Defining the Optimal Location to Place an Adductor Canal Block

NCT ID: NCT04298476

Last Updated: 2020-03-06

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

UNKNOWN

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

80 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-03-01

Study Completion Date

2020-12-31

Brief Summary

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The aim of the current project is to address a gap in the existing literature related to optimal placement of local anesthetic for an adductor canal (AC) block. The current study seeks to examine whether placement of the local anesthetic in the AC for knee surgery is more effective at reducing post-operative pain following arthroscopic knee surgery compared to a control. Specifically, if the anesthetic is more beneficial than the control group, the research will determine which location is optimal by comparing groups that receive anesthetic in the midpoint of the thigh, the proximal end of the thigh, or the distal end of the thigh.

Detailed Description

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Although there has been an abundance of literature highlighting the efficacy of using regional blocks to decrease post-operative pain, the exact location of placement of local anesthetic for anesthetizing the nerves in the AC is unknown for optimal pain relief in patients undergoing knee surgery. The saphenous nerve consistently lies in the AC at various points of local anesthetic deposit, however there are many other nerves that lie in the canal that may branch off proximally or distally from the AC that are important to target in achieving optimal pain relief for patients undergoing knee arthroscopy.1-3 The AC is bounded in a triangular shape by the vastus medialis anterolaterally, the sartorius medially, and the adductor longus/adductor magnus posteriorly. The canal contains the deep femoral artery and the deep femoral vein. The saphenous nerve consistently lies within this canal, a significant sensory contributor to the knee.1-3 Other branches of the femoral nerve can also be found in the AC. The nerve to the vastus medialis (NVM) and the posterior branches of the obtruator nerve (PON) can also be found, although inconsistently, in the AC at various locations.4,5 These nerves are thought to innervate the knee as well and contribute to pain when missed during this block. The course of these nerves is unknown. While some surmise that the NVM branches proximally and the PON branches distally, there is no consensus on this.

Currently, an AC block is most often placed in the mid-thigh as measured by visual observation. The investigators seek to investigate where along the tract of the AC would be optimal to place local anesthetic to optimize analgesia on all nerves that innervate the knee without having motor loss as would occur with a femoral nerve block

Conditions

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Knee Arthropathy

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

FACTORIAL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

TRIPLE

Participants Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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A

Saline will be placed in syringe instead of ropivicaine 0.2% and the nerve block will be placed in the adductor canal at the desired location by the anesthesiologist

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placement of an adductor canal nerve block

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

An adductor canal nerve block will be placed in a patient undergoing a knee arthroscopy in 1 of 3 locations with local anesthetic or placebo (without location definition or local anesthetic) to assess optimal placement of local anesthetic, pain management and anxiety scores post operatively.

B

An adductor canal block will be placed with local anesthetic in the proximal 1/3 of the operative leg

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Placement of an adductor canal nerve block

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

An adductor canal nerve block will be placed in a patient undergoing a knee arthroscopy in 1 of 3 locations with local anesthetic or placebo (without location definition or local anesthetic) to assess optimal placement of local anesthetic, pain management and anxiety scores post operatively.

C

An adductor canal block will be placed with local anesthetic in the middle 1/3 of the operative leg

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Placement of an adductor canal nerve block

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

An adductor canal nerve block will be placed in a patient undergoing a knee arthroscopy in 1 of 3 locations with local anesthetic or placebo (without location definition or local anesthetic) to assess optimal placement of local anesthetic, pain management and anxiety scores post operatively.

D

An adductor canal block will be placed with local anesthetic in the distal 1/3 of the operative leg

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Placement of an adductor canal nerve block

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

An adductor canal nerve block will be placed in a patient undergoing a knee arthroscopy in 1 of 3 locations with local anesthetic or placebo (without location definition or local anesthetic) to assess optimal placement of local anesthetic, pain management and anxiety scores post operatively.

Interventions

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Placement of an adductor canal nerve block

An adductor canal nerve block will be placed in a patient undergoing a knee arthroscopy in 1 of 3 locations with local anesthetic or placebo (without location definition or local anesthetic) to assess optimal placement of local anesthetic, pain management and anxiety scores post operatively.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Patient is 7 to ≤ 17 years of age
* Patient at St. Christopher's Hospital for Children
* Receiving a knee arthroscopy procedure
* English speaking

Exclusion Criteria

* Patient is less than 7 years of age or over 17 years of age
* Patient has cognitive impairments
* Patient had previous operations on the same lower extremity as the current knee arthroscopy
* Patient has a positive B-HCG (identified through urine or blood test)
* Patient does not speak English
Minimum Eligible Age

7 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

17 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Drexel University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Aysha Hasan

Pediatric Anesthesiologist

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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St. Christopher's Hospital for Children

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

Facility Contacts

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Ross Budziszewski, Masters of Science

Role: primary

2154274619

Aysha Hasan, MD

Role: backup

2154275220

References

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Wong WY, Bjorn S, Strid JM, Borglum J, Bendtsen TF. Defining the Location of the Adductor Canal Using Ultrasound. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017 Mar/Apr;42(2):241-245. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000539.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28002228 (View on PubMed)

Bendtsen T.F., Lopez A.M., Clark T.B. (2018). Ultrasound-Guided Saphenous (Subsartorius/Adductor Canal) Nerve Block. NYSORA Continuing Medical Education. Retrieved from https://www.nysora.com/ultrasound-guided-saphenous-subsartoriusadductor-canal-nerve-block

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Burckett-St Laurant D, Peng P, Giron Arango L, Niazi AU, Chan VW, Agur A, Perlas A. The Nerves of the Adductor Canal and the Innervation of the Knee: An Anatomic Study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 May-Jun;41(3):321-7. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000389.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27015545 (View on PubMed)

Quemby D. & McEwen A. (2014). Ultrasound Guided Adductor Canal Block (Saphenous Nerve Block). Anesthesia Tutorial of the Week. Retrieved from https://www.aagbi.org/sites/default/files/301%20Ultrasound%20Guided%20Adductor%20Canal%20(Saphenous%20Nerve)%20Block.pdf

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Runge C, Moriggl B, Borglum J, Bendtsen TF. The Spread of Ultrasound-Guided Injectate From the Adductor Canal to the Genicular Branch of the Posterior Obturator Nerve and the Popliteal Plexus: A Cadaveric Study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017 Nov/Dec;42(6):725-730. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000675.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28937534 (View on PubMed)

Ersig AL, Kleiber C, McCarthy AM, Hanrahan K. Validation of a clinically useful measure of children's state anxiety before medical procedures. J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2013 Oct;18(4):311-9. doi: 10.1111/jspn.12042. Epub 2013 Jun 25.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24094126 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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1901006926

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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