Venous Versus Arterial Blood Gas Sampling in Undifferentiated Emergency Patients

NCT ID: NCT04409470

Last Updated: 2022-06-16

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

250 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-10-11

Study Completion Date

2022-03-27

Brief Summary

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In the emergency department and intensive care unit, blood gas analysis is a crucial tool in the assessment of critically ill patients. Blood gas analysis is quick and repeatable at the bedside. The sampling can be done from both arterial and venous samples, with arterial samples generally considered to be more reliable and by that widely used as the standard method.

The purpose of this project is to compare venous and arterial blood gas parameters in undifferentiated, critically ill patients. We plan to evaluate the correlation between different parameters through a prospective observational study. In particular, carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2) correlation between venous and arterial samples is investigated by using and comparing different conversion models proposed in the literature.

250 patients deemed to be in need of arterial blood gas sampling based on their clinical condition will be included in a consecutive fashion at all hours.

The long-term goal is to clinically translate the findings into a limitation on the use of arterial sampling, which could potentially reduce pain and complication risks in the many patients who undergo arterial blood gas sampling every day.

Detailed Description

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== Practical procedures \& flowchart ==

Patients included in this study are treated according to clinical routine. After inclusion, sampling of an arterial blood gas and a venous blood gas is performed simultaneously or as close in time as possible. Because the venous blood gas analysis sample can be taken directly from the patient's peripheral venous catheter, no additional venous puncture is usually required and the additional amount of blood that may be required is approx. 1 ml (the assay requires about 500 µl). In the very rare cases where it is not possible to establish a peripheral venous catheter within a reasonable time, the sample will be acquired from a new venous puncture together with other venous routine samples.

Sampling can be carried out by doctors or nurses. The arterial and venous blood gas analysis is performed with a blood gas analyzer (ABL90) in the emergency department and is performed immediately after the sampling. Sampling times and analysis times are documented.

Survey results are routinely stored in electronic form in patient health record and also locally on the device ABL90 with social security number as ID. The data is saved for statistical analysis.

== Documentation ==

The following parameters are documented during sampling:

* Chief complaint
* Indication for sampling
* The patient's current vital signs at the time of sampling
* Ongoing oxygen treatment (flow rate)
* Size of cannula, sampling location
* Sampling times and analysis times
* Number of puncture attempts

After sampling, the following is documented:

* Analysis results of venous and arterial blood gas sample
* Final diagnosis at discharge from the emergency department

The documentation will primarily be on worksheets, which will be marked with a patient label (name / social security number) and a serial number. The worksheet will be stored together with consent forms in a locked space of Akutkliniken US Linköping.

The data will be archived in the local emergency department or at the Regional Archives in Östergötland according to applicable laws and regulations.

The result of blood gas analysis is obtained from the digital lab system in the patient record (Lab-ROS) or directly exported from the internal memory of the analyzers at the emergency department. In both cases, the results will be used for digital compilation of study data. All electronic storage of study data will be pseudonymized by linking to patients serial number.

== Statistics ==

In previous studies, the correlation between arterial and venous samples has been evaluated using several different statistical methods:

* T-test, Pearson's and Spearman's R variable
* Descriptive data are presented as mean and +/- from SD

Our intention in this study is to make a parallel comparison of previously published methods, as well as to examine, based on collected data, whether a new formula with better precision can be derived.

== The potential significance of the project ==

At present, arterial blood gas sampling is used as the standard procedure for assessing a critically ill patient in the emergency department.

The project aims to clarify the feasibility of replacing routine arterial blood gas sampling in the emergency department with venous punctures without impairing test results and patient care. If feasible, such a change in sampling routines could potentially mean a great improvement for patients in terms of pain and complication risks. Also, workflow and lead times in the emergency department could be improved by the fact that venous samples may be drawn by all clinical staff, whereas arterial samples are normally reserved for doctors and nurses with dedicated training.

Conditions

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Dyspnea Hypercapnia

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Indication for blood gas sampling

To be eligible, patients will need to be classified as critically ill and there has to be a clear clinical indication for an arterial blood gas sampling. Enrollment will be performed in a consecutive manner at all hours.

Blood gas sampling from artery and vein

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Patients included in this study are treated according to clinical routine. After inclusion, sampling of an arterial blood gas and a venous blood gas is performed simultaneously or as close in time as possible. Because the venous blood gas analysis sample can be taken directly from the patient's peripheral venous catheter, no additional venous puncture is usually required and the additional amount of blood that may be required is approx. 1 ml (the assay requires about 500 µl). In the very rare cases where it is not possible to establish a peripheral venous catheter within a reasonable time, the sample will be acquired from a new venous puncture together with other venous routine samples.

Interventions

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Blood gas sampling from artery and vein

Patients included in this study are treated according to clinical routine. After inclusion, sampling of an arterial blood gas and a venous blood gas is performed simultaneously or as close in time as possible. Because the venous blood gas analysis sample can be taken directly from the patient's peripheral venous catheter, no additional venous puncture is usually required and the additional amount of blood that may be required is approx. 1 ml (the assay requires about 500 µl). In the very rare cases where it is not possible to establish a peripheral venous catheter within a reasonable time, the sample will be acquired from a new venous puncture together with other venous routine samples.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Patients able to understand and process oral and written information and give his/her consent (within 12h), or consent provided by a close relative.
* Aged \> 18 years
* Assessed to be in need of arterial blood gas analysis

Exclusion Criteria

* Unwilling to participate, or unable to understand the provided information
* Inability to give subsequently consent (\> 12 hours) or unwillingness by close relative to provide consent.
* Pregnant
* Aged \< 18 years
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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University Hospital, Linkoeping

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Daniel Wilhelms

PhD, Emergency department head of research

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Matthias Jörg, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Emergency Department, University Hospital Linköping, Sweden

Locations

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University Hospital Linköping

Linköping, Östergötland County, Sweden

Site Status

Countries

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Sweden

References

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EMCrit, About, Josh Farkas, and The Emcrit Crew. 2017. "PulmCrit- How to Convert a VBG into an ABG." EMCrit Project. January 16, 2017. https://emcrit.org/pulmcrit/vbg-abg/.

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O'Connor TM, Barry PJ, Jahangir A, Finn C, Buckley BM, El-Gammal A. Comparison of arterial and venous blood gases and the effects of analysis delay and air contamination on arterial samples in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and healthy controls. Respiration. 2011;81(1):18-25. doi: 10.1159/000281879. Epub 2010 Feb 4.

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Shah, Shobhit, and Department of Medicine and Pulmonology, Mata Chanan Devi Hospital, Janakpuri, New Delhi. 2017. "Comparison and Agreement between Venous and Arterial Blood Gas Values for pH, pCO2, pO2, Bicarbonate and Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Acute Respiratory Illnesses." Journal of Medical Science And Clinical Research 05 (03):19069-70.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

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Related Links

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1O2IORTvjj9ElWMuTgIIEONGvXUxefBRQ7-H5NQk9r8Q/edit?usp=sharing

Complete study protocol as used for approval at the Swedish Ethical Review Authority

Other Identifiers

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SE2020-00396

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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