The Effect of Two Distraction Strategies in Reducing Preoperative Anxiety in Children
NCT ID: NCT05285995
Last Updated: 2022-03-18
Study Results
Results pending
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.
Recruitment Status
COMPLETED
Clinical Phase
NA
Total Enrollment
181 participants
Study Classification
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Start Date
2019-04-07
Study Completion Date
2019-10-06
Brief Summary
Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.
As a very threatening stressor, surgery often leads to strong psychological stress reactions in surgical patients before surgery, the most typical of which is anxiety. According to previous studies, more than 60% of children have severe anxiety during induction of anesthesia. Preoperative anxiety in children is not only significantly related to postoperative adverse physiological and psychological changes such as delirium during recovery from anesthesia, postoperative pain, and sleep disturbance, but also has a serious negative impact on their future study and life (such as timidity, nocturia, etc.), even for several years. Moreover, if the child is uncooperative, crying violently, and refuses to enter the operating room due to preoperative psychological stress, coercive measures are often adopted in clinical practice, which can easily cause harm to the physical and mental health of the child. Therefore, effective interventions to reduce pre-operative anxiety in children is an urgent need.
At present, most researches adopt different interventions to improve the preoperative anxiety of children. Several studies have explored to the efficacy of psychological interventions and virtual reality exposure in reducing preoperative anxiety in children undergoing surgery,results suggest that these interventions can reduce preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children. Through toys and video games, researchers verified the effects of psychological preparation on perioperative stress, anxiety, and mood in children undergoing cardiac surgery. In addition, researchers also conducted specialized games, interest induction, childlike and diversified nursing methods to relieve preoperative anxiety in children. Although these interventions have achieved certain effects, the intervention strategies need professionals accompanied and special arrangements, there also exist problems such as time-consuming, labor-intensive, and limited audience, especially during the peak operation period.
Attention distraction is an emotion regulation strategy commonly used in daily life, which actively separates the individual's attention from negative emotions and points to neutral or positive stimuli. Music and animation are the most common and affordable distraction strategies to reduce preoperative anxiety in children, but their effects are inconsistent. It is worth noting that Chow believe that the effect of the combination of audio and video is better than that of music intervention. Moreover, previous studies confirmed that when a mental image is experienced, there is an associated emotion that connects the feeling state with the mind and body leading to a physiologic change.
Therefore, this study intends to use two distraction strategies (music and animation) in pediatric surgery patients to compare the effects of the two strategies on preoperative anxiety, anesthesia induction cooperation, vital signs, and to explore effective methods to improve preoperative anxiety in children.
This study was a randomized controlled trial according to the CONSORT guidelines.Researchers recruited child patients(3-12 years) from a general tertiary hospital in Changsha, Hunan province, China. Researchers divided the subjects into three groups, animation group, music group and control group. The 181 patients recruited were randomized into three groups. Instruments, including preoperative anxiety,the degree of cooperation of children during anesthesia induction ,heart rate and blood pressure were assessed at the three moments: before entering the operating room (baseline T0), entering the operating room(T1), and before induction of anesthesia(T2). The repeated-measures analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.
At present, most researches adopt different interventions to improve the preoperative anxiety of children. Several studies have explored to the efficacy of psychological interventions and virtual reality exposure in reducing preoperative anxiety in children undergoing surgery,results suggest that these interventions can reduce preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children. Through toys and video games, researchers verified the effects of psychological preparation on perioperative stress, anxiety, and mood in children undergoing cardiac surgery. In addition, researchers also conducted specialized games, interest induction, childlike and diversified nursing methods to relieve preoperative anxiety in children. Although these interventions have achieved certain effects, the intervention strategies need professionals accompanied and special arrangements, there also exist problems such as time-consuming, labor-intensive, and limited audience, especially during the peak operation period.
Attention distraction is an emotion regulation strategy commonly used in daily life, which actively separates the individual's attention from negative emotions and points to neutral or positive stimuli. Music and animation are the most common and affordable distraction strategies to reduce preoperative anxiety in children, but their effects are inconsistent. It is worth noting that Chow believe that the effect of the combination of audio and video is better than that of music intervention. Moreover, previous studies confirmed that when a mental image is experienced, there is an associated emotion that connects the feeling state with the mind and body leading to a physiologic change.
Therefore, this study intends to use two distraction strategies (music and animation) in pediatric surgery patients to compare the effects of the two strategies on preoperative anxiety, anesthesia induction cooperation, vital signs, and to explore effective methods to improve preoperative anxiety in children.
This study was a randomized controlled trial according to the CONSORT guidelines.Researchers recruited child patients(3-12 years) from a general tertiary hospital in Changsha, Hunan province, China. Researchers divided the subjects into three groups, animation group, music group and control group. The 181 patients recruited were randomized into three groups. Instruments, including preoperative anxiety,the degree of cooperation of children during anesthesia induction ,heart rate and blood pressure were assessed at the three moments: before entering the operating room (baseline T0), entering the operating room(T1), and before induction of anesthesia(T2). The repeated-measures analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.
Related Clinical Trials
Explore similar clinical trials based on study characteristics and research focus.
Preoperative Preparation for Children
NCT00205244
Elective Surgery
Anxiety
COMPLETED
NA
Study to Examine the Effects of Child Life Interventions on Children's Anxiety Levels at Induction of Anesthesia
NCT02395094
Preoperative, Anxiety
COMPLETED
NA
Effect of Preoperative Psychological Intervention on the Degree of Cooperation During Tracheal Catheter Extubation in Patients
NCT04918485
Nurse's Role
COMPLETED
NA
Effects of Stress Ball Use for Patients Undergoing Local Anesthesia in Ambulatory Surgery
NCT06742814
Anxiety
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
NA
Efficacy of Spontaneous Laughter in the Postoperative Treatment of Children
NCT02563587
Pain
UNKNOWN
NA
Detailed Description
Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.
The study was a single blind, randomized, controlled trial.Researchers recruited subjects from one Central South University-affiliated general tertiary hospital in Changsha, Hunan province, China. And the whole trail was on the basis of the CONSORT statements.Study procedures were approved by the institutional review boards of all participating centers before data collection began. All patients were screened by researchers for eligibility and then enrolled in the study if eligible and if the provided consent.
According to the statistics of the operation center, the main types of operations performed on children are adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy and pediatric occult penile surgery. The literature shows that the age of children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy is concentrated in 4-12 years old, and the children with hidden penis surgery are concentrated in 3-12 years old. Therefore, the age for the patients were from 3 to 12 years.Researchers explained the study purposes,procedures, benefits, and risks involved orally to children's parents and participants were recruited with their parents' informed consent.
According to the sequence of the children entering the study, each group(animation group, music group and control group) of 3 persons was randomly divided into 3 subjects in each block according to the random number table. The blind copy shall be kept by the personnel of the unit who have nothing to do with the experiment. The randomization plan will be saved by the statistician, and the researcher only has the number of each subject. After opening the envelope according to the number, the researcher knew whether the subject is the control group or the intervention group. Investigators involved in the intervention were not involved in the analysis of the study data.
In the music group, on the basis of the routine preoperative care, the preferred music was selected from the music library as the intervention content on the day of surgery according to the preference of the children in the 1-day preoperative visit. If there was no preference, the music was played randomly. During the intervention, the same multimedia audio system (Wanderer EDIFIER R1700BT) was used to play music for 30-40 minutes, the volume was controlled at 35-80dB, and adjusted in time according to the feedback of the children.The children in animation group also chose their favorite cartoons as the intervention content on the basis of preoperative care. The same pad (Lenovo TB3-850F) was used to play pre-selected cartoons, and volume as the music group. During the intervention period, the children in intervention group were also accompanied by a nurse, who was also responsible for the implementation and maintenance of the intervention program.
In the control group, the children were received the routine care. One day before the operation, nurses from operating room conducted routine preoperative visits, they communicated effectively with the children and their families, and conducted psychological counseling. The visit time lasted nearly 30 minutes. On the day of surgery, all children were admitted to a special waiting room for children 0.5 h in advance, and venipuncture was performed by a circuit nurse. Colorful cartoon patterns were depicted on the walls of the waiting room, and various toys for children were placed indoors. After entering the operating room, the child was accompanied by a parent in the waiting room for the child to wait for surgery. During the period, a nurse in the research group gave routine psychological comfort, preoperative guidance, answered questions about anesthesia and surgery raised by the children and their parents. Before anesthesia induction, the child was brought into the operating room for anesthesia induction and surgery by operating room nurse, anesthesiologist, and surgeon, while the child's parents leave the waiting room and wait outside the operating room.
The researchers assessed the children's anxiety status, the degree of cooperation during the induction of anesthesia, and recorded the heart rate and blood pressure of the children at three moments: before entering the operating room (baselineT0), entering the operating room(T1), and before induction of anesthesia(T2).Before data collection, researchers who conducting data collection should be trained in measurement tools and assessment methods. The training contents mainly include: (1) explaining the purpose, meaning and the scoring method of the measurement tools; (2) Scoring the child's anxiety through pictures at three time points, discussing the reasons for consistent or inconsistent results, and repeating until the coefficient of agreement κ≥0.8.
According to the statistics of the operation center, the main types of operations performed on children are adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy and pediatric occult penile surgery. The literature shows that the age of children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy is concentrated in 4-12 years old, and the children with hidden penis surgery are concentrated in 3-12 years old. Therefore, the age for the patients were from 3 to 12 years.Researchers explained the study purposes,procedures, benefits, and risks involved orally to children's parents and participants were recruited with their parents' informed consent.
According to the sequence of the children entering the study, each group(animation group, music group and control group) of 3 persons was randomly divided into 3 subjects in each block according to the random number table. The blind copy shall be kept by the personnel of the unit who have nothing to do with the experiment. The randomization plan will be saved by the statistician, and the researcher only has the number of each subject. After opening the envelope according to the number, the researcher knew whether the subject is the control group or the intervention group. Investigators involved in the intervention were not involved in the analysis of the study data.
In the music group, on the basis of the routine preoperative care, the preferred music was selected from the music library as the intervention content on the day of surgery according to the preference of the children in the 1-day preoperative visit. If there was no preference, the music was played randomly. During the intervention, the same multimedia audio system (Wanderer EDIFIER R1700BT) was used to play music for 30-40 minutes, the volume was controlled at 35-80dB, and adjusted in time according to the feedback of the children.The children in animation group also chose their favorite cartoons as the intervention content on the basis of preoperative care. The same pad (Lenovo TB3-850F) was used to play pre-selected cartoons, and volume as the music group. During the intervention period, the children in intervention group were also accompanied by a nurse, who was also responsible for the implementation and maintenance of the intervention program.
In the control group, the children were received the routine care. One day before the operation, nurses from operating room conducted routine preoperative visits, they communicated effectively with the children and their families, and conducted psychological counseling. The visit time lasted nearly 30 minutes. On the day of surgery, all children were admitted to a special waiting room for children 0.5 h in advance, and venipuncture was performed by a circuit nurse. Colorful cartoon patterns were depicted on the walls of the waiting room, and various toys for children were placed indoors. After entering the operating room, the child was accompanied by a parent in the waiting room for the child to wait for surgery. During the period, a nurse in the research group gave routine psychological comfort, preoperative guidance, answered questions about anesthesia and surgery raised by the children and their parents. Before anesthesia induction, the child was brought into the operating room for anesthesia induction and surgery by operating room nurse, anesthesiologist, and surgeon, while the child's parents leave the waiting room and wait outside the operating room.
The researchers assessed the children's anxiety status, the degree of cooperation during the induction of anesthesia, and recorded the heart rate and blood pressure of the children at three moments: before entering the operating room (baselineT0), entering the operating room(T1), and before induction of anesthesia(T2).Before data collection, researchers who conducting data collection should be trained in measurement tools and assessment methods. The training contents mainly include: (1) explaining the purpose, meaning and the scoring method of the measurement tools; (2) Scoring the child's anxiety through pictures at three time points, discussing the reasons for consistent or inconsistent results, and repeating until the coefficient of agreement κ≥0.8.
Conditions
See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.
Attention-Distributing Strategies
Preoperative Anxiety
Study Design
Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.
Allocation Method
RANDOMIZED
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
In the music group, on the basis of the routine preoperative care, the preferred music was selected from the music library as the intervention content on the day of surgery according to the preference of the children in the 1-day preoperative visit. If there was no preference, the music was played randomly. The children in animation group also chose their favorite cartoons as the intervention content on the basis of preoperative care. During the intervention period, the children in intervention group were also accompanied by a nurse, who was also responsible for the implementation and maintenance of the intervention program.
The control group received routine care, which included routine preoperative visits and psychological comfort to the children.
The control group received routine care, which included routine preoperative visits and psychological comfort to the children.
Primary Study Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Blinding Strategy
DOUBLE
Participants
Outcome Assessors
All patients were screened by researchers for eligibility and then enrolled in the study if eligible and if they provided consent. We divided the subjects into three groups, animation group, music group and control group. According to the 1:1:1 balance of three groups, the statistician set the block length to 3, and carried out a random design of the single-blind block group. According to the sequence of the children entering the study, each group of 3 persons was randomly divided into 3 subjects in each block according to the random number table. The blind copy shall be kept by the personnel of the unit who have nothing to do with the experiment. The randomization plan will be saved by the statistician, and the researcher only has the number of each subject. After opening the envelope according to the number, they know whether the subject is the control group or the intervention group. Investigators involved in the intervention were not involved in the analysis of the study data.
Study Groups
Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.
The music group
In the music group, on the basis of the routine preoperative care, the preferred music was selected from the music library as the intervention content on the day of surgery according to the preference of the children in the 1-day preoperative visit. If there was no preference, the music was played randomly. During the intervention, the same multimedia audio system (Wanderer EDIFIER R1700BT) was used to play music for 30-40 minutes, the volume was controlled at 35-80dB, and adjusted in time according to the feedback of the children.
Group Type
EXPERIMENTAL
Music Intervention
Intervention Type
OTHER
Before the operation, subjects were asked to choose their favorite music to listen so as to reduce the anxiety before the operation and before the induction of anesthesia.
The animation group
The children in animation group also chose their favorite cartoons as the intervention content on the basis of preoperative care. The same pad (Lenovo TB3-850F) was used to play pre-selected cartoons, and volume as the music group. During the intervention period, the children in intervention group were also accompanied by a nurse, who was also responsible for the implementation and maintenance of the intervention program.
Group Type
EXPERIMENTAL
The animation intervention
Intervention Type
OTHER
Before surgery, subjects were asked to choose their favorite cartoons to watch to reduce anxiety before surgery and induction of anesthesia.
The control group
No interventions except routine preoperative visits and conventional care were performed for the control group.
Group Type
NO_INTERVENTION
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.
Music Intervention
Before the operation, subjects were asked to choose their favorite music to listen so as to reduce the anxiety before the operation and before the induction of anesthesia.
Intervention Type
OTHER
The animation intervention
Before surgery, subjects were asked to choose their favorite cartoons to watch to reduce anxiety before surgery and induction of anesthesia.
Intervention Type
OTHER
Eligibility Criteria
Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.
Inclusion Criteria
* With age from 3 to 12 years old;
* Had normal mental, psychological and intellectual development;
* Must receive general anesthesia surgery;
* Must be volunteered to join the study.
* Had normal mental, psychological and intellectual development;
* Must receive general anesthesia surgery;
* Must be volunteered to join the study.
Exclusion Criteria
* Receive an emergency surgery;
* With unstable vital signs or critical illness.
* With unstable vital signs or critical illness.
Minimum Eligible Age
3 Years
Maximum Eligible Age
12 Years
Eligible Sex
ALL
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Sponsors
Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.
Central South University
OTHER
Sponsor Role
lead
Responsible Party
Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.
Jie Zhang
Principal investigator
Responsibility Role
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Locations
Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.
The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Changsha, Hunan, China
Site Status
Countries
Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.
China
References
Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.
Schneemilch CE, Bachmann H, Ulrich A, Elwert R, Halloul Z, Hachenberg T. Clonidine decreases stress response in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy under regional anesthesia: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2006 Aug;103(2):297-302, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000223673.68072.42.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Santiago AE, Issy AM, Sakata RK. Effects of preoperative intravenous clonidine in patients undergoing cataract surgery: a double-blind, randomized trial. J Ophthalmol. 2014;2014:346549. doi: 10.1155/2014/346549. Epub 2014 Sep 2.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Brans K, Koval P, Verduyn P, Lim YL, Kuppens P. The regulation of negative and positive affect in daily life. Emotion. 2013 Oct;13(5):926-39. doi: 10.1037/a0032400. Epub 2013 Jun 3.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Jallo N, Ruiz RJ, Elswick RK Jr, French E. Guided imagery for stress and symptom management in pregnant african american women. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:840923. doi: 10.1155/2014/840923. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D; CONSORT Group. CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMC Med. 2010 Mar 24;8:18. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-8-18.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Kain ZN, Mayes LC, Cicchetti DV, Bagnall AL, Finley JD, Hofstadter MB. The Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale: how does it compare with a "gold standard"? Anesth Analg. 1997 Oct;85(4):783-8. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199710000-00012.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Jenkins BN, Fortier MA, Kaplan SH, Mayes LC, Kain ZN. Development of a short version of the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale. Anesth Analg. 2014 Sep;119(3):643-650. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000350.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Kain ZN, Caldwell-Andrews AA, Maranets I, McClain B, Gaal D, Mayes LC, Feng R, Zhang H. Preoperative anxiety and emergence delirium and postoperative maladaptive behaviors. Anesth Analg. 2004 Dec;99(6):1648-1654. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000136471.36680.97.
Reference Type
RESULT
Eijlers R, Dierckx B, Staals LM, Berghmans JM, van der Schroeff MP, Strabbing EM, Wijnen RMH, Hillegers MHJ, Legerstee JS, Utens EMWJ. Virtual reality exposure before elective day care surgery to reduce anxiety and pain in children: A randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2019 Oct;36(10):728-737. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001059.
Reference Type
RESULT
Meletti DP, Meletti JFA, Camargo RPS, Silva LM, Modolo NSP. Psychological preparation reduces preoperative anxiety in children. Randomized and double-blind trial. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2019 Sep-Oct;95(5):545-551. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.05.009. Epub 2018 Jun 30.
Reference Type
RESULT
Kumar A, Das S, Chauhan S, Kiran U, Satapathy S. Perioperative Anxiety and Stress in Children Undergoing Congenital Cardiac Surgery and Their Parents: Effect of Brief Intervention-A Randomized Control Trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2019 May;33(5):1244-1250. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.08.187. Epub 2018 Aug 22.
Reference Type
RESULT
Vagnoli L, Bettini A, Amore E, De Masi S, Messeri A. Relaxation-guided imagery reduces perioperative anxiety and pain in children: a randomized study. Eur J Pediatr. 2019 Jun;178(6):913-921. doi: 10.1007/s00431-019-03376-x. Epub 2019 Apr 3.
Reference Type
RESULT
Aytekin A, Doru O, Kucukoglu S. The Effects of Distraction on Preoperative Anxiety Level in Children. J Perianesth Nurs. 2016 Feb;31(1):56-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2014.11.016. Epub 2015 Nov 11.
Reference Type
RESULT
Millett CR, Gooding LF. Comparing Active and Passive Distraction-Based Music Therapy Interventions on Preoperative Anxiety in Pediatric Patients and Their Caregivers. J Music Ther. 2018 Jan 13;54(4):460-478. doi: 10.1093/jmt/thx014.
Reference Type
RESULT
Atak M, Ozyazicioglu N. The Effect of Different Audio Distraction Methods on Children's Postoperative Pain and Anxiety. J Perianesth Nurs. 2021 Feb;36(1):75-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2020.06.028. Epub 2020 Oct 24.
Reference Type
RESULT
Kuhlmann AYR, van Rosmalen J, Staals LM, Keyzer-Dekker CMG, Dogger J, de Leeuw TG, van der Toorn F, Jeekel J, Wijnen RMH, van Dijk M. Music Interventions in Pediatric Surgery (The Music Under Surgery In Children Study): A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesth Analg. 2020 Apr;130(4):991-1001. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003983.
Reference Type
RESULT
Chow CH, Van Lieshout RJ, Schmidt LA, Dobson KG, Buckley N. Systematic Review: Audiovisual Interventions for Reducing Preoperative Anxiety in Children Undergoing Elective Surgery. J Pediatr Psychol. 2016 Mar;41(2):182-203. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv094. Epub 2015 Oct 17.
Reference Type
RESULT
Beizaee Y, Rejeh N, Heravi-Karimooi M, Tadrisi SD, Griffiths P, Vaismoradi M. The effect of guided imagery on anxiety, depression and vital signs in patients on hemodialysis. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018 Nov;33:184-190. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Oct 17.
Reference Type
RESULT
Kain ZN, MacLaren J, McClain BC, Saadat H, Wang SM, Mayes LC, Anderson GM. Effects of age and emotionality on the effectiveness of midazolam administered preoperatively to children. Anesthesiology. 2007 Oct;107(4):545-52. doi: 10.1097/01.anes.0000281895.81168.c3.
Reference Type
RESULT
Bradt J, Dileo C, Shim M. Music interventions for preoperative anxiety. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jun 6;2013(6):CD006908. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006908.pub2.
Reference Type
RESULT
Wang X, Zhang J, Xin H, Tan W, Liu Y, Wan J. Effectiveness of two distraction strategies in reducing preoperative anxiety in children in China: A randomized controlled trial. J Pediatr Nurs. 2023 Jan-Feb;68:e8-e15. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.10.013. Epub 2022 Nov 17.
Reference Type
DERIVED
Other Identifiers
Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.
XWANG
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
More Related Trials
Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.
Perioperative Anxiety Risk Factors in Parents of Children Undergoing Thoracic Surgery
NCT05752708
RECRUITING
Effects of Distraction Methods on Pain Perceptions and Anxiety Levels in Children During the Blood Collection
NCT04113980
COMPLETED
NA
Interventional Touch Therapy in the Treatment of Children's Dental Clinics
NCT04582422
COMPLETED
NA
The Anxiety of Parents of Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
NCT01492452
COMPLETED
NA
The Role of Mandala Painting Before Surgery
NCT07109492
RECRUITING
NA
The Impact of Meditation on Anxiety and Post-Operative Pain in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Urological Surgery
NCT06858267
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
NA
Animation-Based Breathing Therapy for School-Age Children
NCT06988254
ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
NA
The Effect of Reading Fairy Tales and Coloring on Children's Fear Level in Children Who Are Administered Inhaler Medication With a Mask.
NCT06486389
COMPLETED
NA
Effectiveness of a Nursing Intervention on Pre-surgical Anxiety
NCT07309458
COMPLETED
NA
The Influence of Natural Sounds on the Well-being of Patients After Orthopaedic Surgery
NCT07090915
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
NA
Reading Preoperatively to Reduce Anxiety in Day Surgery
NCT00338325
COMPLETED
PHASE2
RELAX Surgical: Effects of Environmental Design on Pre-surgical Relaxation
NCT02230644
COMPLETED
NA
Does Showing Video Information About Spinal Anesthesia Relieves Patient Anxiety?
NCT04387487
UNKNOWN
NA
Research on the Effect of Drama Workshop on Stress Management of Nursing Students Based on Social Interaction Theory
NCT05506345
COMPLETED
NA
A Prospective Study Investigating the Use of Relaxation Prior to Medical Procedures.
NCT02690194
COMPLETED
NA
the Psychological Interventions for Alleviating Anxiety and Depressive Emotion Among Oocyte Retrieval Patients
NCT06475690
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
NA
The Effect of Sound-Insulated Music Playing and Fıgured Mask Nebulızer Application on the Processing Anxiety of Children
NCT05881941
COMPLETED
NA
The Effect of Laughter Therapy on Nursing Students
NCT05681013
COMPLETED
NA
The Effect of Music Therapy and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise on Anxiety Before the First Clinical Practice
NCT04540172
COMPLETED
NA
The Effect of Therapeutic Touch on Exam Anxiety
NCT06279117
COMPLETED
NA
Aromatherapy Effect on Anxiety Prior to Ultrasound Guided Musculoskeletal Procedures
NCT05660486
COMPLETED
NA
The Effect of Aromatherapy Applied to the Patients in the Urodynamic Procedure
NCT05255874
COMPLETED
NA
Do Therapy Dogs Improve Behavior and Reduce Anxiety in Pediatric Dental Patients?
NCT06057090
ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
NA
Effects of Complementary Therapies Delivered Via Mobile Technologies
NCT02236455
COMPLETED
NA
Effectiveness of Multisensoral Nature-based Intervention in Hospitalized Children During Venous Blood Sampling
NCT05494684
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
NA