Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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UNKNOWN
150 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
2020-12-01
2021-12-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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* Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process that degrades cellular organelles and proteins to maintain cellular biosynthesis during stress ; cancer cells induced autophagy to counteract with anticancer therapy by helping them to evade apoptotic pathway .Autophagy is achieved by many autophagy-related genes .
* Previous studies found that human bladder cancer cell lines exhibit high basal level of autophagic activity that may contribute to resistance to current anticancer treatment, so targeting basal autophagy may help to develop novel therapeutic strategies . Autophagy is potently induced by activating transcription factor 6(Endoplasmic Reticulum stress marker) , and Malondialdehyde (oxidative stress marker) .
* Recently several studies demonstrated the role of autophagy in Bladder Cancer progression as evidenced by detection of microtubule associated protein and its relevance with muscle invasion beside its grade dependency . Autophagy was grade dependent process . Autophagy related gene 7 is a key protein involved in autophagosomes biogenesis, Knockdown of Autophagy related gene 7 induced apoptotic cell death in bladder cancer cell lines measured by increased caspase 3 level, Based on these previous studies autophagy plays a role in bladder cancer progression so interruption of its pathway may serve a novel target for future therapies.
Conditions
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Study Design
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CASE_CONTROL
RETROSPECTIVE
Study Groups
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Low Grade group
• 50 tumor tissue samples from patients with Low Grade Bladder Cancer undergoing either trans urethral resection of bladder tumor or Radical Cystectomy ,
The followings markers must be estimated :
1. Autophagy markers:
* ( Atg7) level using (quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction).
* (LC3A)level using immunohistochemistry .
2. ER-stress marker: (ATF6) level using ELISA(Enzyme Linked Immuno sorbent Assay)
3. Oxidative stress Marker:(MDA)using chemical method
4. Apoptotic marker:(caspase 3) using(quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction) .
No interventions assigned to this group
High Grade group
• 50 tumor tissue samples from patients with High Grade Bladder Cancer undergoing either trans urethral resection of bladder tumor or Radical Cystectomy,
The followings markers must be estimated :
1. Autophagy markers:
* ( Atg7) level using (quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction).
* (LC3A)level using immunohistochemistry .
2. ER-stress marker: (ATF6) level using ELISA(Enzyme Linked Immuno sorbent Assay)
3. Oxidative stress Marker:(MDA)using chemical method
4. Apoptotic marker:(caspase 3) using (quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction) .
No interventions assigned to this group
Safety margin group
• 50 normal bladder urothelial tissue samples from the safety margin around the tumor(0.5cm to the tumor),
The followings markers must be estimated :
1. Autophagy markers:
* ( Atg7) level using (quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction).
* (LC3A)level using immunohistochemistry .
2. ER-stress marker: (ATF6) level using ELISA(Enzyme Linked Immuno sorbent Assay)
3. Oxidative stress Marker:(MDA)using chemical method
4. Apoptotic marker:(caspase 3) using (quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction).
No interventions assigned to this group
Control group
• 50 (age and sex matched )control
The followings markers must be estimated :
1. Autophagy markers:
* ( Atg7) level using (quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction).
* (LC3A)level using immunohistochemistry .
2. ER-stress marker: (ATF6) level using ELISA(Enzyme Linked Immuno sorbent Assay)
3. Oxidative stress Marker:(MDA)using chemical method
4. Apoptotic marker:(caspase 3) using (quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction)..
No interventions assigned to this group
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
Exclusion Criteria
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Assiut University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Shaimaa Ramadan
Principal investigator
Principal Investigators
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Shaimaa Shakhoun
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Assiut
Locations
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Assiut
Asyut, , Egypt
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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References
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Woldu SL, Bagrodia A, Lotan Y. Guideline of guidelines: non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. BJU Int. 2017 Mar;119(3):371-380. doi: 10.1111/bju.13760. Epub 2017 Jan 24.
Mathew R, Karantza-Wadsworth V, White E. Assessing metabolic stress and autophagy status in epithelial tumors. Methods Enzymol. 2009;453:53-81. doi: 10.1016/S0076-6879(08)04004-4.
Kondo Y, Kanzawa T, Sawaya R, Kondo S. The role of autophagy in cancer development and response to therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2005 Sep;5(9):726-34. doi: 10.1038/nrc1692.
Mizushima N. Autophagy: process and function. Genes Dev. 2007 Nov 15;21(22):2861-73. doi: 10.1101/gad.1599207.
Lin YC, Lin JF, Wen SI, Yang SC, Tsai TF, Chen HE, Chou KY, Hwang TI. Inhibition of High Basal Level of Autophagy Induces Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cells. J Urol. 2016 Apr;195(4 Pt 1):1126-35. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.10.128. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
Maiuri MC, Zalckvar E, Kimchi A, Kroemer G. Self-eating and self-killing: crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Sep;8(9):741-52. doi: 10.1038/nrm2239.
Yang ZJ, Chee CE, Huang S, Sinicrope FA. The role of autophagy in cancer: therapeutic implications. Mol Cancer Ther. 2011 Sep;10(9):1533-41. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0047. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
Sivridis E, Koukourakis MI, Mendrinos SE, Touloupidis S, Giatromanolaki A. Patterns of autophagy in urothelial cell carcinomas--the significance of "stone-like" structures (SLS) in transurethral resection biopsies. Urol Oncol. 2013 Oct;31(7):1254-60. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2011.12.016. Epub 2012 Jan 24.
Ojha R, Singh SK, Bhattacharyya S, Dhanda RS, Rakha A, Mandal AK, Jha V. Inhibition of grade dependent autophagy in urothelial carcinoma increases cell death under nutritional limiting condition and potentiates the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agent. J Urol. 2014 Jun;191(6):1889-98. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.01.006. Epub 2014 Jan 15.
Mukhopadhyay S, Sinha N, Das DN, Panda PK, Naik PP, Bhutia SK. Clinical relevance of autophagic therapy in cancer: Investigating the current trends, challenges, and future prospects. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2016 Aug;53(4):228-52. doi: 10.3109/10408363.2015.1135103. Epub 2016 Feb 16.
Other Identifiers
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ABC
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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