Comparison of Pulmonary Vein Ablation With or Without Left Atrial Posterior Wall Ablation for Persistent AF (PIVoTAL)

NCT ID: NCT03057548

Last Updated: 2025-11-05

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

110 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2017-02-24

Study Completion Date

2020-05-31

Brief Summary

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The purpose of this study it to learn whether pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) along with ablation of the posterior left atrial wall (PLAW) will reduce the likelihood of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence in patients with persistent or long-standing persistent AF one year after an ablation procedure in comparison to a PVI ablation procedure, alone.

The investigator hypothesizes that the combination of PVI plus PLAW isolation will result in a reduction in recurrence of atrial arrhythmias at one year after ablation.

Detailed Description

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Patients with persistent or long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation will be enrolled in this multi-center, randomized, prospective, single-blinded study. All patients are required to be in atrial fibrillation (AF) on the day of the ablation procedure. After ablation (isolation) of the pulmonary veins (PVI) is complete, and while still in the electrophysiology lab, all patients are randomized to either PVI, alone \[Group 1\] or the combination of PVI plus ablation of the posterior left atrial wall (PLAW) \[Group 2\]. For those patients randomized to PVI, their ablation procedure is complete at this time. For those patients randomized to PVI plus PLAW, they will have the additional ablation to the posterior left atrial wall performed.

All study patients have the same follow-up after their ablation procedure: clinic visits at 3, 6, and 13 months; a heart event monitor is worn for 7-14 days before these visits. An echocardiogram is done at 4-6 months after the ablation procedure. Blood thinners are usually recommended for three months after the ablation procedure and then the need for continued use of blood thinners will be based on individual patient's medical history, stroke risk and the judgement of their study doctor. Information about patient's medical history, heart arrhythmias, and atrial fibrillation will be collected during the study. This information will be analyzed as part of the study.

Conditions

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Atrial Fibrillation Chronic Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Investigators

Study Groups

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Pulmonary Vein Isolation (PVI)

Cryoablation only of Pulmonary Veins

or

Radiofrequency ablation only of Pulmonary Veins

Pulmonary Vein Isolation (PVI) alone.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Cryo or Radiofrequency (RF) Ablation only of Pulmonary Veins

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Artic Front Advance Cardiac Cryoablation System used to ablate the Pulmonary Veins

OR

FDA Approved RF Ablation Catheter used to ablate the Pulmonary Veins.

Ablation of the Pulmonary Veins alone

PVI & Posterior Left Atrial Ablation

Cryoablation of Pulmonary Veins plus RF ablation of Posterior Left Atrial Wall

or

Radiofrequency ablation of Pulmonary Veins plus RF ablation of Posterior Left Atrial Wall

PVI ablation plus ablation of the Posterior Left Atrial Wall (PLAW)

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Cryo or RF Ablation of Pulmonary Veins plus Ablation of the PLAW

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Cryoablation of the Pulmonary Veins plus RF Ablation of the PLAW

OR

RF Ablation of the Pulmonary Veins plus RF Ablation of the PLAW

Ablation of the Pulmonary Veins plus RF ablation of the Posterior Left Atrial Wall (PLAW)

Interventions

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Cryo or RF Ablation of Pulmonary Veins plus Ablation of the PLAW

Cryoablation of the Pulmonary Veins plus RF Ablation of the PLAW

OR

RF Ablation of the Pulmonary Veins plus RF Ablation of the PLAW

Ablation of the Pulmonary Veins plus RF ablation of the Posterior Left Atrial Wall (PLAW)

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Cryo or Radiofrequency (RF) Ablation only of Pulmonary Veins

Artic Front Advance Cardiac Cryoablation System used to ablate the Pulmonary Veins

OR

FDA Approved RF Ablation Catheter used to ablate the Pulmonary Veins.

Ablation of the Pulmonary Veins alone

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Other Intervention Names

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Artic Front Advance Cardiac Cryoablation System FDA Approved Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter Cryoablation of Pulmonary Veins plus RF Ablation of PLAW RF Ablation of Pulmonary Veins plus RF Ablation of PLAW

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Males and females with an age \>18 years undergoing a first-time catheter ablation of AF; prior ablation of a right atrial cardiac arrhythmia (i.e., typical right atrial flutter) is permitted
* All patients must understand the requirements of the study and be willing to comply with the post-study follow-up requirements
* Patients must be in AF on the day of the procedure

Exclusion Criteria

* Any reversible cause of AF (post-operative, thyroid disorder, etc)
* Patients with cerebral ischemic events (stroke or transient ischemic attack), myocardial infarction or unstable angina in the previous 2 months
* Patients with any corrected or uncorrected congenital heart disease
* Patients with a history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
* Patients with cardiomyopathy and a left ventricular ejection fraction \<35%
* Congestive heart failure, class IV
* Women who are known to be pregnant or have had a positive β-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (β-HCG) test 7 days prior to procedure
* Patients whose life expectancy is \<1 year
* History of left-sided left atrial ablation (catheter or surgically-based)
* Mental impairment precluding the patient from providing informed consent or completing appropriate follow-up
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Arash Aryana, MD

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Arash Aryana, MD

Cardiac Electrophysiologist / Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role SPONSOR_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Arash Aryana, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Mercy General Hospital and Dignity Health Heart and Vascular Institute

Locations

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Mercy General Hospital and Dignity Health Heart and Vascular Institute

Sacramento, California, United States

Site Status

Heart Center, Japan Red Cross Yokohama-city Bay Hospital

Yokohama, , Japan

Site Status

Countries

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United States Japan

References

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Brooks AG, Stiles MK, Laborderie J, Lau DH, Kuklik P, Shipp NJ, Hsu LF, Sanders P. Outcomes of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation ablation: a systematic review. Heart Rhythm. 2010 Jun;7(6):835-46. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.01.017. Epub 2010 Jan 22.

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Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Shah DC, Takahashi A, Hocini M, Quiniou G, Garrigue S, Le Mouroux A, Le Metayer P, Clementy J. Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins. N Engl J Med. 1998 Sep 3;339(10):659-66. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199809033391003.

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Elbatran AI, Anderson RH, Mori S, Saba MM. The rationale for isolation of the left atrial pulmonary venous component to control atrial fibrillation: A review article. Heart Rhythm. 2019 Sep;16(9):1392-1398. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.03.012. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

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Cutler MJ, Johnson J, Abozguia K, Rowan S, Lewis W, Costantini O, Natale A, Ziv O. Impact of Voltage Mapping to Guide Whether to Perform Ablation of the Posterior Wall in Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2016 Jan;27(1):13-21. doi: 10.1111/jce.12830. Epub 2015 Oct 30.

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Okumura Y, Watanabe I, Iso K, Takahashi K, Nagashima K, Sonoda K, Mano H, Yamaguchi N, Kogawa R, Watanabe R, Arai M, Ohkubo K, Kurokawa S, Nakai T, Hirayama A. Mechanistic Insights Into Durable Pulmonary Vein Isolation Achieved by Second-Generation Cryoballoon Ablation. J Atr Fibrillation. 2017 Apr 30;9(6):1538. doi: 10.4022/jafib.1538. eCollection 2017 Apr-May.

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Reddy VY, Sediva L, Petru J, Skoda J, Chovanec M, Chitovova Z, Di Stefano P, Rubin E, Dukkipati S, Neuzil P. Durability of Pulmonary Vein Isolation with Cryoballoon Ablation: Results from the Sustained PV Isolation with Arctic Front Advance (SUPIR) Study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015 May;26(5):493-500. doi: 10.1111/jce.12626. Epub 2015 Apr 15.

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Aryana A, Baker JH, Espinosa Ginic MA, Pujara DK, Bowers MR, O'Neill PG, Ellenbogen KA, Di Biase L, d'Avila A, Natale A. Posterior wall isolation using the cryoballoon in conjunction with pulmonary vein ablation is superior to pulmonary vein isolation alone in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: A multicenter experience. Heart Rhythm. 2018 Aug;15(8):1121-1129. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.05.014.

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Provided Documents

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Document Type: Study Protocol

View Document

Document Type: Informed Consent Form

View Document

Other Identifiers

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PIVotal-01

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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