Effects of Acute Pain on Motor Learning in Young vs Older Adults

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

61 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-08-20

Study Completion Date

2025-06-05

Brief Summary

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To date, the effects of pain on motor learning have not been thoroughly investigated, particularly in older adults. Broadly, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of acute pain on locomotor learning and its retention in older adults. The investigators hypothesize that acute pain impairs retention of locomotor learning in young and older adults and that in older adults, these deficits are worsened and are related to the degree of normal age-related cognitive decline.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Aging Pain, Acute Cognitive Decline Motor Activity

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Application of pain or no stimulus cannot be masked from participants, nor from outcomes assessors.

Study Groups

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Pain Stimulus

Capsaicin combined with heat applied to intact skin

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

pain delivery

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Experimental pain paradigm delivered that is short-term and painful but not harmful.

No Stimulus

Nothing applied to skin

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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pain delivery

Experimental pain paradigm delivered that is short-term and painful but not harmful.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. 18-35 (YA group only) or 55-85 (OA group only) years old
2. Sex-matched to a participant in the OA group (YA group only)
3. Self-identifying as generally medically healthy
4. Able to read, write and speak English
5. Able to provide informed consent and attend all testing sessions
6. Willing to undergo the experimental pain or non-painful electrical stimulation, if selected

Exclusion Criteria

1. Resting HR \< 50 or \> 100 bpm
2. Resting BP \< 90/60 or \> 140/95 mmHg (YA group only) or \> 165/95 (OA group only)
3. Any history or current mental health condition, learning/developmental disability or cognitive impairment, including severe untreated ADD/ADHD, severe untreated anxiety, severe untreated depression, autism spectrum disorder, insomnia, mild cognitive impairment, etc.
4. Score on the MoCA \<23
5. Score on the GAD-7 ≥ 10
6. Score on the PHQ-2 ≥ 2 and score on the PHQ-9 ≥ 10
7. Any current (within last 3 month) or chronic medical conditions, including any musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, endocrine, pulmonary, metabolic, psychiatric or neurological diagnosis that (for OA group only) affects activities of daily living or would confound testing or place the subject at risk by participating, such as a significant cardiovascular condition or event (e.g., heart attack \< 3 months ago, uncontrolled atrial fibrillation, uncontrolled angina, or congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, peripheral vascular disease)
8. Any impaired sensation or weakness in either lower extremity or in the area targeted for the stimulus
9. History of serious concussion or head injury, defined as a loss of consciousness for \> 5 minutes and/or requiring medical treatment, or \> 2 concussions over the lifespan
10. Any history of acute or chronic problems with balance, any dizziness, or \> 1 fall in the last 12 months
11. Taking 4 or more medications (YA group only)
12. Currently or regularly using any analgesic medications, over-the-counter remedies, or any other treatment for the purposes of pain relief (i.e., baby aspirin for heart health permitted, etc.)
13. Any current or chronic pain condition during the last year, located anywhere in the body with a (OA group only) pain intensity of \> 2/10
14. Allergy to capsaicin or hot peppers
15. Any skin lesion, breakage or irritation in the area targeted for the painful stimulus
16. Skin sensitivity to soaps/creams/perfumes or to heat
17. Poor circulation in the area targeted for the painful stimulus
18. Prior participation in a locomotor learning study in this lab within the last 2 years or prior participation in a study in this lab that included the cognitive testing battery within the last 2 years.

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

85 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes