Pharmacologic Ascorbic Acid as an Activator of Lymphocyte Signaling for COVID-19 Treatment

NCT ID: NCT04363216

Last Updated: 2020-05-05

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: UNKNOWN
• Clinical Phase: PHASE2
• Total Enrollment: 66 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-05-31
• Study Completion Date: 2021-05-31

Brief Summary

There are currently no approved therapies for patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Infusion of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) has been shown to increase activity of lymphocytes, which are a crucial component of the body's defense against viral disease progression and adaptive immunity. Ascorbic acid infusion has been shown to be a safe treatment for patients suffering from sepsis and certain types of cancer. This study is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ascorbic acid in the form of sequential I.V. infusions (Ascor®) for patients with suspected COVID-19 who are unlikely to require mechanical ventilation within 24 hours of study intervention.

Detailed Description

Ascorbic acid [AA] (vitamin C) is an essential nutrient that, in addition to aiding tissue repair, also functions as an enzyme co-factor, an antioxidant, and a key component in lymphocyte development and function. Lymphocytes are responsible for adaptive immunity, the immune response following vaccination, in addition to playing a vital role in protection against viral disease progression. Both sepsis and aberrant lymphocyte activation have been associated with severe AA deficiency. We hypothesize that the administration of increasing concentrations of pharmacologic AA promotes lymphocyte activation and signaling in newly admitted, non-ventilator dependent COVID-19 patients via hydrogen peroxide generation and/or DNA de-methylation, and that this will lead to improved clinical outcomes.

This is a single-center, prospective, randomized, open-label, phase II clinical trial designed to assess the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of pharmacologic AA administration in hospitalized patients newly-diagnosed with COVID-19 who will likely not require mechanical ventilation within 24 hours of study intervention. All subjects enrolled will be pending inpatient admission or already admitted as they will require supplemental oxygen. Within 12 hours of admission to the E.D. or medical/surgical floor (rapid screens to determine eligibility must be completed within this time), patients will receive escalating pharmacologic AA over 2 hours once daily for 3 escalating doses, then continued on the highest dose for a total of 6 infusions.

Subjects will be randomized 2:1, with 66 subjects receiving AA treatments and 22 subjects receiving routine clinical care. The open-label design allows investigators to evaluate the safety and clinical progress in real-time. Any subject randomized to AA treatment who is upgraded to ICU-level care, requires high-flow O2 supplementation, or is intubated, will no longer receive AA infusions in order to maximize patient safety during this study. Given the robust safety data on the treatment, a phase II design was chosen with an interim safety analysis after 21 patients. Randomization will be stratified according to high vs. low risk of complications. Patients will be considered to be high risk if they have any of the following characteristics: age>60, hypertension, structural lung disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, immunocompromising conditions or meds (such as immunosuppressing meds in transplant patients).

Conditions

COVID-19

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: SEQUENTIAL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Treatment

Ascorbic acid solution (Ascor®, McGuff Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.) will be added to each liter of sterile wate,r plus 1 g/L magnesium chloride to reduce burning sensation, and given parenterally over a 2-hour period. On the day of enrollment (Day 0), 0.3 g/kg will be given; Day 1 - 0.6 g/kg; Day 2 - 0.9 g/kg; Day 3 - 0.9 g/kg; Day 4 - 0.9 g/kg; Day 5 - 0.9 g/kg. After the first dose, each subsequent dose will be given 24 +/- 4 hours following the previous dose.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Ascorbic Acid

Intervention Type: DRUG

Ascor® ascorbic acid 2-hour infusion daily (for 6 days), escalating dose (0.3g/kg, 0.6g/kg, 0.9g/kg).

Routine care

These subject will follow routine care and their clinical courses will be recorded only.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Ascorbic Acid

Ascor® ascorbic acid 2-hour infusion daily (for 6 days), escalating dose (0.3g/kg, 0.6g/kg, 0.9g/kg).

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Vitamin C

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Male or non-pregnant female > 18 years of age at the time of consent

2. ConfirmedSARS-CoV-2 infection

3. Disease severity necessitating hospitalization

4. Currently taking supplemental oxygen

5. No anticipated need (within 24 hours) for mechanical ventilation, defined as:

1. Positive clinical response to oxygen supplementation with improvement in hypoxia or

2. Hypoxia improvement with bronchospasm therapy if bronchospasm present

Exclusion Criteria

1. eGFR < 50

2. Known Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency

3. Anticipated need for mechanical ventilation within 24 hours

4. Pregnant or breastfeeding

5. Requires home oxygen for any reason

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Thomas Jefferson University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Dagan Coppock, M.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Thomas Jefferson University

Daniel Monti, M.D.

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Thomas Jefferson University

Central Contacts

Michael W Foster, M.D.

Role: CONTACT

mxf314@jefferson.edu

6107160962

Melissa McCarey

Role: CONTACT

melissa.mccarey@jefferson.edu

267 503-7417

Other Identifiers

JT#15681

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id