Aerobic Exercise in Patients With CKD

NCT ID: NCT04375553

Last Updated: 2022-01-05

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 32 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2017-01-31
• Study Completion Date: 2021-12-31

Brief Summary

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those who are on dialysis, have a high prevalence of cardiovascular mortality and among the risk factors; inflammation and oxidative stress stand out. Furthermore, recently this scenario, beyond those alterations found in these patients, it has been suggested that the imbalance gut microbiota might be a new factor of cardiovascular risk. Some treatment strategies have been studied in order to modulate the gut microbiota and inflammation, such as the implementation of exercise programs. However, the effects of exercise on the modulation of the gut microflora and inflammation have not been evaluated in these patients. The aim of this project is to investigate possible changes in gut microbiota, levels of uremic toxins and inflammatory and cardiovascular markers in CKD patients on hemodialysis, after application of a training program with aerobic exercise.

Detailed Description

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on hemodialysis (HD) patients present reduced functional capacity to approximately 50% and uremic myopathy and disuse atrophy have a significant impact on the functional capacity of these patients (Johansen, 1999; Parsons, 2006).

There are several physical exercise benefits for CKD patients, such as improved ability to perform exercises, increase of strength, quality of life and improve the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2MÁX), which contributes to the improvement of cardiovascular aspects (Johansen, 2007; Johansen, 2005; Heiwe, 2014). In fact, CKD patients who practice regular exercise have a higher survival rate (O'Hare et al., 2003).

In addition, some mechanisms regarding anti-inflammatory effects of the exercises has been proposed, such as: reduction of visceral fat which decreases the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased production and release of anti-inflammatory cytokines from muscle contraction and reduced expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in monocytes and macrophages, which decreases the pro-inflammatory response (Petersen & Pedersen, 2005; Gleeson et al., 2006).

In parallel, during exercises like running or cycling, there is an increase in capillary surface area, with opening of capillaries previously inactive, consequently increasing exchange of substances between the blood and the tissues. Thus, physical exercise could result in a greater flux of urea and associated toxins from tissue to vascular compartment, improving the efficiency of dialysis (Parsons et al., 2006; Guyton E Hall, 2017). According KDOQI (Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative), Kt/V, a measure of urea clearance, is the most frequently applied measure of the delivered dialysis dose and reflects the dialyzer effect on patient survival (KDOQI, 2015).

Despite results showing the benefits of exercise to CKD patients, they are poorly prescribed, remaining a challenge in clinical practice and high rates of physical inactivity are observed in these patients (Williams et al., 2014; Barcellos, 2018).

Some gaps still need to be filled regarding the not yet known effect of physical exercise on a number of clinical factors, thus allowing more specific and objective recommendations (Williams et al., 2014). In this context, the present study aims to verify the effects of 12-week supervised and individualized intradialytic bicycle ergometer exercise on the adequacy of dialysis, inflammatory markers and functional capacity of HD patients.

Conditions

Chronic Kidney Diseases

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Exercise group

Intradialytic aerobic exercise, 3 times a week, for 12 weeks.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Aerobic exercise

Intervention Type: OTHER

Intradialytic aerobic exercise

Non-exercise group

Without intradialytic aerobic exercise for 12 weeks.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Aerobic exercise

Intradialytic aerobic exercise

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Sedentary men and women between the ages of 18 and 60;
• patients with hemodialysis only with vascular access arteriovenous fistula who have been in dialysis for more than 6 months
• patients with hemoglobin levels greater than 10 mg / dL.

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients taking catabolizing drugs, vitamin supplements, antioxidants, probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics and antibiotics;
• patients with autoimmune, infectious, cancer, AIDS,
• patients with clinically unstable diseases (AMI less than 1 year, unstable angina, atrial fibrillation, significant cardiac arrhythmia and acute disease in the last month)
• patients with frequent hypotension during dialysis
• patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and glycemic lability;
• incapacitated to perform exercise (amputation without prosthesis);
• musculoskeletal pain at rest or with minimal physical activity,
• inability to sit or walk without assistance,
• dyspnoea at rest or at slight exertion (NYHA III and IV).
• impediment to completing the proposed exercise protocol (travel, imminent renal transplantation).

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Universidade Federal Fluminense

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Denise Mafra, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Federal university fluminense

Locations

Denise Mafra

Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Countries

Brazil

References

Brito JS, Borges NA, Reis DCMV, Silva GSD, Fonseca LDS, Ribeiro MMF, Chermut TR, Moura MC, Oliveira LC, Paiva BR, Cardozo LF, Capistrano ESM, Mafra D. Effects of intradialytic bicycle ergometer exercise on transcription factors NF-kB and Nrf2 in patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized crossover clinical trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2024 Oct;40:1492-1501. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.08.003. Epub 2024 Aug 8.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 39593477 (View on PubMed)

Brito JS, Reis D, Silva G, Fonseca L, Ribeiro M, Chermut T, Oliveira L, Borges NA, Ribeiro-Alves M, Mafra D. Bicycle ergometer exercise during hemodialysis and its impact on quality of life, aerobic fitness and dialysis adequacy: A pilot study. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2022 Nov;49:101669. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101669. Epub 2022 Sep 17.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 36152526 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Denise Mafra 5

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id