Dynamic Balance, Flexibility and Agility as Predictors of Lower-extremity Injury in Football Players
NCT ID: NCT04232527
Last Updated: 2020-08-28
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
110 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2020-01-20
2020-08-26
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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The study aims to determine whether dynamic balance and flexibility tests can be used as reliable predictors of lower limb injuries in football players and whether reduced agility influences the increased risk of injury.
Conditions
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Study Design
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COHORT
PROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
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Professional Footballers
About 110 players (out of about 400 competing in the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina) would be included in the research.
Y Balance Test
The footballer will place one foot on the stationary platform of the test set during the test so that the top of the sneaker does not exceed the starting line. The second foot, or the tip of the foot, will push the movable part of the platform down the measuring tube, which is marked by half-inch intervals. Any lifting of the standing leg on the heel, on the toes or loss of balance will be considered a mistake and the attempt will be repeated. Mobility will be tested through 3 trial and 3 valid measurements of the lower limbs in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. The arms should rest on the hips.
Sit and Reach Test
This test involves sitting on the floor with your legs stretched straight forward. Shoes should be removed. The feet themselves are set straight against the box. Both knees must be stretched. With the palms facing down and the palms side-by-side or side-by-side, the subject approaches the measurement line as far as possible. It is important to keep your hands in the same position level, not that one reaches further than the other. Once the subject has reached the maximum distance, hold this position for one to two seconds and record the distance.
"Maximum Legs Abduction" Test
Seated legs abduction is a test to assess the flexibility of the groin region. Respondent without the shoe sits with its back and head resting against the wall. As a sign, the subject extends the legs (stretches) to the maximum extent. During the test, the legs should not be bent at the knee joint.
S_RAG (reactive agility)" Test
The test consist of fast-moving forward, and a change of direction conditioned by visual stimuli.
S_CODS (change of direction speed) Test
S\_CODS (change of direction speed) is a test that allows athletes to outperform their opponents in situations where they can pre-define a movement pattern.
Interventions
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Y Balance Test
The footballer will place one foot on the stationary platform of the test set during the test so that the top of the sneaker does not exceed the starting line. The second foot, or the tip of the foot, will push the movable part of the platform down the measuring tube, which is marked by half-inch intervals. Any lifting of the standing leg on the heel, on the toes or loss of balance will be considered a mistake and the attempt will be repeated. Mobility will be tested through 3 trial and 3 valid measurements of the lower limbs in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. The arms should rest on the hips.
Sit and Reach Test
This test involves sitting on the floor with your legs stretched straight forward. Shoes should be removed. The feet themselves are set straight against the box. Both knees must be stretched. With the palms facing down and the palms side-by-side or side-by-side, the subject approaches the measurement line as far as possible. It is important to keep your hands in the same position level, not that one reaches further than the other. Once the subject has reached the maximum distance, hold this position for one to two seconds and record the distance.
"Maximum Legs Abduction" Test
Seated legs abduction is a test to assess the flexibility of the groin region. Respondent without the shoe sits with its back and head resting against the wall. As a sign, the subject extends the legs (stretches) to the maximum extent. During the test, the legs should not be bent at the knee joint.
S_RAG (reactive agility)" Test
The test consist of fast-moving forward, and a change of direction conditioned by visual stimuli.
S_CODS (change of direction speed) Test
S\_CODS (change of direction speed) is a test that allows athletes to outperform their opponents in situations where they can pre-define a movement pattern.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Age above 18 years
* Voluntary access to research
Exclusion Criteria
* Refusal to take the research,
* Remaining in the club until the end of the examination,
* Errors in keeping records of injuries by responsible persons,
* Injuries to the lower limbs in the last ten days,
* Vestibular disorders.
18 Years
40 Years
MALE
No
Sponsors
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Dragan Mijatović
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Dragan Mijatović
Master of Physiotherapy, Postgraduate Study in Health Sciences
Principal Investigators
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Damir Sekulić, PhD
Role: STUDY_CHAIR
KIF Split
Locations
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NK "Široki Brijeg"
Široki Brijeg, , Bosnia and Herzegovina
Countries
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References
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Jones BH, Cowan DN, Tomlinson JP, Robinson JR, Polly DW, Frykman PN. Epidemiology of injuries associated with physical training among young men in the army. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993 Feb;25(2):197-203.
van Mechelen W. Running injuries. A review of the epidemiological literature. Sports Med. 1992 Nov;14(5):320-35. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199214050-00004.
Kinzey SJ, Armstrong CW. The reliability of the star-excursion test in assessing dynamic balance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998 May;27(5):356-60. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1998.27.5.356.
Greenberg ET, Barle M, Glassmann E, Jung MK. INTERRATER AND TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY OF THE Y BALANCE TEST IN HEALTHY, EARLY ADOLESCENT FEMALE ATHLETES. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2019 Apr;14(2):204-213.
Lee SK, Ahn SH. Effects of balance evaluation comparison of dynamic balance and Y balance. J Exerc Rehabil. 2018 Dec 27;14(6):939-943. doi: 10.12965/jer.1836494.247. eCollection 2018 Dec.
Sheppard JM, Young WB. Agility literature review: classifications, training and testing. J Sports Sci. 2006 Sep;24(9):919-32. doi: 10.1080/02640410500457109.
Sekulic D, Spasic M, Mirkov D, Cavar M, Sattler T. Gender-specific influences of balance, speed, and power on agility performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Mar;27(3):802-11. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31825c2cb0.
Brunner R, Friesenbichler B, Casartelli NC, Bizzini M, Maffiuletti NA, Niedermann K. Effectiveness of multicomponent lower extremity injury prevention programmes in team-sport athletes: an umbrella review. Br J Sports Med. 2019 Mar;53(5):282-288. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098944. Epub 2018 Sep 10.
Robinson RH, Gribble PA. Support for a reduction in the number of trials needed for the star excursion balance test. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008 Feb;89(2):364-70. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.139.
Sisic N, Jelicic M, Pehar M, Spasic M, Sekulic D. Agility performance in high-level junior basketball players: the predictive value of anthropometrics and power qualities. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2016 Jul-Aug;56(7-8):884-93. Epub 2015 May 5.
Kiesel K, Plisky P, Butler R. Functional movement test scores improve following a standardized off-season intervention program in professional football players. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011 Apr;21(2):287-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01038.x.
Caraffa A, Cerulli G, Projetti M, Aisa G, Rizzo A. Prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer. A prospective controlled study of proprioceptive training. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1996;4(1):19-21. doi: 10.1007/BF01565992.
McGuine TA, Keene JS. The effect of a balance training program on the risk of ankle sprains in high school athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2006 Jul;34(7):1103-11. doi: 10.1177/0363546505284191. Epub 2006 Feb 13.
Lisman P, Nadelen M, Hildebrand E, Leppert K, de la Motte S. Functional movement screen and Y-Balance test scores across levels of American football players. Biol Sport. 2018 Sep;35(3):253-260. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2018.77825. Epub 2018 Aug 27.
Wong TKK, Ma AWW, Liu KPY, Chung LMY, Bae YH, Fong SSM, Ganesan B, Wang HK. Balance control, agility, eye-hand coordination, and sport performance of amateur badminton players: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Jan;98(2):e14134. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000014134.
Sipe CL, Ramey KD, Plisky PP, Taylor JD. Y-Balance Test: A Valid and Reliable Assessment in Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2019 Sep 1;27(5):663-669. doi: 10.1123/japa.2018-0330.
Other Identifiers
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DMijatovic
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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