Intermittent Hypoxia to Enhance Motor Function After Spinal Cord Injury

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

17 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2017-07-10

Study Completion Date

2020-09-01

Brief Summary

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This study will examine if acute intermittent hypoxia (brief episodes of breathing lower oxygen), which has been shown to enhance plasticity and motor output, can enhance functional outcomes and muscle activation in individuals with spinal cord injury. Our aim is to assess breathing, sitting, standing and walking functional ability before and after acute intermittent hypoxia, compared to a sham treatment. This information may be useful in advancing rehabilitation for people with spinal cord injuries.

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Detailed Description

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Recent evidence has shown that acute intermittent hypoxia can strengthen motor pathways after spinal cord injury, and enhance walking outcomes after walking rehabilitation compared to walking rehabilitation alone. A single session of acute intermittent hypoxia has also been shown to temporarily enhance breathing and limb strength in people with spinal cord injury. Further evidence supports the hypothesis that acute intermittent hypoxia acts on all motor pathways, and thus can enhance the strength of most muscles in the body.

Spinal cord injury affects the muscles that control respiration. Decreased respiratory muscle function can lead to diseases of the respiratory system, which are the primary cause of death and significant cause of re-hospitalization after spinal cord injury. Deficits in postural muscle function affect one's ability to balance, safely maintain a seated position, or ambulate after spinal cord injury, severely impacting daily activities such as self-care and feeding skills.

This study will test the hypothesis that a single session of acute intermittent hypoxia will increase strength and activation of the muscles that control respiration and posture, leading to improved scores on functional assessments in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury. Our long term goal is to better understand the therapeutic potential of acute intermittent hypoxia combined with physical rehabilitation for individuals with chronic spinal cord injury.

Conditions

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Spinal Cord Injuries

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Subjects will be asked to participate in two visits at least 7 days apart. Subjects will be assessed on various clinical outcomes before and after an exposure to one of two treatments. In one visit, subjects will be assessed before and after acute intermittent hypoxia, consisting of brief exposures of breathing low oxygen air, alternated with brief exposures to room air. In the other visit, subjects will be assessed before and after an exposure to a sham treatment, consisting of breathing brief exposures of normal oxygen air, alternated with brief exposures to room air. Subjects will undergo acute intermittent hypoxia or a sham treatment in a randomized order.

Study Groups

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Acute Intermittent Hypoxia, then Sham Intermittent Hypoxia

Subjects with chronic spinal cord injury first received an acute intermittent hypoxia protocol with low oxygen air (9-15% inspired oxygen). After a washout period of at least one week, they then received sham intermittent hypoxia with normal oxygen air (21% inspired oxygen).

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Hypoxia via Hypoxico Hyp-123

Intervention Type DEVICE

During acute intermittent hypoxia, subjects will undergo 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of low oxygen air (9-15% inspired oxygen) delivered by an air generator, alternated with 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of ambient room air.

Sham via Hypoxico Hyp-123

Intervention Type DEVICE

During sham intermittent hypoxia, subjects will undergo 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of normal oxygen air (21% inspired oxygen) delivered by an air generator, alternated with 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of ambient room air.

Sham Intermittent Hypoxia, then Acute Intermittent Hypoxia

Subjects with chronic spinal cord injury first received a sham (placebo) intermittent hypoxia protocol with normal oxygen air (21% inspired oxygen). After a washout period of at least one week, they then received an acute intermittent hypoxia protocol with low oxygen air (9-15% inspired oxygen).

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Hypoxia via Hypoxico Hyp-123

Intervention Type DEVICE

During acute intermittent hypoxia, subjects will undergo 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of low oxygen air (9-15% inspired oxygen) delivered by an air generator, alternated with 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of ambient room air.

Sham via Hypoxico Hyp-123

Intervention Type DEVICE

During sham intermittent hypoxia, subjects will undergo 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of normal oxygen air (21% inspired oxygen) delivered by an air generator, alternated with 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of ambient room air.

Interventions

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Hypoxia via Hypoxico Hyp-123

During acute intermittent hypoxia, subjects will undergo 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of low oxygen air (9-15% inspired oxygen) delivered by an air generator, alternated with 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of ambient room air.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Sham via Hypoxico Hyp-123

During sham intermittent hypoxia, subjects will undergo 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of normal oxygen air (21% inspired oxygen) delivered by an air generator, alternated with 15 brief exposures (60-120 seconds) of ambient room air.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Other Intervention Names

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Altitude Generator Altitude Generator

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. Male or female, ages 18-65
2. Greater than 6 months post-spinal cord injury
3. Spinal cord injury affecting segments between C4-T12
4. No other known neurological disorders
5. Able to provide informed consent
6. no severe musculoskeletal impairments, open wounds, or skin lesions that would limit participation in functional assessments.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Presence of a self-reported uncontrolled medical condition including, but not limited to: cardiovascular disease; sleep apnea; obstructive lung disease; severe neuropathic or chronic pain; severe recurrent autonomic dysreflexia
2. Severe, untreated bladder or urinary tract infection
3. Presence of severe musculoskeletal impairments, open wounds, or skin lesions that would limit participation in functional assessments
4. Women who report being pregnant or test positive on a pregnancy test

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No