Improving Perinatal Outcomes Using Conditional and Targeted Transfers

NCT ID: NCT04090762

Last Updated: 2026-01-13

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

36607 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-07-08

Study Completion Date

2025-04-30

Brief Summary

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It has been estimated that increasing the use of skilled care during childbirth could prevent up to 1.5 million maternal and newborn deaths and stillbirths by 2025. Conditional cash transfer programs, in which women receive cash payments conditioned on the use of maternal health services, are increasingly being used as a mechanism to increase uptake. In this study, the investigators randomly assign households to receive varying cash amounts conditioned on uptake of recommended pregnancy and delivery care. The investigators crosscut this with an intervention in which pregnant women receive information about their risk type. This randomized trial will provide new evidence about the potential efficacy of targeting cash transfers by pregnancy risk. This study will take place in 288 primary health service areas (HSAs) in Nigeria.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Utilization, Health Care Birth Outcomes

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Control

Women in the control arm will complete the baseline and follow up surveys but will not receive any intervention.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Risk information only

Women in the risk only arm who exhibit characteristics associated with a greater risk of a poor birth outcome will be informed that they possess these characteristics. Risk characteristics (identified from the medical and epidemiological literature) include age, prior pregnancy and birth history (e.g., previous stillbirth).

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Risk information provision

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Pregnant women who exhibit characteristics associated with a greater risk of a poor birth outcome - these will be identified from the medical and epidemiological literature - will be informed that they possess these characteristics.

Conditional Cash Transfer only

Women in this arm will be eligible to receive conditional cash transfers. To receive the transfer, pregnant women must attend prenatal care and give birth in a health facility.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Conditional cash transfer

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Pregnant women receive cash payments conditioned on their use of prenatal services and use of a health facility for child birth.

Conditional Cash Transfer and risk information

Women in this arm will be provided with risk information at the time of baseline survey administration AND be eligible to receive conditional cash transfers, pending attendance at prenatal care and delivery at a health facility.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Conditional cash transfer

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Pregnant women receive cash payments conditioned on their use of prenatal services and use of a health facility for child birth.

Risk information provision

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Pregnant women who exhibit characteristics associated with a greater risk of a poor birth outcome - these will be identified from the medical and epidemiological literature - will be informed that they possess these characteristics.

Interventions

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Conditional cash transfer

Pregnant women receive cash payments conditioned on their use of prenatal services and use of a health facility for child birth.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Risk information provision

Pregnant women who exhibit characteristics associated with a greater risk of a poor birth outcome - these will be identified from the medical and epidemiological literature - will be informed that they possess these characteristics.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Pregnant women ages 15-49 who reside in the participating health service areas

Exclusion Criteria

* none
Minimum Eligible Age

15 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

49 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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RAND

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Edward Okeke

Senior Economist

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital

Kano, Kano State, Nigeria

Site Status

Countries

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Nigeria

References

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Okeke EN, Abubakar IS, De Guttry R. In Nigeria, Stillbirths And Newborn Deaths Increased During The COVID-19 Pandemic. Health Aff (Millwood). 2021 Nov;40(11):1797-1805. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00659. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 34669501 (View on PubMed)

Okeke EN. Playing defense? Health care in the era of Covid. J Health Econ. 2022 Sep;85:102665. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102665. Epub 2022 Jul 25.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 35952443 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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R01HD090231

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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