Intra and Extra Oral Inspection of Oral Mucosa

NCT ID: NCT04079491

Last Updated: 2023-02-16

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: TERMINATED
• Total Enrollment: 70 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-02-01
• Study Completion Date: 2023-01-31

Brief Summary

Dental health professionals have a responsibility to perform routine intra- and extraoral inspection on their patients for detecting abnormalities. As dental hygienists (DH) and dentist (D) often see their patients on a regular basis, they have the opportunity to provide this screening, and at an early stage detect abnormalities.

Detailed Description

In Sweden, education and training in intraoral inspection of the oral mucosa is a part of the curriculum in dental hygienists education, so there is an expectation that the dental hygienist routinely perform tactile and visual intraoral inspections in practice. However, DH are not trained in extra oral inspection and are not allowed to diagnose an oral mucosal lesion, but are trained to identify abnormalities and determine whether the patient needs referral to a dentist. It is also to expect that the DH are capable to identify risk behaviors, such as alcohol and smoking, and recommend, and offer smoking cessation or refer the patient to a certified profession for smoking cessation.

In 2007, The World Health Assembly (WHA) adopted a resolution to prevent oral cancer. The resolution urged the member states to ensure that measures against oral cancer was integrated into a national cancer control program by engaging and train dental personnel in screening, early diagnosis and treatment. Oral cancer is a severe oral health issue as it is potentially fatal and is the 5-6 most common tumor with approximately 275,000 cases for oral and 130,300 cases for pharyngeal cancers, excluding nasopharynx, globally. In Sweden,1000 new cases yearly is discovered and it is increasing. The explanation is an aging population and an increase in tonsil and tongue cancers caused by HPV, especially in younger subjects. Tumors caused by tobacco and alcohol are constant [7-9]. Despite the decreasing prevalence of smoking and certain smoking-associated cancers, an increased incidence of tonsillar cancer has been seen in both Finland and Sweden. High risk HPV (hrHPV) oral cancer is also increasing. The 5 year survival of oral cancer in Sweden is 55 % and only 3-4% in advanced cases. The etiology is hrHPV, exposure to tobacco and alcohol in 65% [13] and poor dental status. All are lifestyle factors so there are many opportunities for prevention and intervention. In 2016, 352 individuals in Sweden died in oral cancer compared with 135 individuals who died of cervical cancer. Leukoplakia (LP), erythroplakia (EP) and oral lichen planus (OLP) are the dominating oral premalignant entities. The diagnosis are clinical and often by biopsies. The nonhomogeneous have a risk of malignant transformation of 3.6-8.9% in Scandinavia. OLP is a chronic inflammatory lesion where the atrophic and erosive types have a risk of cancer development of 0.5-2%.

The potential for prevention is high, as the risk factors are well known. The Clinical examination discloses any potentially malignant lesions. Being aware of the increasing number of head, neck, and oral tumors we need to highlight the importance of inspection of the oral mucosa.

Conditions

Oral Lichen Planus; Oral Leukoplakia; Erythroplakia

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: COHORT
• Study Time Perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

dental hygienists

all dental hygienists members in the trade union for dental hygienists

questionnaire survey

Intervention Type: OTHER

A web-based questionnaire will be send by the trade union for dental hygienists

Interventions

questionnaire survey

A web-based questionnaire will be send by the trade union for dental hygienists

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Registered dental hygienists members in the Swedish trade union

Exclusion Criteria

-

• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Dalarna County Council, Sweden

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Kristina Edman

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Karin Gunnars Hellgren

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Public Dental Health Region of Dalarna

Locations

Public Dental Service

Falun, Dalarna County, Sweden

Countries

Sweden

Other Identifiers

Inspection oral mucosa

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id