Eltrombopag+hATG+CsA vs. hATG+CsA in Children With Severe AA

NCT ID: NCT03413306

Last Updated: 2021-03-15

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: UNKNOWN
• Clinical Phase: PHASE3
• Total Enrollment: 100 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2016-12-10
• Study Completion Date: 2022-10-20

Brief Summary

The analysis of our own clinical data suggests that majority of the hematologic responses observed after the course of h-ATG/CsA is partial, and about 10% tend to have cyclosporine dependence.

The aim of the current study is to improve the rate and the quality of hematologic response as well as to prevent delayed complications such as relapse and clonal progression by means of adding eltrombopag to standard immunosuppressive therapy

Detailed Description

This trial will evaluate safety and efficacy of combination eltrombopag with standard hATG/CSA as first line therapy in patients with SAA. The primary endpoint is going to be estimating the rate of complete hematologic response at the point in four months after the end of the treatment. Secondary endpoints are probability of relapse, hematologic blood count recovery in 6 and 12 months after the treatment, survival, clonal evolution into myelodysplasia and leukemia

Aplastic anemia can be treated effectively with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy with horse anti-thymocyte globulin (h-ATG) and cyclosporine (CsA), allowing to achieve a comparable long-term survival about 80%. However, one third of the patients treated with h-ATG/CsA, does not respond, and 25-30% of the responders relapse. The analysis of our clinical data suggests that majority of the hematologic responses observed following initial h-ATG/CsA are partial, with only a few patients achieving normal blood counts, and about 10% tend to have cyclosporine dependence. Although horse ATG/CsA provides represented a major advance in the treatment of SAA, such condition as refractory course of the disease, incomplete response, relapse, and clonal evolution limit the success of this treatment. Thus, new regimens are needed to overcome these limitations and provide a better alternative to stem cell transplantation.

One option of improving the quality of hematologic responses is influencing underlying stem cell function. Previous attempts to improve response by hematopoietic cytokines, including erythropoietin and G-CSF, have failed. Thrombopoietin is the principal endogenous regulator of platelet production. In addition, TPO also has stimulatory effects onto primitive multilineage progenitors and stem cells in vitro and animal models. Eltrombopag (Revolade), an oral 2nd generation small molecule TPO-agonist, is approved for treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura and SAA who had insufficient response to immunosuppressive therapy. Eltrombopag increases platelets in healthy subjects and in thrombocytopenic patients, and recently has showed clinically significant hematologic responses in refractory SAA patients. The aim of this tudy to improve hematologic response rate and its quality, as well as to prevent late complications such as relapse and clonal progression, by adding eltrombopag into standard immunosuppressive therapy This trial evaluates safety and efficacy of combining eltrombopag with standard hATG/CSA as the first line of therapy in patients with SAA. The primary endpoint is going to be estimation of the rate of complete hematologic response in 4 months. Secondary endpoints are probability of relapse, robust hematologic blood count recovery in 6 and 12 months after the treatment, survival, clonal evolution to myelodysplasia and leukemia.

This is a trial aiming to increase 4 months overall response rate. The sample size is calculated on the hypothesis that the experimental treatment will increase the 4 months response rate in 20% in comparison with standard IST treatment arm. Under these assumptions, the sample size to reject the null hypothesis is n=100 patients, 50 patients in each treatment arm; alpha-error 0.05; power 0.75.

Conditions

Acquired Aplastic Anemia

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Eltrombopag + IST (ATG + CsA)

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Eltrombopag

Intervention Type: DRUG

Eltrombopag is an oral mimetic thrombopoietin selectively binding transmembrane and juxtamembrane domains of the thrombopoietin receptor different from the binding site of thrombopoietin. Therefore it does not compete for binding with the native molecule. It is promoting thrombopoiesis and release platelets from mature megakaryocytes. Also it promotes more primitive multilineage progenitors and hematopoietic stem cells to proliferate and differentiate into thrombocytes, erythrocytes and leukocytes.

IST (ATG + CsA)

Intervention Type: DRUG

IST (ATG + CsA)

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

IST (ATG + CsA)

Intervention Type: DRUG

Interventions

Eltrombopag

Eltrombopag is an oral mimetic thrombopoietin selectively binding transmembrane and juxtamembrane domains of the thrombopoietin receptor different from the binding site of thrombopoietin. Therefore it does not compete for binding with the native molecule. It is promoting thrombopoiesis and release platelets from mature megakaryocytes. Also it promotes more primitive multilineage progenitors and hematopoietic stem cells to proliferate and differentiate into thrombocytes, erythrocytes and leukocytes.

Intervention Type: DRUG

IST (ATG + CsA)

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Revolade; controle

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Clinical diagnosis of severe and very severe Aplastic anemia

2. 2 - 18 years old

3. Written informed consent signed by a parent or legal guardian prior to initiation of any study specific procedure.

4. Absence of HLA-identical family member

Exclusion Criteria

1. myelodysplastic syndrome 4. Prior immunosuppressive therapy 5. Patients with hepatic, renal or cardiac failure, or any other life- threatening concurrent disease 6. hypersensitivity to any of the component medications 7. Creatinine >2.5 mg/dL× the upper limit of normal, 8. Total bilirubin >1.5 × the upper limit of normal mg/dL , 9. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >3-5 × the upper limit of normal

• Minimum Eligible Age: 2 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Federal Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Galina Novichkova

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology

Alexei Maschan

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology

Locations

Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology

Moscow, , Russia

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

Russia

Central Contacts

Olga Goronkova, MD

Role: CONTACT

goronkova@yandex.ru

+7-495-287-65-70 ext. 5527

Facility Contacts

Zhanna Shekhovtsova

Role: primary

zhanna.shekhovtsova@fccho-moscow.ru

4956647078

Eugene Pashanov, Prof. PhD

Role: backup

e.pashanov@gmail.com

+79262205578

References

Goronkova O, Novichkova G, Salimova T, Kalinina I, Baidildina D, Petrova U, Antonova K, Sadovskaya M, Suntsova E, Evseev D, Matveev V, Venyov D, Khachatryan L, Litvinov D, Pshonkin A, Ovsyannikova G, Kotskaya N, Gobadze D, Olshanskaya Y, Popov A, Raykina E, Mironenko O, Voronin K, Purbueva B, Boichenko E, Dinikina Y, Guseynova E, Sherstnev D, Kalinina E, Mezentsev S, Streneva O, Yudina N, Plaksina O, Erega E, Maschan M, Maschan A. Efficacy of combined immunosuppression with or without eltrombopag in children with newly diagnosed aplastic anemia. Blood Adv. 2023 Mar 28;7(6):953-962. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006716.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 35446936 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

NCPHOI-2016-01

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id