Regular vs. Clear Liquid Diet for Mild to Moderate Acute Pancreatitis
NCT ID: NCT04932785
Last Updated: 2023-03-06
Study Results
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Basic Information
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UNKNOWN
NA
150 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2021-07-18
2024-07-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Study Design:
Patients presenting to the Los Angeles County Hospital with mild to moderate acute pancreatitis are eligible and are the focus population of this study. Diagnosis and severity classification will be according to the Revised Atlanta classification and Modified Marshal Score. Patients will require fulfillment of 2 of 3 criteria: amylase or lipase greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal, classic epigastric abdominal pain, or unequivocal imaging consistent with acute pancreatitis.
Patients within the inclusion and exclusion parameters will be randomized to RD vs. CLD within 16 hours of diagnosis of pancreatitis. Randomization will be performed using a random sequence algorithm with concealed allocation. The provision of diet in the emergency department prior to randomization will be recorded but not impact randomization strategy.
Following randomization, the diet of RD vs. CLD will begin as soon as patient expresses an appetite and willingness to eat. The patients will be assessed within 24 hours for hunger and interest in initiating oral feeding which accords with the 2018 recommendations of the American Gastroenterology Association for the management of acute pancreatitis.
The diet algorithm will be randomization to a 1:1 of full regular diet versus clear liquid diet per the Los Angeles County + University of Southern California nutrition department. This nutritional composition is confirmed by the in-house dietician and nutrition department. Regular diet will reflect the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Dietary guidelines for 2015-202013 and meets recommendations of the International Consensus Guidelines for Nutrition Therapy for Pancreatitis. Fat content is modest in both groups; it is set at 20-35% of caloric intake for regular diet and 15-20% for clear liquid diet. Patients with diabetes mellitus will received modified versions of the regular or clear diet to reflect American Diabetes Association (ADA) requirements. This will be the standard of care composition provided to all patients at Los Angeles County + University of Southern California Medical Center with diabetes deemed by their providers to have a diet modified for diabetes (ADA) diet.
A complete history and physical exam will be taken at time of admission within 24 hours during time of enrollment. Then at 48 hours, 72 hours, and every day until discharge, the patient will have a targeted history including oral tolerance, pain and pain medication requirement, and baseline and changes in Pancreatic Activity Scoring System (PASS). The percent of completed diet per meal will also be recorded. At one week, patients will be contacted for symptom relapse check up by phone and at thirty days, the electronic record will be reviewed to capture possible readmissions. While patients and the study team will be unblinded following discharge, a blinded coordinator will use the length of stay function to capture the primary endpoint which is length of hospitalization.
Pain and pain medications are automatically documented in the Electronic Medical Record(EMR) for monitoring and quantification. A Wong-Baker Pain (FACES) scale is the current validated pain score used by nursing staff. Pain is recorded on a pain scale from 0-10 that matches prior landmark and contemporary studies of acute pancreatitis. Quantification of pain medication by both acetaminophen and morphine equivalents will be recorded in data collection sheets.
If patients have oral intolerance or ileus, their diet will be managed at the discretion of their treating physicians and recorded by the study team. It will be recommended that diets remain consistent and titrated in quantity per physician and patient preference; however, if there is a physician preference to change to a different diet type this will be recorded and the patient will be included in the intention to treat analysis
For severe pancreatitis that develops following enrollment, nutritional management (whether nasal jejunal tube or total parenteral nutrition) will be managed per the primary team and patients will similarly be included in the intention to treat analysis.
Gallstone pancreatitis will be diagnosed by findings of elevated or fluctuating liver enzyme tests and biliary imaging abnormalities including cholelithiasis or ductal dilation. For patients with gallstone pancreatitis who will undergo same admission cholecystectomy, patients will have diet prescribed per assigned randomization but will be made nothing by mouth (NPO) at the discretion of the surgical team in anticipation of the operation. Integration of surgery into the hospitalization may impact length of stay. Therefore, randomization will be stratified by presence of gallstone versus non-gallstone pancreatitis.
Additionally, the study protocol will not impact other strategies/treatments to manage pancreatitis. For example, alcohol counseling will be provided to those whose pancreatitis is related to heavy alcohol use regardless of randomization or the study.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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Regular Diet
Patient randomized to regular diet will begin with a regular diet.
Regular diet
Regular diet
Clear Liquid Diet
Patient randomized to clear liquid diet will begin with a clear liquid diet.
Clear Liquid Diet
Clear Liquid Diet
Interventions
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Regular diet
Regular diet
Clear Liquid Diet
Clear Liquid Diet
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
2. Presentation with acute pancreatitis as defined by two of three criterion per the Revised Atlanta Criteria guidelines: (a) Amylase or lipase \> 3x the upper limit of normal, b) Classical abdominal pain, c) Ultrasound or computed tomography of unequivocal pancreatitis. Such radiographic findings include swelling, edema, or heterogeneity of the gland or peripancreatic fluid or stranding
Exclusion Criteria
2. Incarcerated patients
3. Patients \< 18 years of age
4. Patient unable or unwilling to give informed consent
5. Patients transferred from another hospital
6. The possibility of poor oral intake for reasons other than acute pancreatitis (e.g. intubation, failure to pass an indicated swallow study for aspiration risk, anorexia secondary to active malignancy, etc)
7. Surgical intervention for infected pancreatic necrosis or pancreatic hemorrhage
8. Chronic pancreatitis based on radiographic evidence
9. Severe pancreatitis based on Revised Atlanta Criteria. Under Revised Atlanta Criteria, patients will be excluded if they have a composite Modified Marshall \>2
10. Etiologies of hypertriglyceridemia, trauma and autoimmune pancreatitis will be excluded
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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University of Southern California
OTHER
Responsible Party
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James Buxbaum
Chief of Gastroenterology Los Angeles County + University of Southern California
Principal Investigators
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James Buxbaum, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Principal Investigator
Locations
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LAC+USC Medical Center
Los Angeles, California, United States
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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James Buxbaum, MD
Role: primary
References
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Tenner S, Baillie J, DeWitt J, Vege SS; American College of Gastroenterology. American College of Gastroenterology guideline: management of acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 Sep;108(9):1400-15; 1416. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.218. Epub 2013 Jul 30.
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Jenkins A, Shapiro J. Clinical Guideline Highlights for the Hospitalist: Initial Management of Acute Pancreatitis in the Hospitalized Adult. J Hosp Med. 2019 Dec 1;14(12):764-765. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3324. Epub 2019 Oct 23.
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Jacobson BC, Vander Vliet MB, Hughes MD, Maurer R, McManus K, Banks PA. A prospective, randomized trial of clear liquids versus low-fat solid diet as the initial meal in mild acute pancreatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Aug;5(8):946-51; quiz 886. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2007.04.012. Epub 2007 Jul 5.
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Banks PA, Bollen TL, Dervenis C, Gooszen HG, Johnson CD, Sarr MG, Tsiotos GG, Vege SS; Acute Pancreatitis Classification Working Group. Classification of acute pancreatitis--2012: revision of the Atlanta classification and definitions by international consensus. Gut. 2013 Jan;62(1):102-11. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302779. Epub 2012 Oct 25.
Crockett S, Falck-Ytter Y, Wani S, Gardner TB. Acute Pancreatitis Guideline. Gastroenterology. 2018 Mar;154(4):1102. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.02.029. Epub 2018 Mar 2. No abstract available.
American Diabetes Association. 15. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020. Diabetes Care. 2020 Jan;43(Suppl 1):S193-S202. doi: 10.2337/dc20-S015.
Moraes JM, Felga GE, Chebli LA, Franco MB, Gomes CA, Gaburri PD, Zanini A, Chebli JM. A full solid diet as the initial meal in mild acute pancreatitis is safe and result in a shorter length of hospitalization: results from a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2010 Aug;44(7):517-22. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181c986b3.
Buxbaum J, Quezada M, Chong B, Gupta N, Yu CY, Lane C, Da B, Leung K, Shulman I, Pandol S, Wu B. The Pancreatitis Activity Scoring System predicts clinical outcomes in acute pancreatitis: findings from a prospective cohort study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018 May;113(5):755-764. doi: 10.1038/s41395-018-0048-1. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
Horibe M, Iwasaki E, Nakagawa A, Matsuzaki J, Minami K, Machida Y, Tamagawa H, Takimoto Y, Ueda M, Katayama T, Kawasaki S, Matsushita M, Seino T, Fukuhara S, Kanai T. Efficacy and safety of immediate oral intake in patients with mild acute pancreatitis: A randomized controlled trial. Nutrition. 2020 Jun;74:110724. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110724. Epub 2020 Jan 15.
Khan S, Ranjha WA, Tariq H, Nawaz H. Efficacy of early oral refeeding in patients of mild acute pancreatitis. Pak J Med Sci. 2017 Jul-Aug;33(4):899-902. doi: 10.12669/pjms.334.12338.
Greenberg JA, Hsu J, Bawazeer M, Marshall J, Friedrich JO, Nathens A, Coburn N, May GR, Pearsall E, McLeod RS. Clinical practice guideline: management of acute pancreatitis. Can J Surg. 2016 Apr;59(2):128-40. doi: 10.1503/cjs.015015.
Yokoe M, Takada T, Mayumi T, Yoshida M, Isaji S, Wada K, Itoi T, Sata N, Gabata T, Igarashi H, Kataoka K, Hirota M, Kadoya M, Kitamura N, Kimura Y, Kiriyama S, Shirai K, Hattori T, Takeda K, Takeyama Y, Hirota M, Sekimoto M, Shikata S, Arata S, Hirata K. Japanese guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis: Japanese Guidelines 2015. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2015 Jun;22(6):405-32. doi: 10.1002/jhbp.259. Epub 2015 May 13.
Working Party of the British Society of Gastroenterology; Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland; Pancreatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland; Association of Upper GI Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland. UK guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis. Gut. 2005 May;54 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):iii1-9. doi: 10.1136/gut.2004.057026. No abstract available.
Mirtallo JM, Forbes A, McClave SA, Jensen GL, Waitzberg DL, Davies AR; International Consensus Guideline Committee Pancreatitis Task Force. International consensus guidelines for nutrition therapy in pancreatitis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012 May;36(3):284-91. doi: 10.1177/0148607112440823. Epub 2012 Mar 28.
Working Group IAP/APA Acute Pancreatitis Guidelines. IAP/APA evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis. Pancreatology. 2013 Jul-Aug;13(4 Suppl 2):e1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.pan.2013.07.063.
Meier R, Beglinger C, Layer P, Gullo L, Keim V, Laugier R, Friess H, Schweitzer M, Macfie J; ESPEN Consensus Group. ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in acute pancreatitis. European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Clin Nutr. 2002 Apr;21(2):173-83. doi: 10.1054/clnu.2002.0543. No abstract available.
Other Identifiers
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HS-20-00375
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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