Using Patient-Centered Guidelines in a Technology Platform to Improve Health Care in Adults With Sickle Cell Disease

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

67 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-07-01

Study Completion Date

2023-07-01

Brief Summary

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SCD is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin that affects over 100,000 Americans, most of whom live in low-resourced neighborhoods. Acute SCD complications result in 230,000 emergency department visits and $1.5 billion annually in acute-care expenditures. Prior research indicates that increased disease-specific knowledge correlates with improved clinical outcomes in SCD. Thus, targeting strategies to improve disease-specific knowledge is a high priority in the care of individuals with SCD. Significant evidence describes how educational materials, including online educational programs, can be used to increase disease-specific knowledge. In this study, the investigators will evaluate a mobile phone technology intervention based on the prior evidence that technologies can improve SCD-specific knowledge.

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Detailed Description

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Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder that affects over 100,000 Americans, an underserved population with low life expectancy and risk for significant and life-threatening medical complications (e.g., stroke). Adults with SCD are overwhelmingly members of socially disadvantaged groups, increasing their risk for disparities in care. Annual health expenditure for individuals with SCD in the United States is about $1.5 billion, primarily from multiple emergency room visits (230,000 visits/year) for management of acute complications. Use of disease-specific knowledge has emerged as a powerful tool to decrease health care utilization. Significant evidence has described how to increase disease-specific knowledge using educational materials, including online educational programs in individuals managing chronic diseases, including SCD. Patient knowledge and use of disease-specific information like evidence-based clinical guidelines has the potential to decrease health care utilization. In 2014, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) published guidelines for evidence-based management of SCD for health care providers. However, to date, no national strategy has been developed to make these guidelines patient-centered, accessible, and actionable for adults with SCD. Federal Meaningful Use regulations have recommended using health-related technologies to improve patient access to their health information to promote patient engagement. Yet, many adults with SCD are not yet fully engaged in use of health technologies because they are unsure of the best format (e.g., mobile or web-based), leading to a health care technology gap. Mobile health applications (apps) that include patient-centered care guidelines could engage and activate this population given the high use of mobile technologies, potentially closing this health technology gap and improving health outcomes.

Evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the refined iManage in a pilot study with adults with SCD. The investigators will recruit 50 adults from the population of 250 adults with SCD at the Vanderbilt Meharry Sickle Cell Disease Center of Excellence and the ohio state university comprehensive sickle cell center for a 6-month pilot study to evaluate usability, acceptance, and usage. At the end of the study, the investigators will conduct interviews with a subset of participants to gain an in-depth understanding of usage patterns and how to sustain engagement to promote ongoing app use.

Evaluate the efficacy of the refined iManage app on SCD-specific knowledge. The investigators will test the hypothesis that the refined iManage will increase SCD-specific knowledge by measuring SCD-specific knowledge at the start and end of the 6-month pilot study. the investigators will conduct exploratory analyses of secondary outcomes including patient activation, adherence to guidelines, missed days of school/work, and self-efficacy.

Conditions

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Sickle Cell Disease

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Randomized controlled trial

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Control group (Booklets)

Group 1 will receive the control arm with a paper booklet of the patient-centered SCD-guidelines with education by a health care provider at a single visit

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

mobile health application

Group 2 will receive continuous access to technology-based patient-centered SCD-specific guidelines using a user-driven technological platform, plus a paper booklet of the guidelines with education by a health care provider at a single visit. The mobile app will include interactive content and a fully searchable collection of the SCD-specific guidelines that are age- and health literacy-appropriate. Through the mobile app, the investigators will reinforce important points of guideline content; motivate patient engagement through quizzes and reminders; and facilitate peer support, for instance by forming teams to compete against each other to attain goals.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

mobile health application

Intervention Type OTHER

The user-driven technological tool will include an mHealth mobile phone application. Features of the application will be based on preliminary work from the investigators' sites. The mobile app will include fully searchable provider-facing and patient-facing interfaces with the SCD-specific guidelines. The provider-facing interface, designed to be used by providers, will be separated by patient's age to accommodate pediatric and adult providers. The patient-facing interface will display the guidelines that are age- and health literacy-appropriate. Through the mobile app, the investigators will reinforce important points of guideline content; motivate patient engagement through quizzes and text-message reminders; and facilitate peer support, for instance by forming teams to compete against each other to attain goals.

Interventions

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mobile health application

The user-driven technological tool will include an mHealth mobile phone application. Features of the application will be based on preliminary work from the investigators' sites. The mobile app will include fully searchable provider-facing and patient-facing interfaces with the SCD-specific guidelines. The provider-facing interface, designed to be used by providers, will be separated by patient's age to accommodate pediatric and adult providers. The patient-facing interface will display the guidelines that are age- and health literacy-appropriate. Through the mobile app, the investigators will reinforce important points of guideline content; motivate patient engagement through quizzes and text-message reminders; and facilitate peer support, for instance by forming teams to compete against each other to attain goals.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* receives care at the community health clinic,
* diagnosis of SCD (Hgb SS, SC, Sβ-thal),
* ability to speak and understand written English
* has access to a smartphone or computer
* between 18-70 years.