Impact of Suture Type on Pigment Disturbances in Patients of Skin of Color

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

34 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2022-10-01

Study Completion Date

2026-10-01

Brief Summary

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The present study assesses if dissolvable (fast gut) or non-dissolvable (polypropylene) epidermal sutures produce better cosmetic results in terms of dyspigmentation and scarring in patients of skin of color. Through a split-wound study design, patients undergoing standard elliptical excisions at least 3 cm in length will receive each suture type. Measurements of dyspigmentation and scarring will be made at 7 days (for the head and neck), 10 days (for the trunk and extremities), and 3 months for all locations.

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Detailed Description

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Subjects who consent to the study will have the following information recorded on the date of surgery: age, sex, indication for surgery, surgical site, scar length, size and type of buried intradermal suture, experience of surgeon (attending, fellow or resident), and New Immigration Scale (NIS) skin color. Basic patient medical data pertinent to wound healing/scar formation will be extracted from the medical record including history of hypertrophic scar/keloids, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and immunosuppression.

The subjects will undergo elliptical excision per standard of care. A single polyglactin 910 suture buried intradermal suture will be placed at the center of the wound. If additional buried intradermal sutures are needed, they will be placed equidistant from the center of the wound such that each side has an equivalent number of intradermal sutures. 5-0 polyglactin 910 will be used for wounds on the head and neck and 3-0 or 4-0 polyglactin 910 will be used for wounds on the trunk and extremities.

Following placement of the intradermal sutures, the subject's wound will be demarcated into halves, labeled either "A" or "B." "A" refers to the left or the superior side, and "B" refers to the right or inferior side. Prior to the study commencement, "A=fast gut" will be written on 17 index cards and "B=fast gut" will be written on 17 index cards. The index cards will be sealed in individual envelopes, shuffled to randomize, and stored securely with the study materials. At the time of surgery, the surgeon will randomly select an envelope which indicates which side will receive which suture type (either 5-0 fast absorbing gut or 5-0 polypropylene). This size of epidermal sutures will be used regardless of site of wound. The intervention will be applied sequentially with side A always being closed first. A simple running suture will be used on each half. The surgeon will aim to keep suture technique including spacing and distance from wound edge identical.

Following the procedure, a standard dressing will be applied and wound care will be discussed. Patients will be seen, as is routinely performed clinically, for suture removal for the polypropylene side in 7 days if the closure was on the head and neck and 10 days if the closure was on the trunk or extremities. Any residual component of fast gut suture that has not yet dissolved will be removed by the medical assistant or nurse so that the physician observer is blinded to which sutures were placed on which side. The following information will be collected at this suture removal visit:

* Photo of the scar
* Patients will perform the patient portion of the POSAS (Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale), a validated scale of scar cosmesis.
* A co-investigator not present at the time of the surgical procedure will perform the physician portion of the POSAS
* Scar width will be measured 1 cm from midline on each side of the wound. Measurements will be recorded in 0.5 mm increments.
* Pain incurred with suture removal will be measured via a 10 point Visual Analog Scale immediately after sutures are removed, with 1 representing no pain and 10, the worst pain imaginable.

Patients will be asked to return for an in person clinic visit 3 months after surgery for subsequent scar assessment. All surgical patients, not just those involved in the research study, have follow up appointments for suture removal at 7-14 days and at 3-6 months, as per physician discretion. This time interval is the standard of care. The following information will be collected at 3 month follow up:

* Photo of the scar
* Patient and observer POSAS scores (again, a co-investigator not present at the time of the surgical procedure will perform the physician portion of the POSAS).
* Dermatoscopic images of each side of the scar and of an area of normal skin. The dermatoscopic images will be used to calculate a skin hyperpigmentation index (SHI) score, a validated objective measure of skin hyperpigmentation (https://shi.skinimageanalysis.com).
* Scar width will be measured 1 cm from midline on each side of the wound. Measurements will be recorded in 0.5 mm increments.
* Clinical evidence of surgical site infection, wound disruption, and/or any other postsurgical complications.

Patients who fail to attend the in-person 3 month follow up visit will be contacted by telephone to complete the patient portion of the POSAS and asked to upload photos of the scar to their medical record via MyUPMC. Storage of images of the scars will occur for all patients, not just those participating in the study.

Upon completion of study visits, POSAS, SHI and other clinical data will be analyzed.

Conditions

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Scar

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

prospective, randomized split-wound study

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Investigators Outcome Assessors

Sutures will be removed in their entirety before scar assessment by a co-investigator such that the outcomes assessor is blinded to which suture was used on which side of the scar.

Study Groups

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A= left/superior half of wound

Patients with skin of color undergoing dermatologic surgery with planned standard elliptical excision with wound length of 3 cm or greater

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL