Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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UNKNOWN
42935 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2017-10-02
2023-06-30
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Smokers are at higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths and might thus benefit greatly from high vaccination coverage. However, evidence suggests that they may be less likely to be vaccinated, as smokers are less likely to adhere to preventive measures in general and have lower adherence to other vaccines. Reports of a protective role of smoking on the risk of COVID-19 infection might have also reduced the perceived risks from being infected.
Evidence regarding tobacco use and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is mixed. Some studies have shown greater mistrust in COVID-19 vaccine benefits and greater vaccine hesitancy and lower vaccine acceptance compared to non-smokers, while other studies have reported no differences by smoking status or lower levels of vaccine hesitancy in smokers compared to non-smokers. Few studies have examined the relationship between tobacco use and vaccine uptake, showing that smokers had higher odds of being vaccinated. These studies, however, are not representative of the general population and relied on self-reported vaccination status, resulting in higher risk of selection and information bias.
The investigators will expand current knowledge by examining two forms of tobacco use in Finland -smoking and smokeless tobacco use (snus)- and by analysing the spacing between vaccine doses. The study will use data from nationally representative surveys in Finland linked to vaccination registries, which reduces the risk of selection and information bias.
Conditions
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Study Design
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COHORT
PROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
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Tobacco users
Tobacco users
Never smokers (reference group) will be compared with former smokers, occasional smokers and daily smokers.
Never snus users (reference group) will also compare with never users, former users and current users.
Not applicable, this is an observational study
Not applicable, this is an observational study
Interventions
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Not applicable, this is an observational study
Not applicable, this is an observational study
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Registered in the Population Register at the moment of sampling
* Aged 20 and over
* Participated in the FinSote surveys in 2018 or 2020
* Provided consent for register linkage
Exclusion Criteria
* Age less than 20 years old
* Did not participate in FinSote surveys in 2018, 2019 and 2020
* Did not provide consent for register linkage
20 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Karolinska Institutet
OTHER
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
OTHER_GOV
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
OTHER_GOV
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Sakari Karvonen, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
Locations
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Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
Countries
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References
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Simons D, Shahab L, Brown J, Perski O. The association of smoking status with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19: a living rapid evidence review with Bayesian meta-analyses (version 7). Addiction. 2021 Jun;116(6):1319-1368. doi: 10.1111/add.15276. Epub 2020 Nov 17.
Jackson SE, Paul E, Brown J, Steptoe A, Fancourt D. Negative Vaccine Attitudes and Intentions to Vaccinate Against Covid-19 in Relation to Smoking Status: A Population Survey of UK Adults. Nicotine Tob Res. 2021 Aug 18;23(9):1623-1628. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntab039.
Krebs NM, D'Souza G, Bordner C, Allen SI, Hobkirk AL, Foulds J, Yingst JM. COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Hesitancy Among Current Tobacco Users. Tob Use Insights. 2021 Dec 20;14:1179173X211068027. doi: 10.1177/1179173X211068027. eCollection 2021.
Ali M, Ahmed S, Bonna AS, Sarkar AS, Islam MA, Urmi TA, Proma TS. Parental coronavirus disease vaccine hesitancy for children in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2022 Jan 25;11:90. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.76181.2. eCollection 2022.
Oruc MA, Ozturk O. Attitudes of health care professionals towards COVID-19 vaccine - a sequence from Turkey. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021 Oct 3;17(10):3377-3383. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1928462. Epub 2021 Jun 18.
Wu J, Li Q, Silver Tarimo C, Wang M, Gu J, Wei W, Ma M, Zhao L, Mu Z, Miao Y. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Chinese Population: A Large-Scale National Study. Front Immunol. 2021 Nov 29;12:781161. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.781161. eCollection 2021.
Luk TT, Zhao S, Wu Y, Wong JY, Wang MP, Lam TH. Prevalence and determinants of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy in Hong Kong: A population-based survey. Vaccine. 2021 Jun 16;39(27):3602-3607. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.05.036. Epub 2021 May 18.
Wisniak A, Baysson H, Pullen N, Nehme M, Pennacchio F, Zaballa ME, Guessous I, Stringhini S; Specchio-COVID19 study group. COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in the canton of Geneva: a cross-sectional population-based study. Swiss Med Wkly. 2021 Dec 14;151:w30080. doi: 10.4414/smw.2021.w30080. eCollection 2021 Dec 6.
Ishimaru T, Okawara M, Ando H, Hino A, Nagata T, Tateishi S, Tsuji M, Matsuda S, Fujino Y; CORoNaWork Project. Gender differences in the determinants of willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine among the working-age population in Japan. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021 Nov 2;17(11):3975-3981. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1947098. Epub 2021 Jul 2.
Ko T, Dendle C, Woolley I, Morand E, Antony A. SARS-COV-2 vaccine acceptance in patients with rheumatic diseases: a cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021 Nov 2;17(11):4048-4056. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1958611. Epub 2021 Aug 6.
Tan LF, Huak CY, Siow I, Tan AJ, Venugopalan PM, Premkumar A, Seetharaman SK, Tan BYQ. The road to achieving herd immunity: factors associated with Singapore residents' uptake and hesitancy of the COVID-19 vaccination. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2022 Apr;21(4):561-567. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2021883. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Tiirinki H, Viita-Aho M, Tynkkynen LK, Sovala M, Jormanainen V, Keskimaki I. COVID-19 in Finland: Vaccination strategy as part of the wider governing of the pandemic. Health Policy Technol. 2022 Jun;11(2):100631. doi: 10.1016/j.hlpt.2022.100631. Epub 2022 Apr 14.
Pena S, Zhou Z, Kestila L, Galanti MR, Shaaban AN, Caspersen IH, Magnus P, Geraldo P, Rojas-Saunero P, Parikka S, Nohynek H, Karvonen S. Tobacco Use and Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccinations in Finland: A Population-Based Study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2024 Oct 22;26(11):1553-1562. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntad234.
Provided Documents
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Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan
Related Links
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Description of the Tobrisk-CoV project
Other Identifiers
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THL/713/6.00.00/2021.2
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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