Effect of LOW-molecular-weight Heparin in Reducing Radial Artery Occlusion Rate After Transradial Coronary Catheterization

NCT ID: NCT04196309

Last Updated: 2021-07-30

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE4
• Total Enrollment: 60 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2017-05-25
• Study Completion Date: 2020-12-31

Brief Summary

The purpose of the LOW-RAO study is to determine the most effective treatment for radial artery occlusion (RAO) after transradial coronary catheterization (both angiography and PCI). This is a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled, open-label study that will randomize patients with RAO into two groups, one receiving anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight-heparin (LMWH) and the other receiving no anticoagulation. RAO will be detected by radial artery ultrasound up to 24 hours after the procedure.

Study objectives:

1. Primary objective:

a. To evaluate the effect of treatment with LMWH, in patients (both symptomatic and asymptomatic) with RAO after a coronary catheterization procedure (both angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention-PCI), in improving patency rates of the radial artery at 1 month after the procedure, compared with no-LMWH treatment.

2. Secondary objectives:

1. To compare RAO as defined by different methods (pulse palpation, modified Allen's test, reverse Barbeau test, radial artery ultrasound).

2. To compare local access site and systemic complications (bleeding events, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula) at 1 month after the procedure in the LMWH and no-LMWH groups.

3. To evaluate RAO incidence in coronary angiography and PCI groups.

4. To determine risk factors for RAO in coronary catheterization procedures.

Detailed Description

The use of the radial artery as an access site for coronary catheterization procedures, is constantly increasing because of lower rate of access site complications, shorter hospital stay, improved patient comfort and safe hemostasis. Radial artery occlusion remains a concern after transradial procedures, with a varied incidence, ranging from 5 to 38% as reported in the literature and probably reflecting different evaluation methods (pulse palpation versus ultrasound).

Although perceived as usually asymptomatic, registry data report that RAO may be symptomatic in up to 58.8% of patients, presenting as pain in the forearm, numbness/ paresthesia, paresis or acute ischemia. Moreover RAO excludes the affected vessel from future catheterization procedures, hemodialysis shunts, invasive hemodynamic monitoring, coronary arterial bypass grafting.

Spontaneous recanalization of the vessel after RAO ranges from 5.4 to 47% at 1-month follow up. Today there is no evidence-based therapy, in the frame of a randomized control study, for the treatment of RAO. Heparinization has been found to be effective in reducing the occurrence of radial artery occlusion and short-term treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in symptomatic patients increases the patency rate of the radial artery after coronary catheterization procedures, without increasing bleeding complications, as depicted by registry data.

This is a prospective, randomized, multicenter study that will enroll, after informed written consent, all consecutive patients presenting with RAO, after a coronary catheterization procedure (both angiography and PCI) through the transradial access and having successfully received at least one radial artery sheath of any size at the end of the procedure.

RAO will be diagnosed by radial artery ultrasound (2D, Doppler, colour) performed in all patients after sheath removal and successful local hemostasis and before hospital discharge. Clinical evaluation of radial artery patency with pulse palpation, modified Allen's test and reverse Barbeau test will be also applied in all patients.

Patients diagnosed with RAO will be randomized 1:1 into two groups:

1. Treatment group, that will receive LMWH (tinzaparin) for 1 month (at body-weight-adjusted therapeutic dose).

2. Control group, that will not receive additional LMWH. All asymptomatic patients, with patent radial artery at initial work-up, will be provided with the opportunity to return to the center for further evaluation, clinically and by ultrasound, if they become symptomatic at any time after hospital discharge, in order to diagnose late RAO.

They will also be provided with the opportunity to be randomized to LMWH or not in case RAO is diagnosed and after informed written consent.

Patients already on anticoagulation for any other reason will neither be excluded nor randomized, but will be followed-up as the randomized ones, in order to collect data from this patient population.

All patients with RAO will be re-evaluated by radial artery ultrasound at 1-, 2- 4- weeks to determine radial artery patency and record any bleeding complications according to the EASY (Early Discharge After Transradial Stenting of Coronary Arteries) Hematoma Classification and the BARC (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium) bleeding definition.

Conditions

Arterial Occlusion

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Tinzaparin group

LMWH (tinzaparin) for 1 month (at body-weight-adjusted therapeutic dose)

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

low molecular weight heparin

Intervention Type: DRUG

LMWH (tinzaparin) at body-weight-adjusted therapeutic dose (175 anti-Xa IU/kg subcutaneously once daily)

Control group

No intervention

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

low molecular weight heparin

LMWH (tinzaparin) at body-weight-adjusted therapeutic dose (175 anti-Xa IU/kg subcutaneously once daily)

Intervention Type: DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients (both male and female) undergoing a coronary catheterization procedure (both angiography and PCI) through the transradial access and having successfully received at least one radial artery sheath of any size at the end of the procedure.
• Radial artery occlusion confirmed by ultrasound (2D, Doppler, colour)

Exclusion Criteria

• Age < 18 years
• Unable to provide informed written consent
• Any contraindication to receive LMWH.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

AHEPA University Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Matthaios Didagelos

Co-Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Antonios Ziakas, MD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

1st Cardiology Department, University General Hospital AHEPA, Thessaloniki

Matthaios V. Didagelos, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

1st Cardiology Department, University General Hospital AHEPA, Thessaloniki

Locations

1st Cardiology Department, University General Hospital AHEPA

Thessaloniki, , Greece

Countries

Greece

References

Didagelos M, Pagiantza A, Zegkos T, Papanastasiou C, Zarra K, Angelopoulos V, Kouparanis A, Peteinidou E, Sianos G, Karvounis H, Ziakas A. Low-molecular-weight heparin in radial artery occlusion treatment: the LOW-RAO randomized study. Future Cardiol. 2022 Feb;18(2):91-100. doi: 10.2217/fca-2021-0067. Epub 2021 Aug 16.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 34397270 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

427/01-06-2018

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

79/09-02-2018

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id