Investigation of the Effect of Different Eye Exercises on Hypermetropia in School-age Children

NCT ID: NCT03347734

Last Updated: 2018-05-11

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 60 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2017-02-01
• Study Completion Date: 2017-10-25

Brief Summary

Hypermetropia in school-aged children is a pathology which is very common and responds to treatments early. No studies have been found in the literature on the efficancy of the hypermetropia treatments with physiotherapy methods. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of different eye exercises on hypermetropia defects in school age children aged 7-17 years and to determine whether exercise protocols have superiority against each other.

Detailed Description

60 volunteer school-aged children (30 girls, 30 boys, between 7-17 years of age) were included in our study. 60 participants were randomly divided into three groups: eye exercises, convergence exercises and oculomotor exercise groups. Home exercise protocols were given to all groups for 2 sessions per day for 6 weeks, and regular phone calls were made once a week. Participants were assessed for their hypermetropic grades by autorefractometry, visual acuity by snellen chart, near and sharp visual acuity by activities of daily vision scale, and the health-related quality of life by pediatric quality of life inventory 4.0 version (PEDSQI 4.0) children report.

Conditions

Hyperopia

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

Eye Exercises Group (EEG)

For the individuals in the group of eye exercises (GEG), 10 repetitive eye exercises protocol was organized as a home program for 6 weeks, twice a day in the morning and evening each day of the week.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Eye exercises group

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

• 20 times hot water, 20 times cold water washing face in the morning and evening.
• Palming; 2 hands are rubbed together and warmed up, and the eyes are closed, and 8 digits are drawn with eyes in darkness.
• 20 blinks
• Looking at a clock in a circular shape, from 12 to 6, from 6 to 12, from 3 to 9, from 9 to 3, from 2 to 8, from 8 to 2, oblique from 10 to 4, from 4 to 10, and turning the eyes starting from 12 clockwise and counterclockwise. At the end of the exercises, 2-3 minutes of light massage around the eyes and on sunny days, sunbathing was recommended by closing the eyes for 3-5 minutes and swinging to the left and right.

Convergence Exercise Group (CEG)

For the individuals in the group of convergence exercise, 5 minutes convergence exercise protocol was organized as a home program for 6 weeks, twice a day in the morning and evening each day of the week.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Convergence exercise group

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

• Close eyes for 15 s,
• Focus on a point 1 to 1.5 ft away for 10 s,
• Close eyes for 5 s,
• Focus on a point 20 ft away for 10 s,
• Close eyes for 5 s,
• Focus on a point 1 to 1.5 ft away for 10 s,
• Blink for 5 s,
• Close eyes for 5 s.

Oculomotor Exercise Group (OMEG)

For the individuals in the group of oculomotor exercise, 10 repetitive, four different oculomotor exercise protocols with eye stabilization were organized as home programs for 6 weeks, twice a day in the morning and evening each day of the week.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Oculomotor Exercise Group (OMEG)

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

• The saccadic eye movement exercise included moving the eyes horizontally between two stationary targets while keeping the head still.
• The smooth pursuit exercise included moving the target horizontally and tracking it with the eyes while keeping the head still.
• The adaptation X1 exercise included moving the head horizontally while keeping the stationary target in focus.
• The adaptation X2 exercise included moving the head and target in opposite directions horizontally while tracking the target with the eyes.

Interventions

Eye exercises group

• 20 times hot water, 20 times cold water washing face in the morning and evening.
• Palming; 2 hands are rubbed together and warmed up, and the eyes are closed, and 8 digits are drawn with eyes in darkness.
• 20 blinks
• Looking at a clock in a circular shape, from 12 to 6, from 6 to 12, from 3 to 9, from 9 to 3, from 2 to 8, from 8 to 2, oblique from 10 to 4, from 4 to 10, and turning the eyes starting from 12 clockwise and counterclockwise. At the end of the exercises, 2-3 minutes of light massage around the eyes and on sunny days, sunbathing was recommended by closing the eyes for 3-5 minutes and swinging to the left and right.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Convergence exercise group

• Close eyes for 15 s,
• Focus on a point 1 to 1.5 ft away for 10 s,
• Close eyes for 5 s,
• Focus on a point 20 ft away for 10 s,
• Close eyes for 5 s,
• Focus on a point 1 to 1.5 ft away for 10 s,
• Blink for 5 s,
• Close eyes for 5 s.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Oculomotor Exercise Group (OMEG)

• The saccadic eye movement exercise included moving the eyes horizontally between two stationary targets while keeping the head still.
• The smooth pursuit exercise included moving the target horizontally and tracking it with the eyes while keeping the head still.
• The adaptation X1 exercise included moving the head horizontally while keeping the stationary target in focus.
• The adaptation X2 exercise included moving the head and target in opposite directions horizontally while tracking the target with the eyes.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Having hypermetropia eye defects
• Max. having a 1.50 D astigmatism defect
• Using glasses
• Having mental capacity in the level to understand and do exercises
• Not having systemic disease preventing exercise

Exclusion Criteria

• Having undergone eye surgery
• Having more than 1.50 D astigmatism defect
• Not using glasses

• Minimum Eligible Age: 7 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 17 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Medipol University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Gülay Aras

Lecturer

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Candan Algun

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Faculty of Health Sciences

Locations

Istanbul Medipol Universty

Istanbul, Beykoz, Turkey (Türkiye)

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

References

Langer E, Djikic M, Pirson M, Madenci A, Donohue R. Believing is seeing: using mindlessness (mindfully) to improve visual acuity. Psychol Sci. 2010 May;21(5):661-6. doi: 10.1177/0956797610366543. Epub 2010 Mar 19.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 20483844 (View on PubMed)

Morimoto H, Asai Y, Johnson EG, Lohman EB, Khoo K, Mizutani Y, Mizutani T. Effect of oculo-motor and gaze stability exercises on postural stability and dynamic visual acuity in healthy young adults. Gait Posture. 2011 Apr;33(4):600-3. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.01.016. Epub 2011 Feb 19.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 21334899 (View on PubMed)

Kang MT, Li SM, Peng X, Li L, Ran A, Meng B, Sun Y, Liu LR, Li H, Millodot M, Wang N. Chinese Eye Exercises and Myopia Development in School Age Children: A Nested Case-control Study. Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 22;6:28531. doi: 10.1038/srep28531.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 27329615 (View on PubMed)

Study Documents

Document Type: Clinical Study Report

View Document

Related Links

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyes_exercise

History of eyes exercise

Other Identifiers

10840098-604.01.01- E.14383

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id