Capecitabine Versus Bolus 5-Fu Associated to Radiotherapy as Neoadjuvant Treatment for Rectal Cancer.

NCT ID: NCT03428529

Last Updated: 2018-02-09

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE2/PHASE3
• Total Enrollment: 63 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2011-01-12
• Study Completion Date: 2016-12-13

Brief Summary

A randomized two-arm study comparing preoperative CRT using oral capecitabine versus bolus 5-FU/LV concomitant to external beam radiation (50.5 Gy/28 fractions) for locally advanced rectal cancer. Main outcome was clinical response assessed using MRI and endorectal US 6-8 weeks after CRT. Secondary endpoints were pathological response, adverse effects, sphyncter preservation, quality of life, OS and DFS.

Detailed Description

Patients harbouring rectal adenocarcinoma T3-4 or N>0 M0 within 10 cm to anal verge were randomized in two treatment arms: (1) capecitabina orally 825mg/m2 bid. 5 days a week for 5 weeks and (2) bolus intravenous 5-FU/LV 350mg/m2/20 mg/m2 D1-D5 on the first and fifth weeks, both combined to pelvic radiotherapy, total dose 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions. Clinical stage before and after CRT was determined using pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) and chest, abdominal and pelvic Computer Tomography. Surgery was planned 6 to 8 weeks after CRT. Sphincter preservation was always considered when negative margins were possible. Pathological assessment included stage (TNM 7th Ed.) and Mandard's Tumor Regression Grade (TRG). QOL questionnaires QLQ-C30 and CR38 were completed by patients before and after CRT, after surgery and during follow-up.

Conditions

Rectal Neoplasm Malignant

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Capecitabine

Neoadjuvant capecitabine plus RT

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Capecitabine Oral Product

Intervention Type: DRUG

Neoadjuvant Capecitabine concomitant to external beam radiotherapy

5-Flourouracil

Neoadjuvant 5-Fluorouracil plus RT

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

5Fluorouracil

Intervention Type: DRUG

Neoadjuvant bolus 5-Fluorouracil concomitante to external beam radiotherapy

Interventions

Capecitabine Oral Product

Neoadjuvant Capecitabine concomitant to external beam radiotherapy

Intervention Type: DRUG

5Fluorouracil

Neoadjuvant bolus 5-Fluorouracil concomitante to external beam radiotherapy

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Xeloda; 5-Fu

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Patients with histologically proven locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3-4 or positive regional lymph node) on endorectal ultrasonography (EUS) or pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) were qualified for this study. Distance from anal verge (AV) should not exceed 10 cm measured with rigid proctoscopy. Thorax and abdominal computer tomography (CT) exams were taken to rule out distant metastasis. Performance Status ECOG 0-1.

Exclusion Criteria

Previous treatment for rectal cancer (RT, chemotherapy or surgical resection). Previous diagnosis of other cancers except nonmelanoma skin cancer. Uncontrolled comorbities including heart failure and miocardial infarction in the previous 6 months. Hepatic insufficiency and renal failure. Pregnancy. Serious neurologic or psyquiatric disturbances that could affect comprehension of informed consent.

-

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 80 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Brazil

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Rodrigo Otavio de Castro Araujo

Dr. Rodrigo Otavio de Castro Araujo

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

References

Saif MW, Hashmi S, Zelterman D, Almhanna K, Kim R. Capecitabine vs continuous infusion 5-FU in neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer. A retrospective review. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2008 Feb;23(2):139-45. doi: 10.1007/s00384-007-0382-z. Epub 2007 Oct 2.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 17909820 (View on PubMed)

Wolff HA, Conradi LC, Beissbarth T, Leha A, Hohenberger W, Merkel S, Fietkau R, Raab HR, Tschmelitsch J, Hess CF, Becker H, Wittekind C, Sauer R, Rodel C, Liersch T; German Rectal Cancer Study Group. Gender affects acute organ toxicity during radiochemotherapy for rectal cancer: long-term results of the German CAO/ARO/AIO-94 phase III trial. Radiother Oncol. 2013 Jul;108(1):48-54. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.05.009. Epub 2013 Jun 11.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 23768685 (View on PubMed)

Sawada N, Ishikawa T, Sekiguchi F, Tanaka Y, Ishitsuka H. X-ray irradiation induces thymidine phosphorylase and enhances the efficacy of capecitabine (Xeloda) in human cancer xenografts. Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Oct;5(10):2948-53.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 10537364 (View on PubMed)

Schuller J, Cassidy J, Dumont E, Roos B, Durston S, Banken L, Utoh M, Mori K, Weidekamm E, Reigner B. Preferential activation of capecitabine in tumor following oral administration to colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2000;45(4):291-7. doi: 10.1007/s002800050043.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 10755317 (View on PubMed)

Suarez J, Vera R, Balen E, Gomez M, Arias F, Lera JM, Herrera J, Zazpe C. Pathologic response assessed by Mandard grade is a better prognostic factor than down staging for disease-free survival after preoperative radiochemotherapy for advanced rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis. 2008 Jul;10(6):563-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2007.01424.x. Epub 2007 Dec 7.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 18070184 (View on PubMed)

Tulchinsky H, Shmueli E, Figer A, Klausner JM, Rabau M. An interval >7 weeks between neoadjuvant therapy and surgery improves pathologic complete response and disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008 Oct;15(10):2661-7. doi: 10.1245/s10434-008-9892-3. Epub 2008 Apr 4.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 18389322 (View on PubMed)

Bosset JF, Collette L, Calais G, Mineur L, Maingon P, Radosevic-Jelic L, Daban A, Bardet E, Beny A, Ollier JC; EORTC Radiotherapy Group Trial 22921. Chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006 Sep 14;355(11):1114-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa060829.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 16971718 (View on PubMed)

Kim JS, Kim JS, Cho MJ, Yoon WH, Song KS. Comparison of the efficacy of oral capecitabine versus bolus 5-FU in preoperative radiotherapy of locally advanced rectal cancer. J Korean Med Sci. 2006 Feb;21(1):52-7. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2006.21.1.52.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 16479065 (View on PubMed)

Saif MW. Capecitabine versus continuous-infusion 5-fluorouracil for colorectal cancer: a retrospective efficacy and safety comparison. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2005 Jul;5(2):89-100. doi: 10.3816/ccc.2005.n.020.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 16098249 (View on PubMed)

Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W, Rodel C, Wittekind C, Fietkau R, Martus P, Tschmelitsch J, Hager E, Hess CF, Karstens JH, Liersch T, Schmidberger H, Raab R; German Rectal Cancer Study Group. Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004 Oct 21;351(17):1731-40. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa040694.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 15496622 (View on PubMed)

Taylor FG, Quirke P, Heald RJ, Moran B, Blomqvist L, Swift I, Sebag-Montefiore DJ, Tekkis P, Brown G; MERCURY study group. Preoperative high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging can identify good prognosis stage I, II, and III rectal cancer best managed by surgery alone: a prospective, multicenter, European study. Ann Surg. 2011 Apr;253(4):711-9. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31820b8d52.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 21475011 (View on PubMed)

Tiv M, Puyraveau M, Mineur L, Calais G, Maingon P, Bardet E, Mercier M, Bosset JF. Long-term quality of life in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative (chemo)-radiotherapy within a randomized trial. Cancer Radiother. 2010 Oct;14(6-7):530-4. doi: 10.1016/j.canrad.2010.06.017. Epub 2010 Aug 24.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 20797891 (View on PubMed)

Araujo RO, Vieira FM, Victorino AP, Torres C, Martins I, Guaraldi S, Valadao M, Linhares E, Ferreira CG, Thuler LC. Quality of life in a randomized trial comparing two neoadjuvant regimens for locally advanced rectal cancer-INCAGI004. Support Care Cancer. 2022 Aug;30(8):6557-6572. doi: 10.1007/s00520-022-07059-6. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 35486228 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

CEP INCA 83/10

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id