Pre-IVF Treatment With a GnRH Antagonist in Women With Endometriosis

NCT ID: NCT04173169

Last Updated: 2025-06-04

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE3
• Total Enrollment: 103 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-03-15
• Study Completion Date: 2025-05-02

Brief Summary

A Phase 3 clinical trial of oral GnRH antagonist pre-treatment for women with endometriosis who are undergoing IVF, with a primary outcome of live birth rate. The investigators' central hypothesis is that in infertile woman with endometriosis undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), live birth rates will improve in those pretreated with GnRH antagonist compared to those not pretreated with GnRH antagonist.

Detailed Description

Infertility is a common complication of endometriosis; while IVF successfully treats endometriosis-associated infertility, pregnancy rates are diminished compared to other etiologies of infertility. The study's long- term objectives are to better identify and treat endometriosis related infertility. The investigators' central hypothesis is that in infertile woman with endometriosis undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), live birth rates will improve in those pretreated with GnRH antagonist compared to those not pretreated with GnRH antagonist. The use of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist prior to IVF has been suggested to improve success, however studies have been small and rarely reported live birth rates. Further, use of this approach is limited by the long treatment time required. Recent approval of an oral GnRH antagonist for endometriosis provides a novel option for women with endometriosis who are undergoing IVF. This agent avoids parenteral administration and the prolonged delay in initiation of action as was seen with GnRH agonists. There have been no studies on the efficacy of GnRH antagonists for the treatment of endometriosis-related infertility. The investigators propose a clinical trial of oral GnRH antagonist pre-treatment for women with endometriosis who are undergoing IVF, with a primary outcome of live birth rate. Participants will include those who agree to be randomized and those who do not want to be randomized. Those who agree to be randomized will be randomly assigned to either the elagolix group or placebo group. Those who do not want to be randomized can choose either the active treatment elagolix and follow the same procedures as those agreeing to be randomized or continue their ongoing or planned IVF and follow standard of care (SOC) (SOC IVF) if they do not want to delay the IVF procedure.

Conditions

Infertility; Endometriosis

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: TRIPLE

Study Groups

Pre-IVF Treatment with 60 day course of oral GnRH antagonist

For those who agree to be randomized, subjects will be randomized to elagolix 200mg BID. The medication will be taken orally and subjects will be counseled to take the medication at the same time each day. This arm will also include participants who do not want to be randomized while choose elagolix.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Elagolix 200 MG

Intervention Type: DRUG

Elagolix tablet

Pre-IVF Treatment with 60 day course of Placebo or SOC IVF

For those who agree to be randomized, subjects will be randomized to placebo, BID. The medication will be taken orally and subjects will be counseled to take the medication at the same time each day. This arm will also include participants who want to continue their ongoing or planned IVF and follow standard of care (SOC) (SOC IVF) if they do not want to delay the IVF procedure.

Group Type: OTHER

Placebo or SOC IVF

Intervention Type: OTHER

Sugar pill manufactured to mimic Elagolix 200mg

Interventions

Elagolix 200 MG

Elagolix tablet

Intervention Type: DRUG

Placebo or SOC IVF

Sugar pill manufactured to mimic Elagolix 200mg

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

Orlissa

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Women who plan to undergo IVF for treatment of infertility.

2. Age ≥18 and <40 years at time of egg retrieval or signing informed consent.

3. Documentation of diagnosis of endometriosis by surgical visualization of endometriosis (laparoscopy or laparotomy) or diagnosis by pathology within the last 10 years before the initial trial entry visit or documentation of ovarian endometrioma >2 cm or two or more smaller endometriomas that total >2 cm in diameter. If entry is based on the presence of an endometrioma, transvaginal ultrasound evaluation must document the same unambiguous endometrioma on two separate occasions in more than one menstrual cycle. Images will be printed or transmitted electronically and read centrally by investigators at Yale to assure uniform diagnostic criteria (classic ground glass appearance) are applied.

4. Body mass index (BMI) of 18-40 kg/m2 (both inclusive) at screening.

5. AMH > 0.5ng/ml, within 12 months of a fresh IVF cycle start. For frozen embryo transfers (FET) , AMH level eligibility criteria may not be met as long as the patient has at least one good quality blastocyst stored for the FET.

6. No known uterine cavity abnormalities at time of screening. Uterine cavity assessment by sonohysterogram or hysteroscopy within 12 months of embryo transfer indicating absence of focal intracavitary pathology and hence establishing adequate cavity at the time of embryo transfer. Ultrasound or MRI features suggestive of adenomyosis will be acceptable for inclusion. Type 3 fibroids are allowed up to 4cm size.

7. Presence of at least one ovary with no clinically significant abnormalities other than endometrioma. For eligible women with evidence of a hemorrhagic ovarian cyst, a repeat US will be needed in a subsequent menstrual cycle to ensure persistent cyst for patient to be deemed eligible.

8. Negative urine or cervical swab for gonorrhea and chlamydia within 12 months of screening.

9. Willing and able to comply with trial procedures, including reporting of obstetrical outcomes after delivery.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Use of depot GnRH agonists within 6 months of study start. Use of subcutaneous antagonists or nasal agonist within 2 months of study start unless part of regular IVF or previous IUI cycle°.

2. Use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) (injectable) or birth control implants (e.g., Implanon® or Nexplanon®) within 6 months of study start°.

3. Continuous use of oral progestins (MPA, NETA) within 1 month of study start°.

4. Use of aromatase inhibitors, danazol or hormonal contraceptives (Including combined oral contraceptive pill, progestin-only pill, transdermal patch or contraceptive ring, or double barrier contraception) within 1 month of study start.

5. Pregnancy greater than 8 weeks in length within the last 6 months.

6. Number of previous IVF/ICSI attempts ≥3 unsuccessful (negative pregnancy test).

7. Presence of hydrosalpinx measuring >2cm on ultrasound, untreated endometrial polyps or intrauterine adhesions.

8. Abnormal cytology on a cervical screening based on the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guidelines and patient age. (CIN1 or HPV allowed to participate in the study, CIN2 excluded unless treated and cleared, CIN3 excluded).

9. History of malignancy within 5 years of the start of screening, except for treated basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.

10. Any thoughts of suicide in the last 12 months per self-report, or documented in the electronic medical record (EMR).

11. Hypersensitivity to the study drugs.

12. Planned surgical treatment of endometriosis or planned surgery in the abdominal-pelvic area within the duration of the trial.

13. Untreated abnormal prolactin or TSH

14. Any conditions that preclude pregnancy.

15. Patients with a known history of a low-trauma fracture or other risk factors for osteoporosis or bone loss.

16. Patients with cirrhosis or abnormal LFTs per self report or documented in the electronic medical record (EMR).

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Eligible Sex: FEMALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of Colorado, Denver

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Northwestern University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of North Carolina

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Yale University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

David Weinberg, PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

Hugh Taylor, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Yale University

Heping Zhang, PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Yale University

Nanette Santoro, MD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

University of Colorado, Denver

Emily Jungheim, MD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Northwestern University

Steven Young, MD, PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Duke University

Abisola Tepede, PharmD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

Locations

University of Colorado Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Yale School of Medicine Dept.of Ob/Gyn & Reproductive Sciences

New Haven, Connecticut, United States

Northwestern University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Johns Hopkins, Division of Reproductive Science and Women's Health Research

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Duke Fertility

Morrisville, North Carolina, United States

Countries

United States

References

Taylor H, Li HJ, Carson S, Flores V, Pal L, Robbins J, Santoro NF, Segars JH, Seifer D, Huang H, Young S, Zhang H. Pre-IVF treatment with a GnRH antagonist in women with endometriosis (PREGNANT): study protocol for a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2022 Jun 17;12(6):e052043. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052043.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 35715184 (View on PubMed)

Pretzel S, Kuhn K, Pal L, Polotsky A, Taylor HS, Zhang H, Robins J, Young SL, Santoro N. Willingness of Women with Endometriosis Planning to Undergo IVF to Participate in a Randomized Clinical Trial and the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Potential Participation. Reprod Sci. 2022 Feb;29(2):620-626. doi: 10.1007/s43032-021-00705-0. Epub 2021 Aug 6.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 34363198 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

1R01HD100336-01

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

2000027121

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id