The Use of Rechargeable Spinal Cord Stimulators for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain
NCT ID: NCT05373654
Last Updated: 2024-02-29
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
50 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2023-01-31
2023-06-30
Brief Summary
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Spinal cord stimulation is now recommended in France by the Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) to relieve chronic refractory neuropathic pain (HAS 2014) in the trunk, upper and lower limbs.
Spinal cord stimulation can be done either through a standard spinal cord stimulator or with a rechargeable spinal cord stimulator.
In this study, the investigators aim at assessing the recharge procedure and their constraints for consecutive patients operated for spinal cord stimulation with a rechargeable stimulator for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain at the site by the same surgeon between 2019 and 2020.
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Detailed Description
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The technique involves percutaneous or surgical placement of one or several electrodes in the epidural space to stimulate the dorsal columns of the spinal cord. The electrode is linked to a pacemaker-type stimulator which is usually placed in the subcutaneous abdominal area. Stimulation of the dorsal columns of the spinal cord is supposed to interrupt the transmission of pain messages to the areas of the brain involved in pain regulation.
The average estimated lifespan of batteries of standard stimulators is 3.7 years. This is highly dependent on the way the stimulator is used. A battery may last between 1 and 2 years in patients who use the stimulator continuously at high intensities and frequencies (above 5 volts and 60 Hz). In these cases, the stimulators must be frequently, and surgically replaced. Besides the inconvenience of repeated surgeries, the risk of infection increases with each procedure. This risk has been confirmed in patients with deep brain stimulation while the results are similar, but less clear, with spinal cord stimulation.
To prevent these problems, rechargeable stimulators have been developed and provide real medical progress for the reasons mentioned above. Rechargeable stimulators have been used in routine clinical practice since 2010. Certain rechargeable stimulators have a lifespan of 9 years, while others have a theoretically unlimited lifespan.
Thus, after more than 10 years of use of rechargeable spinal cord stimulators, the choice between a standard and rechargeable stimulator must be evaluated. The cost benefit is clear with rechargeable stimulators. However, the choice of device must also consider facility of use during daily life. The use of the rechargeable device is more complicated, mainly due to the fact that the stimulator must be recharged on a regular basis. To recharge the batteries, the patient places an antenna on the skin where the stimulator is located.
The recharge (the patient is advised to fully recharge the battery when it is at 50% capacity) can take 2 hours. When a "normal" intensity of stimulation is used (\< 5 volts), the patient must charge the battery once a week, which is compatible with basically normal day to day activities. Management becomes more complicated, and even impossible in the intermediate and long term if a recharge takes longer and must be repeated more frequently, which occurs in about 25% of patients. In addition, with the most common rechargeable stimulators, the stimulator must remain constantly charged, because if it is completely empty it usually becomes impossible to recharge, requiring an intervention to replace the stimulator.
This study, observational, will consider patients for whom a rechargeable implantable spinal cord stimulator was placed as part of standard of care, at least one year ago.
The main goal is to determine the proportion of patients who are dissatisfied with the recharge procedure after at least one year of use, and to evaluate their experience to determine the causes of their dissatisfaction.
Conditions
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Study Design
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NA
SINGLE_GROUP
OTHER
NONE
Study Groups
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Patients that have at least one year of follow-up since the procedure.
F-SUS Questionnaire
This F-SUS questionnaire uses a Likert scale including 5 possible responses ranging from " I do not agree at all" to " I completely agree " (Celenza A 2011, Croasmun JT 2011). The F-SUS is a short questionnaire with 10 questions (Brooke J 2013). In its original version half of the questions express strong agreement and the other half disagreement. Thus, all the even-numbered items (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) allow the participant to express a very negative opinion (disagreement). On the other hand, the odd-numbered items allow the participant to express a very positive opinion (strong agreement).
Interview (only for dissatisfied patients)
Patients that are dissatisfied with the recharge procedure (Score F-SUS \< 70/100) will be invited to a so-called complementary information interview (an interview after the questionnaire has been completed).
The corpus (the study group that will be interviewed) will naturally be diverse men/women, patients who were improved or not by stimulation, implanted with a rechargeable stimulator directly/replacing a stimulator, different brands of stimulator… The patient must agree to the interview and the way it will be performed (signature of consent form). The interview may be face-to -face at the site or by remote videoconference depending on the wishes and availability of the patient. There is no payment for these interviews but travelling or videoconference expenses are reimbursed All interviews will be audio- taped for further qualitative analysis.
Interventions
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F-SUS Questionnaire
This F-SUS questionnaire uses a Likert scale including 5 possible responses ranging from " I do not agree at all" to " I completely agree " (Celenza A 2011, Croasmun JT 2011). The F-SUS is a short questionnaire with 10 questions (Brooke J 2013). In its original version half of the questions express strong agreement and the other half disagreement. Thus, all the even-numbered items (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) allow the participant to express a very negative opinion (disagreement). On the other hand, the odd-numbered items allow the participant to express a very positive opinion (strong agreement).
Interview (only for dissatisfied patients)
Patients that are dissatisfied with the recharge procedure (Score F-SUS \< 70/100) will be invited to a so-called complementary information interview (an interview after the questionnaire has been completed).
The corpus (the study group that will be interviewed) will naturally be diverse men/women, patients who were improved or not by stimulation, implanted with a rechargeable stimulator directly/replacing a stimulator, different brands of stimulator… The patient must agree to the interview and the way it will be performed (signature of consent form). The interview may be face-to -face at the site or by remote videoconference depending on the wishes and availability of the patient. There is no payment for these interviews but travelling or videoconference expenses are reimbursed All interviews will be audio- taped for further qualitative analysis.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
2. Implantation carried out more than one year before the date of inclusion in the study,
3. Primary implantation of a rechargeable spinal cord stimulator or replacement of a non-rechargeable spinal cord stimulator with a rechargeable spinal cord stimulator,
4. Dorsal or cervical spinal cord stimulation,
5. Patient operated by the same surgeon,
6. Patient informed of the study and consented to take part.
Exclusion Criteria
2. Patient whose cognitive abilities, as assessed by the investigator, do not allow them to complete the F-SUS questionnaire or the numerical pain scale.
3. Patient covered by legal protection measures
18 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Elsan
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Locations
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Clinique Brétéché
Nantes, , France
Countries
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References
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Moisset X, Bouhassira D, Attal N. French guidelines for neuropathic pain: An update and commentary. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2021 Sep;177(7):834-837. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2021.07.004. Epub 2021 Jul 28.
Bouhassira D, Lanteri-Minet M, Attal N, Laurent B, Touboul C. Prevalence of chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics in the general population. Pain. 2008 Jun;136(3):380-387. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.08.013. Epub 2007 Sep 20.
Cameron T. Safety and efficacy of spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of chronic pain: a 20-year literature review. J Neurosurg. 2004 Mar;100(3 Suppl Spine):254-67. doi: 10.3171/spi.2004.100.3.0254.
Dones I, Levi V. Spinal Cord Stimulation for Neuropathic Pain: Current Trends and Future Applications. Brain Sci. 2018 Jul 24;8(8):138. doi: 10.3390/brainsci8080138.
Blackburn AZ, Chang HH, DiSilvestro K, Veeramani A, McDonald C, Zhang AS, Daniels A. Spinal Cord Stimulation via Percutaneous and Open Implantation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Examining Complication Rates. World Neurosurg. 2021 Oct;154:132-143.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.07.077. Epub 2021 Jul 31.
Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science. 1965 Nov 19;150(3699):971-9. doi: 10.1126/science.150.3699.971. No abstract available.
Meyerson BA, Linderoth B. Mode of action of spinal cord stimulation in neuropathic pain. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2006 Apr;31(4 Suppl):S6-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2005.12.009.
Echeverria-Villalobos M, Mitchell J, Fiorda-Diaz J, Weaver T. Effects of Dorsal Column Spinal Cord Stimulation on Neuroinflammation: Revisiting Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Outcomes on Chronic Lumbar/Leg Pain and Failed Back Surgery Syndrome. J Pain Res. 2021 Jul 30;14:2337-2345. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S309872. eCollection 2021.
Lam CK, Rosenow JM. Patient perspectives on the efficacy and ergonomics of rechargeable spinal cord stimulators. Neuromodulation. 2010 Jul;13(3):218-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1403.2009.00269.x. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
Costandi S, Mekhail N, Azer G, Mehanny DS, Hanna D, Salma Y, Bolash R, Saweris Y. Longevity and Utilization Cost of Rechargeable and Non-Rechargeable Spinal Cord Stimulation Implants: A Comparative Study. Pain Pract. 2020 Nov;20(8):937-945. doi: 10.1111/papr.12926. Epub 2020 Jul 27.
Pepper J, Zrinzo L, Mirza B, Foltynie T, Limousin P, Hariz M. The risk of hardware infection in deep brain stimulation surgery is greater at impulse generator replacement than at the primary procedure. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2013;91(1):56-65. doi: 10.1159/000343202. Epub 2012 Nov 29.
Hoelzer BC, Bendel MA, Deer TR, Eldrige JS, Walega DR, Wang Z, Costandi S, Azer G, Qu W, Falowski SM, Neuman SA, Moeschler SM, Wassef C, Kim C, Niazi T, Saifullah T, Yee B, Kim C, Oryhan CL, Rosenow JM, Warren DT, Lerman I, Mora R, Hayek SM, Hanes M, Simopoulos T, Sharma S, Gilligan C, Grace W, Ade T, Mekhail NA, Hunter JP, Choi D, Choi DY. Spinal Cord Stimulator Implant Infection Rates and Risk Factors: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. Neuromodulation. 2017 Aug;20(6):558-562. doi: 10.1111/ner.12609. Epub 2017 May 11.
Falowski SM, Provenzano DA, Xia Y, Doth AH. Spinal Cord Stimulation Infection Rate and Risk Factors: Results From a United States Payer Database. Neuromodulation. 2019 Feb;22(2):179-189. doi: 10.1111/ner.12843. Epub 2018 Aug 17.
Van Buyten JP, Fowo S, Spincemaille GH, Tronnier V, Beute G, Pallares JJ, Naous H, Zucco F, Krauss JK, De Andres J, Buchser E, Costantini A, Lazorthes Y. The restore rechargeable, implantable neurostimulator: handling and clinical results of a multicenter study. Clin J Pain. 2008 May;24(4):325-34. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e31816216a9.
Other Identifiers
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2022-A00683-40
Identifier Type: OTHER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
STIMREC
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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