Early Empiric Anti-Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Therapy for Sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa

NCT ID: NCT04618198

Last Updated: 2023-03-14

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

UNKNOWN

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

436 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-12-10

Study Completion Date

2025-06-25

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

In sub-Saharan Africa, tuberculosis (TB) is the etiology of 25-50% of bloodstream infections (BSIs) and the leading cause of sepsis among people living with HIV. TB BSI is associated with 20-50% mortality, and 20-25% of deaths occur within five days of admission. TB BSI is difficult to identify clinically and microbiologically. Given that the high prevalence of TB BSI is under-recognized, most patients with sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa do not receive early anti-TB therapy. The hypothesis of this study is that immediate and optimally dosed anti-TB therapy will improve 28 day mortality in patients with sepsis in Uganda and Tanzania. Therefore, the overall goal is to conduct a phase 3 multi-site open label 2x2 factorial clinical trial of 1) empiric immediate initiation of anti-TB therapy plus standard care compared to diagnosis dependent anti-TB therapy plus standard care and 2) sepsis-specific dose anti-TB therapy plus standard care compared to conventional WHO weight-based dose anti-TB therapy plus standard care for the treatment of sepsis in people living with HIV admitted to our longstanding collaborative research sites at either the Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Mbarara, Uganda, or Kilimanjaro region hospitals in Moshi, Tanzania.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

The primary objective of this clinical trial is to:

1\) To conduct a randomized 2x2 factorial clinical trial of 1) empiric immediate initiation of anti-TB therapy plus standard care vs diagnosis dependent anti-TB therapy plus standard care, 2) sepsis-specific anti-TB therapy plus standard care vs conventional WHO weight-based anti-TB therapy plus standard care for patients presenting with sepsis in Uganda and Tanzania.

1a) To determine if empiric immediate initiation of anti-TB therapy plus standard care improves 28 day mortality compared to diagnosis dependent anti-TB therapy plus standard care.

1b) To determine if sepsis-specific dose anti-TB therapy plus standard care improves 28 day mortality compared to conventional WHO weight-based anti-TB therapy plus standard care.

The secondary objectives include:

1. To determine if empiric immediate initiation of anti-TB therapy plus standard care improves in-hospital mortality compared to diagnosis dependent anti-TB therapy plus standard care.
2. To determine if sepsis-specific dose anti-TB therapy plus standard care improves in-hospital mortality compared to conventional WHO weight-based anti-TB therapy plus standard care.
3. To determine if empiric immediate initiation of anti-TB therapy plus standard care improves 6 month mortality compared to diagnosis dependent anti-TB therapy plus standard care.
4. To determine if sepsis-specific dose anti-TB therapy plus standard care improves 6 month mortality compared to conventional WHO weight-based anti-TB therapy plus standard care.
5. To determine the safety of increased dose sepsis-specific anti-TB therapy for patients with sepsis
6. To determine if early achievement of target serum drug concentrations of isoniazid and rifampin, measured at day-2 of TB treatment, associates with more rapid clinical improvement among patients with confirmed TB.

Participants will be men or women aged ≥18 years living with HIV in Tanzania or Uganda who are admitted to one of the study hospitals with sepsis, defined by a clinical concern for infection, a modified quick sepsis-related organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score ≥2 (Glasgow Coma Scale score \<15, a respiratory rate ≥22, or a systolic blood pressure ≤90 mmHg or a mean arterial pressure of ≤65 mmHg). This is a multi-site trial at Kilimanjaro region hospitals in Tanzania (Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital and Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre) and Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Mbarara, Uganda. At both regional study sites, clinical trial infrastructure has been developed over multiple TB and non-TB related interventional studies supported by the NIH and other funders including EDCTP, WHO, MRC, and BMGF with associated regulatory standards. Furthermore, both regional hospital systems have large recruitment populations serving mid-sized cities where patients receive local care and as referral hospitals for those from more peripheral settings. The study population will be enrolled from the Emergency or inpatient wards. Admission numbers of eligible patients presenting with sepsis at each site allow for a conservative estimates of 100 patients per country per year to be well within attainment.

After enrollment, patients will be randomized to 1) empiric immediate initiation of anti-TB therapy plus standard care vs diagnosis dependent anti-TB therapy plus standard care and 2) conventional WHO recommended weight-based dose anti-TB therapy with rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol plus pyridoxine, plus standard therapy; or sepsis-specific dose anti-TB therapy with rifampin (\~30mg/kg), isoniazid (\~7.5mg/kg), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol plus pyridoxine, plus standard care.

Each individual participant will complete all participant follow-up at 6 months from enrollment.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Tuberculosis HIV I Infection Sepsis

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

FACTORIAL

This is a phase 3, multi-site, open-label, randomized controlled clinical 2x2 factorial superiority trial of a) immediate initiation of anti-TB therapy and b) sepsis-specific dose anti-TB therapy for people living with HIV and presenting with sepsis to our regional study sites in Tanzania and Uganda.
Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Diagnosis dependent / conventional dose anti-TB therapy

Standard care per admitting team including ceftriaxone x 7 days

If subsequent TB test positive, then WHO recommended weight-based anti-TB therapy x 28 days

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Immediate anti-TB therapy/conventional dose anti-TB therapy

Standard care per admitting team including ceftriaxone x 7 days plus immediate empiric WHO recommended weight-based dose anti-TB therapy x 28 days

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Immediate anti-TB therapy

Intervention Type OTHER

Study participants will receive immediate empiric anti-TB therapy

Diagnosis dependent/sepsis specific dose anti-TB therapy

Standard care per admitting team including ceftriaxone x 7 days

If subsequent TB test positive, then sepsis specific dose anti-TB therapy x 28 days

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Sepsis-specific dose anti-TB therapy

Intervention Type OTHER

Study participants will receive conventional WHO weight-based dose anti-TB therapy

Immediate anti-TB therapy/sepsis specific dose anti-TB therapy

Standard care per admitting team including ceftriaxone x 7 days plus immediate empiric sepsis specific dose anti-TB therapy x 28 days

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Immediate anti-TB therapy

Intervention Type OTHER

Study participants will receive immediate empiric anti-TB therapy

Sepsis-specific dose anti-TB therapy

Intervention Type OTHER

Study participants will receive conventional WHO weight-based dose anti-TB therapy

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Immediate anti-TB therapy

Study participants will receive immediate empiric anti-TB therapy

Intervention Type OTHER

Sepsis-specific dose anti-TB therapy

Study participants will receive conventional WHO weight-based dose anti-TB therapy

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

1. Provision of signed and dated informed consent form
2. Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
3. Male or female aged ≥18 years living with HIV
4. Admitted to hospital with 1) clinical concern for infection; 2) ≥2 qSOFA score criteria (Glasgow Coma Scale score \<15, a respiratory rate ≥22, or a systolic blood pressure ≤90 mmHg or a mean arterial pressure of ≤65 mmHg)
5. Resident within a pre-defined geographic area to ensure TB clinic follow-up
6. For females of reproductive potential: use of highly effective contraception through 28 days

Exclusion Criteria

1. Known active TB or receiving anti-TB therapy
2. Pregnancy or lactation. Women will undergo urine pregnancy screening. Pregnant women will be excluded due to the possible toxicity and teratogenicity of high dose rifampin and isoniazid included in anti-TB therapy as well as possible teratogenicity of dolutegravir which is recommended as first-line antiretroviral therapy in this study.
3. Known allergic reactions to the components of the anti-TB therapy
4. Treatment with another investigational drug or other intervention within one month
5. Known liver disease
6. Alcohol use \> 14 standardized drinks per week and/or \> 4 drinks per day for men and \>7 standardized drinks per week and/or \>3 drinks per day for women, defined as 14 grams of ethanol, as found in example 5 ounces of wine, 12 ounces of beer, or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof spirits
7. Positive serum cryptococcal antigen test
8. Current treatment with a drug known to have significant interaction with anti-TB therapy
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Virginia

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Scott Heysell, MD

Associate Professor, Infectious Disease

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Christopher Moore, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Virginia

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital

Sanya Juu, , Tanzania

Site Status RECRUITING

Mbarara University Science Technology

Mbarara, , Uganda

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Tanzania Uganda

Central Contacts

Reach out to these primary contacts for questions about participation or study logistics.

Christopher Moore, MD

Role: CONTACT

434-924-9678

Scott Heysell, MD

Role: CONTACT

434-243-9064

Facility Contacts

Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.

Stellah Mpagama, MD, PhD

Role: primary

Conrad Muzoora, MD

Role: primary

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Moore CC, Jacob ST, Banura P, Zhang J, Stroup S, Boulware DR, Scheld WM, Houpt ER, Liu J. Etiology of Sepsis in Uganda Using a Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based TaqMan Array Card. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Jan 7;68(2):266-272. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy472.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29868873 (View on PubMed)

Hazard RH, Kagina P, Kitayimbwa R, Male K, McShane M, Mubiru D, Welikhe E, Moore CC, Abdallah A. Effect of Empiric Anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis Therapy on Survival Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adults Admitted With Sepsis to a Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 14;6(4):ofz140. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofz140. eCollection 2019 Apr.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31024977 (View on PubMed)

Mpagama SG, Ndusilo N, Stroup S, Kumburu H, Peloquin CA, Gratz J, Houpt ER, Kibiki GS, Heysell SK. Plasma drug activity in patients on treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014;58(2):782-8. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01549-13. Epub 2013 Nov 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24247125 (View on PubMed)

Heysell SK, Mtabho C, Mpagama S, Mwaigwisya S, Pholwat S, Ndusilo N, Gratz J, Aarnoutse RE, Kibiki GS, Houpt ER. Plasma drug activity assay for treatment optimization in tuberculosis patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Dec;55(12):5819-25. doi: 10.1128/AAC.05561-11. Epub 2011 Oct 3.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21968363 (View on PubMed)

Byashalira K, Mbelele P, Semvua H, Chilongola J, Semvua S, Liyoyo A, Mmbaga B, Mfinanga S, Moore C, Heysell S, Mpagama S. Clinical outcomes of new algorithm for diagnosis and treatment of Tuberculosis sepsis in HIV patients. Int J Mycobacteriol. 2019 Oct-Dec;8(4):313-319. doi: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_135_19.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31793499 (View on PubMed)

Said B, Nuwagira E, Liyoyo A, Arinaitwe R, Gitige C, Mushagara R, Buzaare P, Chongolo A, Jjunju S, Twesigye P, Boulware DR, Conaway M, Null M, Thomas TA, Heysell SK, Moore CC, Muzoora C, Mpagama SG. Early empiric anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis therapy for sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol of a randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open. 2022 Jun 6;12(6):e061953. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061953.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 35667721 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

U01AI150508-01A1

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

22611

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

S. Aureus Screening and Decolonization
NCT02182115 COMPLETED PHASE4