Design of Chatbot Persona for Breast Cancer Screening Outreach Among Black Women

NCT ID: NCT05472064

Last Updated: 2023-05-16

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

550 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-08-22

Study Completion Date

2022-12-27

Brief Summary

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Breast cancer screening disparities among Black women persist despite health system recognition and outreach. However, current evidence on how to tailor and optimize implementation strategies for breast cancer screening outreach is limited. The proposed study is part of a larger project to design a chatbot for breast cancer screening outreach to Black women and will focus on optimizing the chatbot persona. Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) framework, the investigators will conduct a randomized factorial experiment to assess the individual components of chatbot persona for breast cancer screening and identify which components have the greatest effect on trust and engagement for Black women. This information will guide the design of an optimized chatbot intervention that achieves the primary outcomes.

Detailed Description

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The goal of this study is to determine the optimal delivery of initial chatbot messages for culturally tailored breast cancer screening outreach. Mistrust of the medical system has been identified as a significant barrier to mammography screening among Black women. Yet, while tailored interventions for breast cancer screening exist, the optimal design of a tailored intervention to engender trust is unknown. Chatbots have been shown to increase levels of trust in web-based information, though adoption of chatbots may depend on chatbot characteristics. The investigators propose to use the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST), a framework for developing efficacious, efficient, scalable and cost-effective interventions, to assess the performance of chatbot intervention components and their interactions.

The chatbot message delivery will be systematically varied across two components, each of which is represented by a separate factor in the 2x2x1 factorial study design with a control arm. Specifically, each participant will be randomly assigned to one of five separate experimental conditions. Conditions include: (1) chatbot with a primary care doctor persona and direct communication style; (2) chatbot with a breast cancer survivor persona and direct communication style; (3) chatbot with a primary care doctor persona and indirect communication style; and (4) chatbot with a breast cancer survivor persona and indirect communication style. All participants will complete a survey regarding their perceptions about the initial outreach messages from the chatbot.

The main effects will be estimated of the two experimental factors and their interactions on the study's primary outcomes - trust in the chatbot system to use for breast cancer screening education and scheduling, and intention to use. This information will guide the design of an optimized chatbot persona that achieves the primary outcomes.

Participants will be enrolled if they are Black individuals who qualify for breast cancer screening residing in the United States who are between the ages of 40-74. Recruitment will be conducted on Prolific, an online participant pooling platform, and Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), a crowdsourcing platform used for research recruitment. Prolific will be used given the platform's ability for selecting the participant population. However, due to the limited number of individuals within the inclusion criteria on Prolific, and if needed participants will also be recruited on MTurk. Participants will be asked to view the chatbot messages and respond to questions to assess trust, engagement, and directness of the chatbot.

Conditions

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Breast Cancer

Study Groups

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Group 1

Primary care doctor persona with direct messages

Persona: Primary care doctor

Intervention Type OTHER

The chatbot persona is a Black woman who is a primary care doctor.

Communication Style: Direct

Intervention Type OTHER

The chatbot messages are characterized by commands and direct addresses (''you'').

Group 2

Breast cancer survivor persona with direct messages

Persona: Breast cancer survivor

Intervention Type OTHER

The chatbot persona is a Black woman who is a breast cancer survivor.

Communication Style: Direct

Intervention Type OTHER

The chatbot messages are characterized by commands and direct addresses (''you'').

Group 3

Primary care doctor with indirect messages

Persona: Primary care doctor

Intervention Type OTHER

The chatbot persona is a Black woman who is a primary care doctor.

Communication Style: Indirect

Intervention Type OTHER

The chatbot messages are characterized by subjunctive modal verb forms (''would like'') and cooperative addresses (''we", "let's").

Group 4

Breast cancer survivor persona with indirect messages

Persona: Breast cancer survivor

Intervention Type OTHER

The chatbot persona is a Black woman who is a breast cancer survivor.

Communication Style: Indirect

Intervention Type OTHER

The chatbot messages are characterized by subjunctive modal verb forms (''would like'') and cooperative addresses (''we", "let's").

Group 5

Control

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Persona: Primary care doctor

The chatbot persona is a Black woman who is a primary care doctor.

Intervention Type OTHER

Persona: Breast cancer survivor

The chatbot persona is a Black woman who is a breast cancer survivor.

Intervention Type OTHER

Communication Style: Direct

The chatbot messages are characterized by commands and direct addresses (''you'').

Intervention Type OTHER

Communication Style: Indirect

The chatbot messages are characterized by subjunctive modal verb forms (''would like'') and cooperative addresses (''we", "let's").

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

All women who are 40-74 years old:

* who identify as Black

Exclusion Criteria

* Participants who do not complete the survey
* Participants who complete the survey in less than half the normal average time
* Participants who do not pass the attention check
Minimum Eligible Age

40 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

74 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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National Cancer Institute (NCI)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Washington

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Leah Marcotte

Assistant Professor, School of Medicine

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Leah Marcotte, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Washington

Locations

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University of Washington Medical Center

Seattle, Washington, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

Other Identifiers

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5P50CA244432

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

STUDY00011606

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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