Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
45 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2020-05-06
2021-09-30
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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A quasi-experimental study using a non-randomized clinical trial design was conducted between May 2020 and September 2021. Participants were infants in an EOLC pathway in the NICU and their parents. Parents were allocated into a family supportive EOLC intervention group or a standard EOLC group based on their wishes. Primary outcomes were depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for mothers; Hamilton Depression rating scale for fathers) and satisfaction. Student t-test for continuous variables and the Chi-square test categorical variables were used in the statistical analysis.
Conditions
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Study Design
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NON_RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
NONE
Study Groups
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Family supportive EOLC
The intervention 'family supportive EOLC' was developed based on the international guidelines of family-centered care (25) with additional aspects of care and support. The investigators designed a separated single-bedded EOLC room for the infant and parents. Other family members, such as grandparents or siblings, were allowed to visit the infant and parents. The design of the room included the option for parents to stay comfortably on a sofa to relax and to play soothing music. Parents were encouraged to stay as long as they want and participate in basic care including physical contact with their infant. The nurses supported the parents in creating commemorative items such as a 'Yuan man' box with photos, baby handprint cards, footprint cards, a lock of hair and other precious memory items. A psychologist, in collaboration with our NICU, and a neonatologist supported the parents by individual interviews.
Family supportive care in EOLC
The investigators designed a separated single-bedded EOLC room for the infant and parents. Other family members, such as grandparents or siblings, were allowed to visit the infant and parents. The design of the room included the option for parents to stay comfortably on a sofa to relax and to play soothing music. Parents were encouraged to stay as long as they want and participate in basic care including physical contact with their infant. The nurses supported the parents in creating commemorative items such as a 'Yuan man' box with photos, baby handprint cards, footprint cards, a lock of hair and other precious memory items. A psychologist, in collaboration with our NICU, and a neonatologist supported the parents by individual interviews.
The standard EOLC
The standard EOLC included the international guidance of palliative care and EOLC in neonatology (21-23). In China, parents are often the decision-makers of their infant's treatment and the NICU clinicians usually respect the parent's decision (24). After parents have decided to withdraw treatment, standard EOLC is initiated and includes monitoring of vital signs and withholding or withdrawing rescue procedures such as intubation and intravenous infusion. Unnecessary lines are removed and pain management is provided by analgesia. Comfort care is provided by nurses including basic care such as skin care and oral care. After the infant died, the NICU physician informs the parents by phone.
Family supportive care in EOLC
The investigators designed a separated single-bedded EOLC room for the infant and parents. Other family members, such as grandparents or siblings, were allowed to visit the infant and parents. The design of the room included the option for parents to stay comfortably on a sofa to relax and to play soothing music. Parents were encouraged to stay as long as they want and participate in basic care including physical contact with their infant. The nurses supported the parents in creating commemorative items such as a 'Yuan man' box with photos, baby handprint cards, footprint cards, a lock of hair and other precious memory items. A psychologist, in collaboration with our NICU, and a neonatologist supported the parents by individual interviews.
Interventions
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Family supportive care in EOLC
The investigators designed a separated single-bedded EOLC room for the infant and parents. Other family members, such as grandparents or siblings, were allowed to visit the infant and parents. The design of the room included the option for parents to stay comfortably on a sofa to relax and to play soothing music. Parents were encouraged to stay as long as they want and participate in basic care including physical contact with their infant. The nurses supported the parents in creating commemorative items such as a 'Yuan man' box with photos, baby handprint cards, footprint cards, a lock of hair and other precious memory items. A psychologist, in collaboration with our NICU, and a neonatologist supported the parents by individual interviews.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
1 Hour
3 Months
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Hunan Children's Hospital
OTHER_GOV
Responsible Party
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Locations
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Hunan Children's Hospital
Changsha, Hunan, China
Countries
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References
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Allen JD, Shukla R, Baker R, Slaven JE, Moody K. Improving Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Providers' Perceptions of Palliative Care through a Weekly Case-Based Discussion. Palliat Med Rep. 2021 Apr 16;2(1):93-100. doi: 10.1089/pmr.2020.0121. eCollection 2021.
Chen X, Li H, Song J, Sun P, Lin B, Zhao J, Yang C. The Resuscitation of Apparently Stillborn Neonates: A Peek Into the Practice in China. Front Pediatr. 2020 Jun 2;8:231. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.00231. eCollection 2020.
Maurer DM, Raymond TJ, Davis BN. Depression: Screening and Diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Oct 15;98(8):508-515.
Nixon N, Guo B, Garland A, Kaylor-Hughes C, Nixon E, Morriss R. The bi-factor structure of the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale in persistent major depression; dimensional measurement of outcome. PLoS One. 2020 Oct 26;15(10):e0241370. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241370. eCollection 2020.
Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry. 1987 Jun;150:782-6. doi: 10.1192/bjp.150.6.782.
Zhang R, Tang Q, Zhu LH, Peng XM, Zhang N, Xiong YE, Chen MH, Chen KL, Luo D, Li X, Latour JM. Testing a Family Supportive End of Life Care Intervention in a Chinese Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Quasi-experimental Study With a Non-randomized Controlled Trial Design. Front Pediatr. 2022 Jul 22;10:870382. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.870382. eCollection 2022.
Davidson JE, Aslakson RA, Long AC, Puntillo KA, Kross EK, Hart J, Cox CE, Wunsch H, Wickline MA, Nunnally ME, Netzer G, Kentish-Barnes N, Sprung CL, Hartog CS, Coombs M, Gerritsen RT, Hopkins RO, Franck LS, Skrobik Y, Kon AA, Scruth EA, Harvey MA, Lewis-Newby M, White DB, Swoboda SM, Cooke CR, Levy MM, Azoulay E, Curtis JR. Guidelines for Family-Centered Care in the Neonatal, Pediatric, and Adult ICU. Crit Care Med. 2017 Jan;45(1):103-128. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002169.
Silverman WA. A hospice setting for humane neonatal death. Pediatrics. 1982 Feb;69(2):239. No abstract available.
Kim S, Savage TA, Hershberger PE, Kavanaugh K. End-of-Life Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units from an Asian Perspective: An Integrative Review of the Research Literature. J Palliat Med. 2019 Jul;22(7):848-857. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2018.0304. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
Haug S, Dye A, Durrani S. End-of-Life Care for Neonates: Assessing and Addressing Pain and Distressing Symptoms. Front Pediatr. 2020 Sep 24;8:574180. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.574180. eCollection 2020.
Dombrecht L, Beernaert K, Chambaere K, Cools F, Goossens L, Naulaers G, Cohen J, Deliens L; NICU consortium. End-of-life decisions in neonates and infants: a population-level mortality follow-back study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2022 May;107(3):340-341. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2021-322108. Epub 2021 Jun 15. No abstract available.
Veldhuijzen van Zanten S, Ferretti E, MacLean G, Daboval T, Lauzon L, Reuvers E, Vadeboncoeur C. Medications to manage infant pain, distress and end-of-life symptoms in the immediate postpartum period. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2022 Jan;23(1):43-48. doi: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1965574. Epub 2021 Aug 18.
Related Links
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World Health Organization. World Health Statistics 2021. Monitoring health for the SDGs.
World Health Organization. Palliative Care. Key Facts.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellent (NICE). End of life care for infants, children and young people with life-limiting conditions: planning and management. NICE guideline
Other Identifiers
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HN08
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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