Sanitation Demand Creation in Peri-Urban Slums of Lusaka, Zambia

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

1085 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2017-08-07

Study Completion Date

2018-03-05

Brief Summary

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This intervention will experimentally test the hypothesis that sanitation can be improved in a peri-urban setting using state-of-the-art behaviour change communications.

Formative research indicated that landlords are the effective decision-makers about investments in sanitation on their plots (which can include a number of tenant households as well). Landlords will therefore be the primary targets of the intervention. The study will take the form of a randomized controlled trial of the intervention evaluated at the plot level. The intervention will invite enrolled landlords to a series of meetings in which various mechanisms will be used, each designed to increase their likelihood of improving the toilet(s) on their plot. These meetings will be the main vehicle for a status-building campaign associated with increasing wealth by improving plot sanitation, understanding tenants' implicit demand, understanding the processes by which toilets can be improved, and a competition rewarding landlords that make the greatest improvements to the improvement of their toilet(s). The desired improvements will be measured via multiple primary outcomes that measure aspects of changes to hardware and software components, including indicators of hygienic quality, psychological desirability, accessibility, and ecological sustainability. This is because the investigators argue that, to have a significant impact on population-level diarrheal disease indicators, any sanitation solution must be:

* effective at reducing exposure to pathogens (i.e., hygienic),
* desirable (i.e., seen as valuable or humane), and
* accessible (i.e., no one excluded), so that it can be used by all
* for a reasonably long time (i.e., sustainable)

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Diarrhea

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

A random sample of plots will be selected in Bauleni Compound and invited to participate. Intervention allocation will also be randomized, with approximately equal numbers of plots allocated to the intervention and control arms. Within the chosen plots, resident landlord households will receive the intervention and resident landlord households and one randomly selected tenant household will be chosen for data collection for both intervention and control plots.

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

The study will be partially single blinded. Participants and investigators cannot be masked to the intervention but outcome assessors will not know where the intervention has taken place and will be given only minimal information to enable assessment of intervention exposure at the end of the survey.

Study Groups

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Intervention

Landlords on selected plots will receive the "Bauleni Secret" intervention. Landlords and selected tenants will be surveyed in baseline/end-line data collection.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Bauleni Secret

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The intervention will invite enrolled landlords to a series of meetings in which various mechanisms will be used, each designed to increase their likelihood of improving the toilet(s) on their plot. These meetings will be the main vehicle for a status-building campaign associated with increasing wealth by improving plot sanitation, understanding tenants' implicit demand, understanding the processes by which toilets can be improved, and a competition rewarding landlords that make the greatest improvements to the improvement of their toilet(s).

Control

Landlords and selected tenants will be surveyed in baseline/end-line data collection only.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Bauleni Secret

The intervention will invite enrolled landlords to a series of meetings in which various mechanisms will be used, each designed to increase their likelihood of improving the toilet(s) on their plot. These meetings will be the main vehicle for a status-building campaign associated with increasing wealth by improving plot sanitation, understanding tenants' implicit demand, understanding the processes by which toilets can be improved, and a competition rewarding landlords that make the greatest improvements to the improvement of their toilet(s).

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Plot located in Bauleni compound
* Adult landlord (age 18 or higher) resides on plot

\* Adult landlord or tenant (age 18 or higher) resides on selected plot most of the time