Evaluation of the Impact of Water Access and Promotion in Parks on Beverage Intake

NCT ID: NCT03889561

Last Updated: 2023-04-27

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 1038 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2016-04-15
• Study Completion Date: 2019-12-31

Brief Summary

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a major caloric source and the largest source of added sugars in the American diet. While many cities around the country have adopted anti-SSB policies such as soda taxes to reduce SSB intake, there has yet to be any studies to evaluate if the effects of these taxes, coupled with increased water access and promotion effort can lead to decreased sugar sweetened beverage consumption and increased water consumption. This quasi-experimental study evaluates how implementation of SSB taxes, installation of new water stations, and a multicultural water promotion campaign in parks impacts beverage intake in these settings as compared to soda taxes alone.

Detailed Description

Consumption of water, in place of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs), can help prevent obesity and dental carries. While drinking water is associated with these and many other positive health outcomes, many do not meet the recommended dietary intake of water. This is more profound in low income and minority communities that are more likely to drink less water and drink more SSBs. School-based water promotion interventions have shown that improved access to clean drinking water coupled with promotion leads to increases in water consumption and improved health outcomes. No studies have studied the impact of similar strategies on beverage intake and health in parks and public spaces. Parks are an inconspicuous and widely utilized public space, with the majority of Americans going to a park in the last month. This study's central hypothesis is that visitors in parks with SSB taxes coupled with increased access to appealing drinking water and rigorous promotion of its consumption will be more likely to drink water and less likely to drink SSBs, compared to visitors in parks with only SSB taxes. This quasi-experimental study makes use of naturally-occurring policy changes in the San Francisco (SF) Bay Area to disentangle the impacts of anti- SSB policies, water station installation, and multicultural water promotion efforts, using control groups to isolate the effects of anti-SSB policies alone or no intervention. This study will analyze beverage consumption in 10 SF parks that received new water stations and a multicultural water promotion campaign compared to 20 matched control parks (10 parks SF and 10 parks in Oakland) with only SSB taxes.

Conditions

Obesity

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Improved Water Access, Promotion, and SSB taxes

Intervention parks will receive installation of water stations, multicultural water promotion campaign, and SSB taxes

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Drink Tap

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

The Drink Tap intervention consists of increased access to safe and appealing drinking water, multicultural water promotion, and soda taxes.

Control

SSB taxes

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Drink Tap

The Drink Tap intervention consists of increased access to safe and appealing drinking water, multicultural water promotion, and soda taxes.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Park visitors within a defined geographic boundary

Exclusion Criteria

• Park visitors outside a defined geographic boundary

• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

University of California, San Francisco

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Stanford University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Anisha I Patel

Associate Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Anisha Patel, MD,MSPH

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Stanford University

Locations

Stanford

Stanford, California, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

43173

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id