Subscapularis Tears in Large to Massive Rotator Cuff Tear
NCT ID: NCT03352180
Last Updated: 2017-11-24
Study Results
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Basic Information
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UNKNOWN
NA
150 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2017-11-21
2019-07-11
Brief Summary
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Background and purpose:
The subscarpularis tendon is essential force maintaining normal glenohumeral biomechanics. However, there are few studies which have addressed the outcomes of tears extending to the subscapularis tendon in massive rotator cuff tears. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical and structural outcomes of arthroscopic reapair of massive rotator cuff tears involving the subscapulrais.
Detailed Description
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Patient Selection This study targeted patients who had undergone arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, which was performed by a single surgeon in our institution between January 2010 and January 2014.
The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) a full-thickness superoposterior rotator cuff tear larger than 5 cm(19) or complete superoposterior rotator cuff tear(24) identified on preoperative MRI and intra operative arthroscopic findings, (2) a follow-up MRI evaluation at 6 months after surgery, and (3) a clinical assessment performed a minimum 2 years postoperatively. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) small, medium, or large tears(21); (2) a partial-thickness tear; (3) an isolated subscapularis tear; (4) failure of subscapularis repair at the time of the index procedure; (5) previous rotator cuff surgery of the affected shoulder; (6) concomitant surgery for glenohumeral joint instability or other bony procedure; and (7) substantial glenohumeral arthritis (Hamada classification29 grade 4) or inflammatory arthropathy of the affected shoulder.
Tear Classification Rotator cuff tear patterns were classified into the following 3 categories according to the tear size of the subscapularis tendon on preoperative MRI: I-massive tear, intact subscapularis tendon; S-massive tear, tear involving half or less than half of the subscapularis tendon; and L-massive tear, tear extending to more than half of the subscapularis tendon.
Clinical Assessments Clinical data were recorded on the day before surgery and at final follow-up (at least 24 months postoperatively) by fellowship trainees. Four outcome measures were used in this study: VAS pain score, ASES score, Constant score, and active shoulder ROM. The ASES score involves a score summation using a 100-point system (50 points for daily function and 50 points for pain).
Radiographic Evaluation A standard set of plain radiographs was obtained as follows: anteroposterior (AP) views in internal rotation and external rotation, supraspinatus outlet view, axillary view, and Rockwood view (30 caudally angled AP view). We evaluated fatty degeneration of the rotator cuff muscle preoperatively with MRI, using the 5-stage grading system27: grade 0, no fatty deposit; grade 1, some fatty streaks; grade 2, more muscle than fat; grade 3, as much muscle as fat; and grade 4, less muscle than fat. The integrity of rotator cuff repair was determined by ultrasonographic evaluation. All patients underwent a postoperative ultrasonographic examination at 4.5 months and 12 months or later after surgery. One specialized radiologist with more than 10 years of experience in musculoskeletal ultrasonography performed all follow-up examinations using an HDI 5000 system or an IU-22 system (both from Philips Healthcare). He did not receive any information on intraoperative findings and subsequent operative procedures. An ultrasonographic evaluation of the rotator cuff was performed according to the standard protocol.42 The ultrasound criteria for the diagnosis of full-thickness rotator cuff tears were as follows5,54: (1) absence of observation of the supraspinatus tendon attributable to retraction under the acromioclavicular joint; (2) localized absence or focal discontinuity of the rotator cuff with concomitant loss of the normal anterior arc of the subdeltoid bursa; (3) loss of the normal supraspinatus substance with widening of the gap between the supraspinatus and biceps tendons, including exposure of a bare area of bone and cartilage; (4) a hypoechoic or anechoic cleft extending through the entire substance of the rotator cuff; and (5) coexistence of fluid in the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa and/or presence of fluid in the sheath of the long head of the biceps tendon. Partialthickness tears were diagnosed based on the presence of a focal hypoechoic or anechoic defect in the tendon, involving either the bursal or articular surface and manifesting in 2 perpendicular planes.54
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
TRIPLE
Study Groups
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subscapularis tendon repair
arthroscopic reapir of subscapularis tendon
arthroscopic reapir of subscapularis tendon
arthroscopic reapir of massive rotator cuff tears involving the subscapularis.
subscapularis tendon debridement
arthroscopic debredement of subscapularis tendon
arthroscopic debridement of subscapularis tendon
arthroscopic debridement of massive rotator cuff tears involving the subscapularis.
Interventions
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arthroscopic reapir of subscapularis tendon
arthroscopic reapir of massive rotator cuff tears involving the subscapularis.
arthroscopic debridement of subscapularis tendon
arthroscopic debridement of massive rotator cuff tears involving the subscapularis.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
2. a follow-up MRI evaluation at 6 months after surgery, and
3. a clinical assessment performed a minimum 2 years postoperatively.
Exclusion Criteria
2. a partial-thickness tear
3. an isolated subscapularis tear
4. failure of subscapularis repair at the time of the index procedure
5. previous rotator cuff surgery of the affected shoulder
6. concomitant surgery for glenohumeral joint instability or other bony procedure
7. substantial glenohumeral arthritis (Hamada classification grade 4) or inflammatory arthropathy of the affected shoulder.
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Wonkwang University Hospital
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Jeong Woo Kim
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea Professor Jeong Woo Kim, MD
Locations
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Wonkwang University Hospital
Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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Jeong Woo Kim
Role: primary
Other Identifiers
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201608-HR091
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id