Evaluation of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Change of Compassion Cultivation Training in Medical Students
NCT ID: NCT04690452
Last Updated: 2022-11-04
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
40 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2020-12-11
2021-09-24
Brief Summary
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The effects of the CCT© program will be measured by means of self-report questionnaires involving different domains (mindfulness, compassion, distress, and well-being measures) at different time points (pre-intervention, inter-session assessment, post-intervention, 2-month and 6-month follow-up).
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Detailed Description
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Hypothesis:
* Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT©) program would improve psychological well-being while reducing psychological distress (stress, anxiety and depression) and burnout symptoms in medical students as compared to a waitlist control group.
* These improvements would be maintained at 2 and 6 months after finishing the program.
* Mindfulness and compassion changes and emotional-cognitive emotional regulation processes would mediate the relationship between the program and the psychological distress and well-being changes.
* Compassion skills after the program will be a protective factor for stress and worry produced by COVID-19 pandemic.
Procedure:
The study will follow a randomised waitlist controlled trial with five assessment moments (i.e., pre, inter-session, post, 2-month and 6-month follow-ups). Participants will be recruited via constitutional email and the informative screens of the Medical School at Complutense University of Madrid. Participants will be randomized to either CCT© group (N=20) or waiting list control group (N=20). The procedure will include an online assessment via Qualtrics software at the different time points, as well as the completion of a "practice diary" as the inter-session assessment one per week the day before each session.
Program description:
The Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT©) is an 8-week evidence-based standardized meditation program designed at Standford University. The CCT© is aimed at cultivating compassion and empathy toward oneself and others. The program is conducted in groups of 15-20 participants and consisting of weekly 2 hour on-line sessions (due to COVID-19 restrictions) with 20-30 minutes of daily formal meditation practices and informal compassion practices. The CCT© program will be guided by a certified instructor from the Compassion Institute. Program adherence and fidelity will be monitored through revisions of the recorded sessions. The CCT© program comprises six sequential steps: 1) Settling the mind; 2) Loving-kindness and compassion for a loved one; 3) Self-directed loving-kindness and compassion; 4) Common humanity; 5) Cultivating compassion for others; and 6) Active compassion (Tonglen).
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
OTHER
SINGLE
Study Groups
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Intervention condition
Intervention group that receive a standardized 8 weeks Compassion Cultivation Training from a faculty member certified CCT© instructor (https://www.compassioninstitute.com/about-us/teacher-directory/)
Compassion Cultivation Training
The Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT©) is an 8-week standardized meditation program conducted in groups of 15-20 participants and consisting of weekly 2 hour on-line sessions with 20-30 minutes of daily formal meditation practices and informal compassion practices. The CCT© program will be guided by a certified instructor form the Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education at Stanford University. The CCT© program comprises six sequential steps: 1) Settling the mind; 2) Loving-kindness and compassion for a loved one; 3) Self-directed loving-kindness and compassion; 4) Common humanity; 5) Cultivating compassion for others; and 6) Active compassion (Tonglen).
Waitlist control condition
The participants assigned to the waitlist control will fill in the same questionnaires as the intervention group at the different time points (i.e., pre, post, 2-month and 6-month follow-ups).
Two months after finishing the intervention, will become participants of a CCT© program themselves given by the same faculty member certified CCT© teacher as for the experimental group.
Compassion Cultivation Training
The Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT©) is an 8-week standardized meditation program conducted in groups of 15-20 participants and consisting of weekly 2 hour on-line sessions with 20-30 minutes of daily formal meditation practices and informal compassion practices. The CCT© program will be guided by a certified instructor form the Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education at Stanford University. The CCT© program comprises six sequential steps: 1) Settling the mind; 2) Loving-kindness and compassion for a loved one; 3) Self-directed loving-kindness and compassion; 4) Common humanity; 5) Cultivating compassion for others; and 6) Active compassion (Tonglen).
Interventions
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Compassion Cultivation Training
The Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT©) is an 8-week standardized meditation program conducted in groups of 15-20 participants and consisting of weekly 2 hour on-line sessions with 20-30 minutes of daily formal meditation practices and informal compassion practices. The CCT© program will be guided by a certified instructor form the Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education at Stanford University. The CCT© program comprises six sequential steps: 1) Settling the mind; 2) Loving-kindness and compassion for a loved one; 3) Self-directed loving-kindness and compassion; 4) Common humanity; 5) Cultivating compassion for others; and 6) Active compassion (Tonglen).
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Medical students at University Complutense of Madrid.
* Fluency in oral Spanish
* Providing written, informed consent
* Attendance commitment to all sessions of the program
* Internet and computer access
Exclusion Criteria
* Being under alcohol and other drugs influence during weekly sessions and assessments
* Participation in another meditation standardized program during CCT©.
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Nirakara Institute
UNKNOWN
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Blanca Rojas
Assistant Professor Faculty of Medicine
Principal Investigators
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Blanca Rojas, M.D., PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Universidad Complutense Madrid
Locations
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Universidad Complutense Madrid
Madrid, , Spain
Countries
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References
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Hojat M, Mangione S, Nasca TJ, Rattner S, Erdmann JB, Gonnella JS, Magee M. An empirical study of decline in empathy in medical school. Med Educ. 2004 Sep;38(9):934-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.01911.x.
Bellini LM, Shea JA. Mood change and empathy decline persist during three years of internal medicine training. Acad Med. 2005 Feb;80(2):164-7. doi: 10.1097/00001888-200502000-00013.
Stepien KA, Baernstein A. Educating for empathy. A review. J Gen Intern Med. 2006 May;21(5):524-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00443.x.
van Donselaar CA, Habbema JD. Recurrence after first seizure. Lancet. 1991 Jan 5;337(8732):46. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)93361-c. No abstract available.
Weingartner LA, Sawning S, Shaw MA, Klein JB. Compassion cultivation training promotes medical student wellness and enhanced clinical care. BMC Med Educ. 2019 May 10;19(1):139. doi: 10.1186/s12909-019-1546-6.
Kim SS, Kaplowitz S, Johnston MV. The effects of physician empathy on patient satisfaction and compliance. Eval Health Prof. 2004 Sep;27(3):237-51. doi: 10.1177/0163278704267037.
Rakel DP, Hoeft TJ, Barrett BP, Chewning BA, Craig BM, Niu M. Practitioner empathy and the duration of the common cold. Fam Med. 2009 Jul-Aug;41(7):494-501.
Hojat M, Louis DZ, Markham FW, Wender R, Rabinowitz C, Gonnella JS. Physicians' empathy and clinical outcomes for diabetic patients. Acad Med. 2011 Mar;86(3):359-64. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182086fe1.
Attar HS, Chandramani S. Impact of physician empathy on migraine disability and migraineur compliance. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2012 Aug;15(Suppl 1):S89-94. doi: 10.4103/0972-2327.100025.
Del Canale S, Louis DZ, Maio V, Wang X, Rossi G, Hojat M, Gonnella JS. The relationship between physician empathy and disease complications: an empirical study of primary care physicians and their diabetic patients in Parma, Italy. Acad Med. 2012 Sep;87(9):1243-9. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182628fbf.
Steinhausen S, Ommen O, Antoine SL, Koehler T, Pfaff H, Neugebauer E. Short- and long-term subjective medical treatment outcome of trauma surgery patients: the importance of physician empathy. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2014 Sep 18;8:1239-53. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S62925. eCollection 2014.
Moss J, Roberts MB, Shea L, Jones CW, Kilgannon H, Edmondson DE, Trzeciak S, Roberts BW. Healthcare provider compassion is associated with lower PTSD symptoms among patients with life-threatening medical emergencies: a prospective cohort study. Intensive Care Med. 2019 Jun;45(6):815-822. doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05601-5. Epub 2019 Mar 25.
Hojat M. Ten approaches for enhancing empathy in health and human services cultures. J Health Hum Serv Adm. 2009 Spring;31(4):412-50.
Cruz A, Buhling M, Seibel K. [Double blind study of migraine therapy with etilefrine pivalate]. Arzneimittelforschung. 1985;35(7):1086-9. German.
Related Links
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The Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education
Compassion Institute
Center for Mindful Self-Compassion
The Compassionate Mind Foundation
Other Identifiers
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BRLUCM2020-1
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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