Predicting the Success of Dry Eye Disease Interventions Using Clinical Tests
NCT ID: NCT04125134
Last Updated: 2025-09-22
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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TERMINATED
PHASE4
36 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2019-10-03
2025-07-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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NON_RANDOMIZED
SINGLE_GROUP
OTHER
NONE
Study Groups
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Hypertonic Saline Responders
Subjects who qualify as hypertonic saline responders will be instructed to instill 1-2 drops of preservative-free Refresh Optive Advanced Lubricant Eye Drops, which are available over the counter, into each eye twice a day for 28 days.
Preservative-free Refresh Optive Advanced Lubricant Eye Drops
over the counter artificial tear
Hypertonic Saline Non-responders
Subjects who qualify as hypertonic saline non-responders will be dispensed the same instructions and treatment as the Hypertonic Saline Responders. They will be instructed to instill 1-2 drops of preservative-free Refresh Optive Advanced Lubricant Eye Drops, which are available over the counter, into each eye twice a day for 28 days.
Preservative-free Refresh Optive Advanced Lubricant Eye Drops
over the counter artificial tear
Interventions
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Preservative-free Refresh Optive Advanced Lubricant Eye Drops
over the counter artificial tear
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* At least 18 years of age
* Ability to consent
* Diagnosis of Dry Eye Disease (DED) based on:
* Symptoms of DED, shown with SANDE score of 50mm or greater
* Two or more of the following objective signs in the same eye: 1. Schirmer test of 10 mm or less over 5 minutes; 2. Fluorescein tear break-up time (FTBUT) of 7 seconds or less; 3. Meibomian gland expression (MGE) grade of 2 or greater for at least 3 out of 5 glands
* HS response result of one of the following:
* Reduction of discomfort/pain rating
* No change of discomfort/pain rating
* Increase in discomfort/pain rating score of 1 step or less
Group 2 (Hypertonic saline non-responders):
* At least 18 years of age
* Ability to consent
* Diagnosis of DED based on:
* Symptoms of DED, shown with SANDE score 50mm or greater
* Two or more of the following objective signs in the same eye: 1. Schirmer test of 10 mm or less over 5 minutes; 2. Fluorescein tear break-up time (FTBUT) of 7 seconds or less; 3. Meibomian gland expression (MGE) grade of 2 or greater for at least 3 out of 5 glands
* HS response result of an increase in discomfort/pain rating of greater than 1 step
Exclusion Criteria
* Unable to speak English
* History of ocular surgery, corneal infection, or corneal injury within the last 3 months
* Active ocular allergies or other condition that could impact the study results
* Allergic to benzalkonium chloride "BAK" (an eye-drop preservative)
* Changes in topical or systemic medications in the last 3 months or anticipated changes in medication during the course of treatment
* Use of other topical treatments
* Concurrent enrollment in other studies that in the opinion of the investigator will interfere with the results of this study
* Use of contact lenses within the last month
18 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Tufts Medical Center
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Stephanie Cox, OD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Tufts Medical Center New England Eye Center
Locations
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Tufts Medical Center-New England Eye Center
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Countries
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References
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Belmonte C, Aracil A, Acosta MC, Luna C, Gallar J. Nerves and sensations from the eye surface. Ocul Surf. 2004 Oct;2(4):248-53. doi: 10.1016/s1542-0124(12)70112-x.
Shaheen BS, Bakir M, Jain S. Corneal nerves in health and disease. Surv Ophthalmol. 2014 May-Jun;59(3):263-85. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.09.002. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
Oliveira-Soto L, Efron N. Morphology of corneal nerves using confocal microscopy. Cornea. 2001 May;20(4):374-84. doi: 10.1097/00003226-200105000-00008.
Tepelus TC, Chiu GB, Huang J, Huang P, Sadda SR, Irvine J, Lee OL. Correlation between corneal innervation and inflammation evaluated with confocal microscopy and symptomatology in patients with dry eye syndromes: a preliminary study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2017 Sep;255(9):1771-1778. doi: 10.1007/s00417-017-3680-3. Epub 2017 May 20.
Labbe A, Liang Q, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Xu L, Baudouin C, Sun X. Corneal nerve structure and function in patients with non-sjogren dry eye: clinical correlations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Aug 1;54(8):5144-50. doi: 10.1167/iovs.13-12370.
Villani E, Magnani F, Viola F, Santaniello A, Scorza R, Nucci P, Ratiglia R. In vivo confocal evaluation of the ocular surface morpho-functional unit in dry eye. Optom Vis Sci. 2013 Jun;90(6):576-86. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e318294c184.
Labbe A, Alalwani H, Van Went C, Brasnu E, Georgescu D, Baudouin C. The relationship between subbasal nerve morphology and corneal sensation in ocular surface disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Jul 24;53(8):4926-31. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-8708.
Benitez-Del-Castillo JM, Acosta MC, Wassfi MA, Diaz-Valle D, Gegundez JA, Fernandez C, Garcia-Sanchez J. Relation between corneal innervation with confocal microscopy and corneal sensitivity with noncontact esthesiometry in patients with dry eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Jan;48(1):173-81. doi: 10.1167/iovs.06-0127.
Kheirkhah A, Dohlman TH, Amparo F, Arnoldner MA, Jamali A, Hamrah P, Dana R. Effects of corneal nerve density on the response to treatment in dry eye disease. Ophthalmology. 2015 Apr;122(4):662-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.11.006. Epub 2014 Dec 24.
Mandahl A. Hypertonic saline test for ophthalmic nerve impairment. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1993 Aug;71(4):556-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1993.tb04636.x.
Rahman M, Okamoto K, Thompson R, Bereiter DA. Trigeminal pathways for hypertonic saline- and light-evoked corneal reflexes. Neuroscience. 2014 Sep 26;277:716-23. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.07.052. Epub 2014 Jul 31.
Yorek MS, Davidson EP, Poolman P, Coppey LJ, Obrosov A, Holmes A, Kardon RH, Yorek MA. Corneal Sensitivity to Hyperosmolar Eye Drops: A Novel Behavioral Assay to Assess Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 May 1;57(6):2412-9. doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-19435.
Parra A, Gonzalez-Gonzalez O, Gallar J, Belmonte C. Tear fluid hyperosmolality increases nerve impulse activity of cold thermoreceptor endings of the cornea. Pain. 2014 Aug;155(8):1481-1491. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.04.025. Epub 2014 Apr 28.
Nichols KK, Bacharach J, Holland E, Kislan T, Shettle L, Lunacsek O, Lennert B, Burk C, Patel V. Impact of Dry Eye Disease on Work Productivity, and Patients' Satisfaction With Over-the-Counter Dry Eye Treatments. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 Jun 1;57(7):2975-82. doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-19419.
Schiffman RM, Christianson MD, Jacobsen G, Hirsch JD, Reis BL. Reliability and validity of the Ocular Surface Disease Index. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000 May;118(5):615-21. doi: 10.1001/archopht.118.5.615.
Qazi Y, Hurwitz S, Khan S, Jurkunas UV, Dana R, Hamrah P. Validity and Reliability of a Novel Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS) in Quantifying and Monitoring Corneal and Ocular Surface Pain. Ophthalmology. 2016 Jul;123(7):1458-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.03.006. Epub 2016 Apr 16.
Schaumberg DA, Gulati A, Mathers WD, Clinch T, Lemp MA, Nelson JD, Foulks GN, Dana R. Development and validation of a short global dry eye symptom index. Ocul Surf. 2007 Jan;5(1):50-7. doi: 10.1016/s1542-0124(12)70053-8.
Other Identifiers
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13363
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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