Urinary Incontinence and Anxiety in Pregnancy

NCT ID: NCT04942951

Last Updated: 2021-06-29

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

160 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-01-02

Study Completion Date

2021-06-05

Brief Summary

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This prospective case-control study aimed to evaluate the impact of presence, and severity of urinary incontinence (UI) on pregnancy related anxiety. The study included 160 pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancies at the second trimester. The pregnant women with UI (n=80) were compared to the control group including continent pregnant women (n=80) in terms of Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Scores (PRAQ-R2) and Incontinence Consultation Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) in pregnant women. Pelvic Organ Prolapse Questionnaire (POP-Q) was considered for the diagnosis of pelvic organ prolapsus. The UI was also divided into subgroups as stress (SUI), urge (UUI), and mixed (MUI) types and they were also compared to the control group.

Detailed Description

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In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of the presence and the severity of UI on pregnancy related anxiety status in a well-defined pregnant cohort. The correlations were also analyzed in terms of the UI subtypes as stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI) and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). A total of 160 pregnant women applied to outpatient clinics of Obstetrics and Urology Departments were included in the current study. Patients were compared in two groups in terms of Study group including pregnant women who were diagnosed with the UI (n=80) and Control group including healthy pregnant women (n=80). The study was approved by the institutional review board of Ankara Training and Research Hospital (# 0067/2019). All the participants were informed, and written consent was obtained before the participated the study.

Physical examination was performed to diagnose the pelvic organ prolapse and the findings were classified through the five categories based on Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q). According to POP-Q, only the pregnant women diagnosed with category 0 or category 1 were included in the study. All the pregnant women included in the current study were married and multiparous women, at the second trimester of the pregnancy, with uncomplicated pregnancies and regular pregnancy follow-up. Pregnancies complicated by chronic maternal diseases (rheumatological diseases, renal failure, vascular malformations, hypertension, cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypo-hyperthyroidy, congenital hematological disorders), acute inflammatory conditions (acute pancreatitis, acute appendicitis), pregnancy complications (gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes), history of alcohol consumption, having multiple pregnancies, psychiatric diseases, cognitive disorders, neurogenic bladder, fecal incontinence, chronic constipation, chronic cough, urinary infection, history of pelvic surgery including incontinence surgeries and/or taking medication for UI were excluded from the current study. Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised (PRAQ-R2) scale was used to evaluate the anxiety status of the participants. The International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) which has been defined by Hajebrahimi et al. as a reliable scale, and validated in Turkish by Demircan et al. was used for the evaluation of UI. This scale includes questions about the frequency of UI, the conditions at which UI occurs and how much it affects the social life of the person. UI subtypes were diagnosed according to the definitions of the International Continence Society.

Conditions

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Anxiety in Pregnancy (Disorder) Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

CASE_CONTROL

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Pregnant women with the diagnosis of urinary incontinence (Study group)

The pregnant women who were diagnosed with the urinary incontinence (n=80) with category 0 or category 1 Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) score in physical examination.

Gynecological examination

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Gynecological examination was performed to the whole pregnant cohort included in the study to diagnose either the pelvic organ prolapse according to the POP-Q system or to be sure that they have no findings of pelvic organ prolapse.

Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q)

Intervention Type OTHER

Gynecological examination was performed to the whole pregnant cohort included in the study to diagnose either the pelvic organ prolapse according to the POP-Q system or to be sure that they have no findings of pelvic organ prolapse.

Incontinence Consultation Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) questionnaire

Intervention Type OTHER

ICIQ-SF questionnaire was applied to the Study group to determine the severity of urinary incontinence.

Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2) questionnaire

Intervention Type OTHER

PRAQ-R2 questionnaire was applied to the whole pregnant cohort included in the study to determine their anxiety status.

Healthy pregnant women (Control group)

Control group consisted of healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies (n=80). They had no complaint of urinary incontinence and their gynecological examination did not reveal any finding of pelvic organ prolapse.

Gynecological examination

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Gynecological examination was performed to the whole pregnant cohort included in the study to diagnose either the pelvic organ prolapse according to the POP-Q system or to be sure that they have no findings of pelvic organ prolapse.

Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2) questionnaire

Intervention Type OTHER

PRAQ-R2 questionnaire was applied to the whole pregnant cohort included in the study to determine their anxiety status.

Interventions

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Gynecological examination

Gynecological examination was performed to the whole pregnant cohort included in the study to diagnose either the pelvic organ prolapse according to the POP-Q system or to be sure that they have no findings of pelvic organ prolapse.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q)

Gynecological examination was performed to the whole pregnant cohort included in the study to diagnose either the pelvic organ prolapse according to the POP-Q system or to be sure that they have no findings of pelvic organ prolapse.

Intervention Type OTHER

Incontinence Consultation Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) questionnaire

ICIQ-SF questionnaire was applied to the Study group to determine the severity of urinary incontinence.

Intervention Type OTHER

Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2) questionnaire

PRAQ-R2 questionnaire was applied to the whole pregnant cohort included in the study to determine their anxiety status.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

The pregnant women who were diagnosed with the urinary incontinence (n=80) with category 0 or category 1 Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) score in physical examination.

Healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies (n=80) with no complaint or finding of urinary incontinence.

Married and multiparous women, at the second trimester of the pregnancy, with uncomplicated pregnancies and regular pregnancy follow-up.

Exclusion Criteria

Pregnancies complicated by chronic maternal diseases, acute inflammatory conditions, pregnancy complications, history of alcohol consumption, having multiple pregnancies, psychiatric diseases, cognitive disorders, neurogenic bladder, fecal incontinence, chronic constipation, chronic cough, urinary infection, history of pelvic surgery including incontinence surgeries and/or taking medication for urinary incontinence were excluded.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

40 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Esin Merve Erol Koç

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Esin Merve Erol Koç

Medical Doctor

Responsibility Role SPONSOR_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Esin Merve Erol Koç, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Ankara City Hospital Bilkent

Locations

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Esin Merve Erol Koç

Ankara, , Turkey (Türkiye)

Site Status

Countries

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Turkey (Türkiye)

References

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Felde G, Ebbesen MH, Hunskaar S. Anxiety and depression associated with urinary incontinence. A 10-year follow-up study from the Norwegian HUNT study (EPINCONT). Neurourol Urodyn. 2017 Feb;36(2):322-328. doi: 10.1002/nau.22921. Epub 2015 Nov 20.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 26584597 (View on PubMed)

Huizink AC, Delforterie MJ, Scheinin NM, Tolvanen M, Karlsson L, Karlsson H. Adaption of pregnancy anxiety questionnaire-revised for all pregnant women regardless of parity: PRAQ-R2. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2016 Feb;19(1):125-32. doi: 10.1007/s00737-015-0531-2. Epub 2015 May 14.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 25971851 (View on PubMed)

Hajebrahimi S, Corcos J, Lemieux MC. International consultation on incontinence questionnaire short form: comparison of physician versus patient completion and immediate and delayed self-administration. Urology. 2004 Jun;63(6):1076-8. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2004.01.005.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 15183953 (View on PubMed)

Felde G, Bjelland I, Hunskaar S. Anxiety and depression associated with incontinence in middle-aged women: a large Norwegian cross-sectional study. Int Urogynecol J. 2012 Mar;23(3):299-306. doi: 10.1007/s00192-011-1564-3. Epub 2011 Nov 9.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 22068320 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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0067/2019

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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