Resistance Training and Sarcopenic Obesity Elderly Women

NCT ID: NCT03370211

Last Updated: 2017-12-14

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 37 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2015-03-31
• Study Completion Date: 2015-12-31

Brief Summary

In this manuscript, we investigated the effect of resistance training (RT) on body composition, functional capacity, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in sarcopenic obesity elderly women, using a randomized controlled trial.

Detailed Description

To investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) program on body composition, functional capacity, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in sarcopenic obesity elderly women. This study is a randomized controlled trial. Thirty-seven sarcopenic obesity (SO) elderly women were randomly allocated into two groups: a training group (TG, n=18) or a non-exercising control group (CG, n=19). A supervised RT program was performed by TG for 12 weeks and CG did not perform any type of physical exercise during this period. Body composition (DXA), functional capacity [(muscular strength, and the 10 m walk test (10MW), and rising from sitting position test (RSP)] and blood sample measurements (after a 12 h fasting) were performed pre- and post-training. The investigation was carried out over a period of 16 weeks, with 12 weeks dedicated to the RT program and 4 weeks allocated for measurements. Anthropometric, muscular strength, body composition, and blood samples measurements were performed at weeks 1-2, and 15-16. A supervised progressive RT was performed between weeks 3-14. The CG did not perform any type of physical exercise during this period. However, given the possible positive effects of exercise, elderly women of this group were incorporated into a new exercise program after the end of this experiment. Data distribution was tested using the Shapiro Wilk test. Descriptive statistics are presented as means and standard deviations. Student's independent t-test and chi-square test were used to compare the control and intervention groups regarding the general characteristics and clinical conditions (categorical variables), respectively. Two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for repeated measures was applied for comparisons, with baseline scores used as covariates. When F-ratio was significant, Bonferroni's post hoc test was employed to identify the mean differences. Between group effect size (ES) was calculated to verify magnitude of the difference between groups. The Z-score of the percentage changes (from pre- to post-training) of the raw data for each parameter was calculated, and a total Z-score, derived from the all components was calculated. To verify the differences among groups on total Z-scores, a test T independent also was applied. For all statistical analyses, significance was accepted at P< 0.05. The data were analyzed using STATISTICA software version 13.2 (Statsoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA).

Conditions

Sarcopenic Obesity; Inflammation; Functional Capacity

Keywords

resistance training; inflammatory markers; functional capacity

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: FACTORIAL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

experimental intervention

The training group performed the resistance training (RT) program. All participants were personally supervised by physical education professionals with substantial RT experience. The sessions were performed 3 times per week on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, wirh 3 sets of 10-15 repetition maximums (RM).The RT program was performed in the following order: chest press, seated row, triceps pushdown, preacher curl, horizontal leg press, knee extension, leg curl, , and seated calf raise. Participants were afforded a 1 to 2 min rest interval between sets and 2 to 3 min between each exercise. The training load was consistent with the prescribed number of repetitions for the three sets of each exercise.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

resistance training

Intervention Type: OTHER

Participants from TG performed program, executed in 3 sets of 10-15RM, 3 times per week on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. The RT program was composed of 8 exercises comprising one exercise with free weights and seven with machines performed in the following order: chest press, horizontal leg press, seated row, knee extension, preacher curl (free weights), leg curl, triceps pushdown, and seated calf raise. All participants were personally supervised by physical education professionals with substantial RT experience to help ensure consistent and safe exercise performance. Participants were instructed to inhale during the eccentric phase and exhale during the concentric phase while maintaining a constant velocity of movement at a ratio of approximately 1:2 seconds (concentric and eccentric phases, respectively). Participants were afforded 1 to 2 min of rest between sets and 2 to 3 min between each exercise. The average duration of each session lasted approximately 50-60 minutes.

control group

The control group did not perform any type of physical exercise during the intervention period.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

resistance training

Participants from TG performed program, executed in 3 sets of 10-15RM, 3 times per week on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. The RT program was composed of 8 exercises comprising one exercise with free weights and seven with machines performed in the following order: chest press, horizontal leg press, seated row, knee extension, preacher curl (free weights), leg curl, triceps pushdown, and seated calf raise. All participants were personally supervised by physical education professionals with substantial RT experience to help ensure consistent and safe exercise performance. Participants were instructed to inhale during the eccentric phase and exhale during the concentric phase while maintaining a constant velocity of movement at a ratio of approximately 1:2 seconds (concentric and eccentric phases, respectively). Participants were afforded 1 to 2 min of rest between sets and 2 to 3 min between each exercise. The average duration of each session lasted approximately 50-60 minutes.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• 60 years old or more;
• presented sarcopenic obesity SO [which was defined by the simultaneous presence of sarcopenia and obesity (Batsis et al., 2015; Studenski et al., 2014), whereas women were considered sarcopenic if appendicular lean soft tissue (LST) <15.02 kg, and obese if percentage of body fat ≥ 35% (Batsis et al., 2015)];
• physically independent;
• free from cardiac or orthopedic dysfunction;
• not receiving hormonal replacement and/or thyroid therapy;
• not using equipment that would compromise the accomplishment of protocols and tests;
• not performing any regular physical exercise more than once a week over the six months preceding the beginning of the investigation.

Exclusion Criteria

• individuals with any metallic implant or artificial pacemaker, who had undergone surgery, who were unable to perform the tests and trainings;
• volunteers who failed the medical examination for any reason;
• refused or were unable to give consent.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: FEMALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Universidade Estadual de Londrina

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Crisieli Maria Tomeleri

Doctor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Other Identifiers

UELGEP2017

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id