Study Results
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Basic Information
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WITHDRAWN
PHASE2/PHASE3
INTERVENTIONAL
2019-04-15
2020-03-02
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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The current foundation of treatment for pediatric delirium is identifying and addressing the underlying etiology. Iatrogenic factors should be minimized, such as avoiding benzodiazepines and restraints, optimizing pain control, minimizing sedation, and treating withdrawal. The ICU environment should also be optimized to create a quiet, well-lit space with clustered care to allow for uninterrupted sleep. When non-pharmacologic treatment measures prove insufficient to manage the symptoms of delirium, we believe the second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) quetiapine may have a role in the treatment of delirium. However, there are currently no FDA-approved medications to treat delirium in this population.
The European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) has recently recommended that all children in the ICU be monitored for delirium but provided no guidance on recommended treatments (21), likely due to the lack of evidence of proven delirium treatment in children. An adult systematic review and meta-analysis by Kishi et al concluded that antipsychotics are superior to placebo in decreasing severity of delirium and time to response with there was no significant difference in the side effects between the two groups. Additionally, SGAs are associated with a shorter time to response and lower side effect profile than haloperidol (a first-generation antipsychotic).
A growing body of pediatric literature suggests that delirium is a serious and under recognized problem in critically ill children as well, however little research has been focused on treatment . A recent retrospective series looking at the use of quetiapine in suggested that quetiapine use for delirium treatment is a safe option in this population.
With proven efficacy in adults with delirium, an established track record in children for indications other than delirium, a favorable safety profile, and a wide therapeutic window, quetiapine is a logical choice for the next phase of research into pediatric delirium treatment. In this study are looking prospectively at the effectiveness of quetiapine as a treatment for pediatric delirium.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
TRIPLE
Study Groups
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Quetiapine (0.5 mg/kg TID x 10 days)
This study group will receive treatment with quetiapine after diagnosis of pediatric delirium. Group assignment will be blinded.
Quetiapine
Patients randomized to the study treatment group will received quetiapine at 0.5 mg/kg, three times a day for 10 days. Doses can be increased up to a maximum of 6 mg/kg/day, in increments of 0.5 mg/kg, based on the subject's clinical delirium symptoms. PRN doses of 0.5 mg/kg can be given up to three times a day based on the clinical judgement of the subject's ICU care team.
Placebo
This study group will receive a placebo treatment after diagnosis of pediatric delirium. Group assignment will be blinded.
Placebo
Patients randomized to the placebo group will be given an equivalent volume of sterile liquid or sugar pill, based on the individual subjects dosing preference or ability. Dosing will be done on the same schedule as the quetiapine group
Interventions
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Quetiapine
Patients randomized to the study treatment group will received quetiapine at 0.5 mg/kg, three times a day for 10 days. Doses can be increased up to a maximum of 6 mg/kg/day, in increments of 0.5 mg/kg, based on the subject's clinical delirium symptoms. PRN doses of 0.5 mg/kg can be given up to three times a day based on the clinical judgement of the subject's ICU care team.
Placebo
Patients randomized to the placebo group will be given an equivalent volume of sterile liquid or sugar pill, based on the individual subjects dosing preference or ability. Dosing will be done on the same schedule as the quetiapine group
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* PICU admission
* Positive CAPD scoring
* For developmentally normal children a CAPD score of ≥ 9
* For developmentally delayed a CAPD score of ≥ 9 and a Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) fluctuation of at least 2 points in the last 24 hours
Exclusion Criteria
* Patients undergoing treatment of alcohol withdrawal.
* Patients unable to tolerate enteral medications
* Patients on antipsychotics
* Patients with a history of:
* hepatic encephalopathy, hepatitis
* elevated liver enzymes defined ALT or AST above normal range for age since hospitalization
* baseline QTc prolongation (defined as greater than 97th percentile for age or greater than 20% increase from baseline or previous QTc)
* major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, and movement disorder.
* Patients who are pregnant
* Non-English and non-Spanish speaking subjects and/or parent/guardian
21 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Medical College of Wisconsin
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Rita Alvarez
Assistant Professor
Locations
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Children's Hospital of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
Countries
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References
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Traube C, Silver G, Reeder RW, Doyle H, Hegel E, Wolfe HA, Schneller C, Chung MG, Dervan LA, DiGennaro JL, Buttram SD, Kudchadkar SR, Madden K, Hartman ME, deAlmeida ML, Walson K, Ista E, Baarslag MA, Salonia R, Beca J, Long D, Kawai Y, Cheifetz IM, Gelvez J, Truemper EJ, Smith RL, Peters ME, O'Meara AM, Murphy S, Bokhary A, Greenwald BM, Bell MJ. Delirium in Critically Ill Children: An International Point Prevalence Study. Crit Care Med. 2017 Apr;45(4):584-590. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002250.
Traube C, Silver G, Gerber LM, Kaur S, Mauer EA, Kerson A, Joyce C, Greenwald BM. Delirium and Mortality in Critically Ill Children: Epidemiology and Outcomes of Pediatric Delirium. Crit Care Med. 2017 May;45(5):891-898. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002324.
Traube C, Greenwald BM. "The Times They Are A-Changin": Universal Delirium Screening in Pediatric Critical Care. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 Jun;18(6):594-595. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000001142. No abstract available.
Schieveld JN, Strik JJ. Pediatric Delirium: A Worldwide PICU Problem. Crit Care Med. 2017 Apr;45(4):746-747. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002275. No abstract available.
Patel AK, Biagas KV, Clarke EC, Gerber LM, Mauer E, Silver G, Chai P, Corda R, Traube C. Delirium in Children After Cardiac Bypass Surgery. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 Feb;18(2):165-171. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000001032.
Meyburg J, Dill ML, Traube C, Silver G, von Haken R. Patterns of Postoperative Delirium in Children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 Feb;18(2):128-133. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000000993.
Leroy PL, Schieveld JN. Mind the Heart: Delirium in Children Following Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2017 Feb;18(2):196-198. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000001038. No abstract available.
Traube C, Mauer EA, Gerber LM, Kaur S, Joyce C, Kerson A, Carlo C, Notterman D, Worgall S, Silver G, Greenwald BM. Cost Associated With Pediatric Delirium in the ICU. Crit Care Med. 2016 Dec;44(12):e1175-e1179. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002004.
Smith HA, Gangopadhyay M, Goben CM, Jacobowski NL, Chestnut MH, Savage S, Rutherford MT, Denton D, Thompson JL, Chandrasekhar R, Acton M, Newman J, Noori HP, Terrell MK, Williams SR, Griffith K, Cooper TJ, Ely EW, Fuchs DC, Pandharipande PP. The Preschool Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU: Valid and Reliable Delirium Monitoring for Critically Ill Infants and Children. Crit Care Med. 2016 Mar;44(3):592-600. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001428.
Porter S, Holly C, Echevarria M. Infants with Delirium: A Primer on Prevention, Recognition, and Management. Pediatr Nurs. 2016 Sep-Oct;42(5):223-9.
Maldonado JR. Neuropathogenesis of delirium: review of current etiologic theories and common pathways. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2013 Dec;21(12):1190-222. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2013.09.005.
Barr J, Fraser GL, Puntillo K, Ely EW, Gelinas C, Dasta JF, Davidson JE, Devlin JW, Kress JP, Joffe AM, Coursin DB, Herr DL, Tung A, Robinson BR, Fontaine DK, Ramsay MA, Riker RR, Sessler CN, Pun B, Skrobik Y, Jaeschke R; American College of Critical Care Medicine. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2013 Jan;41(1):263-306. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3182783b72.
Kishi T, Hirota T, Matsunaga S, Iwata N. Antipsychotic medications for the treatment of delirium: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2016 Jul;87(7):767-74. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2015-311049. Epub 2015 Sep 4.
Bathula M, Gonzales JP. The pharmacologic treatment of intensive care unit delirium: a systematic review. Ann Pharmacother. 2013 Sep;47(9):1168-74. doi: 10.1177/1060028013500466.
Boettger S, Friedlander M, Breitbart W, Passik S. Aripiprazole and haloperidol in the treatment of delirium. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2011 Jun;45(6):477-82. doi: 10.3109/00048674.2011.543411.
Banerjee A, Girard TD, Pandharipande P. The complex interplay between delirium, sedation, and early mobility during critical illness: applications in the trauma unit. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2011 Apr;24(2):195-201. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0b013e3283445382.
Martin J, Heymann A, Basell K, Baron R, Biniek R, Burkle H, Dall P, Dictus C, Eggers V, Eichler I, Engelmann L, Garten L, Hartl W, Haase U, Huth R, Kessler P, Kleinschmidt S, Koppert W, Kretz FJ, Laubenthal H, Marggraf G, Meiser A, Neugebauer E, Neuhaus U, Putensen C, Quintel M, Reske A, Roth B, Scholz J, Schroder S, Schreiter D, Schuttler J, Schwarzmann G, Stingele R, Tonner P, Trankle P, Treede RD, Trupkovic T, Tryba M, Wappler F, Waydhas C, Spies C. Evidence and consensus-based German guidelines for the management of analgesia, sedation and delirium in intensive care--short version. Ger Med Sci. 2010 Feb 2;8:Doc02. doi: 10.3205/000091.
Straker DA, Shapiro PA, Muskin PR. Aripiprazole in the treatment of delirium. Psychosomatics. 2006 Sep-Oct;47(5):385-91. doi: 10.1176/appi.psy.47.5.385.
Boettger S, Breitbart W. Atypical antipsychotics in the management of delirium: a review of the empirical literature. Palliat Support Care. 2005 Sep;3(3):227-37. doi: 10.1017/s1478951505050352.
Ely EW, Stephens RK, Jackson JC, Thomason JW, Truman B, Gordon S, Dittus RS, Bernard GR. Current opinions regarding the importance, diagnosis, and management of delirium in the intensive care unit: a survey of 912 healthcare professionals. Crit Care Med. 2004 Jan;32(1):106-12. doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000098033.94737.84.
Harris J, Ramelet AS, van Dijk M, Pokorna P, Wielenga J, Tume L, Tibboel D, Ista E. Clinical recommendations for pain, sedation, withdrawal and delirium assessment in critically ill infants and children: an ESPNIC position statement for healthcare professionals. Intensive Care Med. 2016 Jun;42(6):972-86. doi: 10.1007/s00134-016-4344-1. Epub 2016 Apr 15.
Devlin JW, Roberts RJ, Fong JJ, Skrobik Y, Riker RR, Hill NS, Robbins T, Garpestad E. Efficacy and safety of quetiapine in critically ill patients with delirium: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Crit Care Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):419-27. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181b9e302.
Joyce C, Witcher R, Herrup E, Kaur S, Mendez-Rico E, Silver G, Greenwald BM, Traube C. Evaluation of the Safety of Quetiapine in Treating Delirium in Critically Ill Children: A Retrospective Review. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2015 Nov;25(9):666-70. doi: 10.1089/cap.2015.0093. Epub 2015 Oct 15.
Other Identifiers
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1195004
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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