Nonpharmacologic Pain Management in FQHC Primary Care Clinics

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

500 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-11-04

Study Completion Date

2026-06-21

Brief Summary

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The goal of this study is to improve pain management and reduce opioid reliance for patients with chronic back pain in Utah Federally-Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs). The study compares the effectiveness of nonpharmacologic pain treatments using telehealth to overcome access barriers. We will use automated EHR reminders for electronic referral to teleconsult services. Our project tests adaptive treatments and uses a hybrid type I design - focused on effectiveness outcomes while gathering implementation data to inform future efforts to scale effective strategies.

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Detailed Description

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This randomized clinical trial compares the effectiveness of different strategies to provide efficacious nonpharmacologic interventions to patients with back pain seeking care in FQHCs throughout the state of Utah. The strategies evaluated are designed to overcome the barriers specific to rural and low income communities served by FQHC clinics through innovative use of telehealth resources. The randomized trial will randomize individual participants to one of two interventions strategies, one providing both a brief pain teleconsult with a 10-week telehealth physical therapy, the other uses an adaptive strategy - providing the brief pain teleconsult first, followed by the 10-week telehealth physical therapy only among those non-responsive to the brief teleconsult treatment. We will also evaluate outcomes related to the efforts to implement strategies in FQHC clinics in order to provide valuable information for future efforts to scale effective strategies into other low resource health care settings. Assessments will occur at baseline and after 12-, 26- and 52-weeks.

Conditions

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Low Back Pain Chronic Pain

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

The study design is a clinical trial testing adaptive interventions. All participants receive the Brief Pain Teleconsult in Phase I. We will randomly assign participants with 1:1 distribution to also receive 10-week Telehealth Physical Therapy during Phase I. All participants are re-assessed at 12 weeks and responder status is determined. For participants not receiving Telehealth Physical Therapy in Phase I, further treatment is based on responder status. Responders receive no further treatment. Non-responders receive the 10-week Telehealth Physical Therapy in Phase II. Participants randomized to Telehealth PT in Phase I receive no further treatment. Long-term assessments occur 26 and 52 weeks after randomization.

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Investigators Outcome Assessors

The study is outcome assessor and investigator blinded. Blinding will only be broken in emergency situations for reasons of participant safety such as a serious adverse event. If blinding is broken, either intentionally or unintentionally, the reason will be fully documented and entered on an electronic case report form. Every effort will be made to discuss the decision to break blinding with the Data Safety Monitoring Board in advance.

Study Groups

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Brief Pain Teleconsult

Participants randomized to Brief Pain Teleconsult will receive the brief teleconsult intervention in Phase 1 (1-12 weeks) Responder status to the Phase 1 treatment will be examined at the 12 week assessment. Participants determined to be non-responders will receive the Telehealth Physical Therapy intervention. Responders receive no additional treatment.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Brief Pain Teleconsult

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The Brief Pain Teleconsult intervention includes 2 sessions provided by a licensed physical therapist over about 1 week. The sessions focus on pain education from a biopsychosocial perspective that is designed to address negative pain appraisals and catastrophizing thoughts, providing advice to be active and engage in exercise and physical activity, and reassurance that activity is beneficial and safe.

Telehealth Physical Therapy

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The Telehealth Physical Therapy intervention involves weekly telehealth sessions provided over 10 weeks. Telehealth Physical Therapy is provided by a licensed physical therapist. Key components of the intervention include reinforcing biopsychosocial education messages and developing an exercise and physical activity program using cognitive behavioral principles such as goal setting and positive reinforcement. Pain coping strategies including mindful breathing and progressive relaxation techniques will be included.

Brief Pain Teleconsult plus Telehealth Physical Therapy

Participants randomized to Brief Pain Teleconsult plus Telehealth Physical Therapy will receive the brief teleconsult intervention in Phase 1 followed by the 10-week physical therapy intervention. No additional treatment is provided after the 12 week assessment.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Brief Pain Teleconsult

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The Brief Pain Teleconsult intervention includes 2 sessions provided by a licensed physical therapist over about 1 week. The sessions focus on pain education from a biopsychosocial perspective that is designed to address negative pain appraisals and catastrophizing thoughts, providing advice to be active and engage in exercise and physical activity, and reassurance that activity is beneficial and safe.

Telehealth Physical Therapy

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The Telehealth Physical Therapy intervention involves weekly telehealth sessions provided over 10 weeks. Telehealth Physical Therapy is provided by a licensed physical therapist. Key components of the intervention include reinforcing biopsychosocial education messages and developing an exercise and physical activity program using cognitive behavioral principles such as goal setting and positive reinforcement. Pain coping strategies including mindful breathing and progressive relaxation techniques will be included.

Interventions

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Brief Pain Teleconsult

The Brief Pain Teleconsult intervention includes 2 sessions provided by a licensed physical therapist over about 1 week. The sessions focus on pain education from a biopsychosocial perspective that is designed to address negative pain appraisals and catastrophizing thoughts, providing advice to be active and engage in exercise and physical activity, and reassurance that activity is beneficial and safe.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Telehealth Physical Therapy

The Telehealth Physical Therapy intervention involves weekly telehealth sessions provided over 10 weeks. Telehealth Physical Therapy is provided by a licensed physical therapist. Key components of the intervention include reinforcing biopsychosocial education messages and developing an exercise and physical activity program using cognitive behavioral principles such as goal setting and positive reinforcement. Pain coping strategies including mindful breathing and progressive relaxation techniques will be included.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Able to communicate in English or Spanish
* Age between 18-80
* Visit with an FQHC provider (in-person or via telehealth) in past 90 days
* Back pain has been an ongoing problem for at least the past 3 months, and has been a problem on at least half the days in the past 6 months
* Access to resources necessary to receive telehealth sessions (phone or 2-way video)

Exclusion Criteria

* Currently pregnant
* Currently involved in active substance use disorder treatment (other than peer support groups, AA, etc.)
* History of spine surgery in past 6 months
* Has a condition restricting participation in physical activity (i.e., unable to ambulate independently (with or without assistive device) for at least 5 minutes.
* Reason for back pain is a fracture or non-musculoskeletal condition (i.e., spinal tumor, inflammatory disorder, etc.)

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

80 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No