A Phase 2/3 Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of Bardoxolone Methyl in Patients With Alport Syndrome - CARDINAL

NCT ID: NCT03019185

Last Updated: 2025-06-11

Study Results

Results available

Outcome measurements, participant flow, baseline characteristics, and adverse events have been published for this study.

View full results

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE2/PHASE3

Total Enrollment

187 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2017-03-02

Study Completion Date

2020-10-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

This international, multi-center, Phase 2/3 trial will study the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of bardoxolone methyl in qualified patients with Alport syndrome. The Phase 2 portion of the trial will be open-label and enroll up to 30 patients. The Phase 3 portion of the trial will be double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled and will enroll up to 180 patients.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

This international, multi-center, Phase 2/3 trial will study the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of bardoxolone methyl in qualified patients with Alport syndrome. The Phase 2 portion of the trial will be open-label and enroll up to 30 patients. The Phase 3 portion of the trial will be double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled and will enroll up to 180 patients.

Patients in the Phase 2 cohort will receive bardoxolone methyl throughout the study. Patients in the Phase 3 cohort will be randomized 1:1 to either bardoxolone methyl or placebo and randomization will be stratified by baseline albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR). Patients randomized to placebo will remain on placebo throughout the study, undergoing sham titration.

All patients in the study will follow the same visit and assessment schedule. Following randomization on Day 1, patients will be scheduled to be assessed during treatment at Weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 52, 64, 76, 88, 100, and 104 and by telephone contact on Days 3, 10, 21, 31, 38, and 45. Patients will not receive study drug during a 4-week withdrawal period between Weeks 48 and 52. They will re-start treatment at Week 52 at the same dose they received at Week 48 and will continue study drug treatment through Week 100. Patients will also be scheduled to be assessed at an in person follow up visit at Week 104, four weeks after the end of treatment.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Alport Syndrome

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

TRIPLE

Participants Caregivers Investigators

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Phase 2 Bardoxolone Methyl

Patients in the Phase 2 cohort will receive bardoxolone methyl throughout the study. Patients with baseline ACR ≤ 300 mg/g will be titrated to a maximum dose of 20 mg, and patients with baseline ACR \> 300 mg/g will be titrated to a maximum dose of 30 mg. Adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) receiving bardoxolone methyl will start with once-daily dosing at 5 mg and will dose-escalate to 10 mg at Week 2, to 20 mg at Week 4, and then to 30 mg at Week 6 (only if baseline ACR \>300 mg/g) unless contraindicated clinically and approved by the medical monitor. Patients under the age of 18 receiving bardoxolone methyl will start 5 mg every other day during the first week and begin once-daily dosing with 5 mg during the second week of the study, and then continue with once-daily dosing following the same aforementioned dose titration scheme based on baseline ACR at Weeks 2, 4, and 6.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Bardoxolone Methyl

Intervention Type DRUG

Bardoxolone methyl dose escalated from 5 mg to a maximum of 20 or 30 mg, depending on baseline proteinuria status.

Phase 3 Bardoxolone Methyl

Patients with baseline ACR ≤ 300 mg/g will be titrated to a maximum dose of 20 mg, and patients with baseline ACR \> 300 mg/g will be titrated to a maximum dose of 30 mg. Adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) receiving bardoxolone methyl will start with once-daily dosing at 5 mg and will dose-escalate to 10 mg at Week 2, to 20 mg at Week 4, and then to 30 mg at Week 6 (only if baseline ACR \>300 mg/g) unless contraindicated clinically and approved by the medical monitor. Patients under the age of 18 receiving bardoxolone methyl will start 5 mg every other day during the first week and begin once-daily dosing with 5 mg during the second week of the study, and then continue with once-daily dosing following the same aforementioned dose titration scheme based on baseline ACR at Weeks 2, 4, and 6.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Bardoxolone Methyl

Intervention Type DRUG

Bardoxolone methyl dose escalated from 5 mg to a maximum of 20 or 30 mg, depending on baseline proteinuria status.

Phase 3 Placebo

Patients randomized to placebo will remain on placebo throughout the study, undergoing sham titration.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo Oral Capsule

Intervention Type DRUG

Capsule containing an inert placebo

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Placebo Oral Capsule

Capsule containing an inert placebo

Intervention Type DRUG

Bardoxolone Methyl

Bardoxolone methyl dose escalated from 5 mg to a maximum of 20 or 30 mg, depending on baseline proteinuria status.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

RTA 402

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Male and female patients 12 ≤ age ≤ 60 upon study consent;
* Diagnosis of Alport syndrome by genetic testing (documented mutation in a gene associated with Alport syndrome, including COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5) or histologic assessment using electron microscopy;
* Screening eGFR ≥ 30 and ≤ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2. The two eGFR values collected at Screen A and Screen B visits used to determine eligibility must have a percent difference ≤ 25%;
* Albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) ≤ 3500 mg/g at Screen B visit;
* If receiving an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and/or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), the medications must remain the same for at least 6 weeks prior to the Screen A visit and during Screening. The dosage of ACE inhibitor and/or ARB must also be stable for 2 weeks prior to the Screen A visit and remain the same through Day 1 (i.e., no change in dosage or medication). Patients not taking an ACE inhibitor and/or ARB because of a medical contraindication must have discontinued treatment at least 8 weeks prior to the Screen A visit;
* Adequate bone marrow reserve and organ function at the Screen A visit
* Able to swallow capsules;
* Willing and able to comply with scheduled visits, treatment plan, laboratory tests, and other study procedures;

Exclusion Criteria

* Prior exposure to bardoxolone methyl;
* Ongoing chronic hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis therapy;
* Renal transplant recipient;
* B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level \> 200 pg/mL at Screen A visit;
* Uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c \> 11.0%) at Screen A visit;
* Acute dialysis or acute kidney injury within 12 weeks prior to Screen A visit or during Screening;
* Serum albumin \< 3 g/dL at Screen A visit;
* History of clinically significant left-sided heart disease and/or clinically significant cardiac disease, including but not limited to any of the following:
* Uncontrolled systemic hypertension as evidenced by sitting systolic blood pressure (BP) \> 160 mm Hg or sitting diastolic BP \> 100 mm Hg at Screen A visit after a period of rest;
* Systolic BP \< 90 mm Hg at Screen A visit after a period of rest;
* History of malignancy within 5 years prior to Screen A visit, with the exception of localized skin or cervical carcinomas;
* Systemic immunosuppression for more than 2 weeks, cumulatively, within the 12 weeks prior to randomization or anticipated need for immunosuppression during the study;
* Untreated or uncontrolled active bacterial, fungal, or viral infection;
* Participation in other interventional clinical studies within 30 days prior to Day 1;
* Unwilling to practice acceptable methods of birth control (both males who have partners of child-bearing potential and females of childbearing potential) during Screening, while taking study drug, and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug is ingested;
* Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding;
* Known hypersensitivity to any component of the study drug
Minimum Eligible Age

12 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Biogen

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Birmingham, Alabama, United States

Site Status

Arizona Kidney Disease and Hypertension Research Services, PLLC

Phoenix, Arizona, United States

Site Status

Scripps Clinic, Nephrology

La Jolla, California, United States

Site Status

Academic Medical Research Institute

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status

David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status

General Clinical Research Center - Parnassus

San Francisco, California, United States

Site Status

University of California San Francisco - Children's Renal Center

San Francisco, California, United States

Site Status

Denver Nephrologists PC

Denver, Colorado, United States

Site Status

South Florida Research Institute

Lauderdale Lakes, Florida, United States

Site Status

Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Site Status

Boise Kidney & Hypertension Institute

Caldwell, Idaho, United States

Site Status

Boise Kidney & Hypertension Institute

Meridian, Idaho, United States

Site Status

NorthShore University Health System

Evanston, Illinois, United States

Site Status

Biolab Research, LLC

Rockville, Maryland, United States

Site Status

Tufts Medical Center

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

University of Michigan

Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Site Status

University of Minnesota - Division of Pediatric Nephrology

Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Site Status

Children's Research Institute - The Children's Mercy Hospital

Kansas City, Missouri, United States

Site Status

Washington University School of Medicine

St Louis, Missouri, United States

Site Status

Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine

Hackensack, New Jersey, United States

Site Status

Nephrology Associates, PC

Flushing, New York, United States

Site Status

Columbia University Nephrology

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

Duke University Medical Center

Durham, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

Brookview Hills Research Associates, PLLC

Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

Akron Nephrology Associates

Akron, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Akron Children's Hospital

Akron, Ohio, United States

Site Status

University of Cincinnati

Cincinnati, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Oregon Health & Science University

Portland, Oregon, United States

Site Status

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP)

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine - Division of Pediatric Nephrology

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Providence, Rhode Island, United States

Site Status

South Carolina Nephrology & Hypertension Center, Inc

Orangeburg, South Carolina, United States

Site Status

Renal Disease Research Institute

Dallas, Texas, United States

Site Status

Southwest Houston Research

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status

Clinical Advancement Center

San Antonio, Texas, United States

Site Status

University of Utah Health

Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Site Status

Advanced Clinical Research

West Jordan, Utah, United States

Site Status

Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital

Herston, Queensland, Australia

Site Status

Melbourne Renal Research Group

Melbourne, , Australia

Site Status

John Hunter Hospital

New Lambton Heights, , Australia

Site Status

Sydney Children's Hospital

Sydney, , Australia

Site Status

The Children's Hospital at Westmead

Westmead, , Australia

Site Status

CHU Grenoble- Grenoble France

La Tronche, , France

Site Status

CHU Lyon-Hopital Edouard Herriot

Lyon, , France

Site Status

Hopital Necker-Universite Paris Descartes

Paris, , France

Site Status

University of Medicine Gottingen

Göttingen, , Germany

Site Status

University Children's Hospital Heidelberg

Heidelberg, , Germany

Site Status

St Marianna University Hospital

Kawasaki, , Japan

Site Status

Kobe University Hospital

Kobe, , Japan

Site Status

Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital

Nagoya, , Japan

Site Status

JCHO Cyukyo Hospital

Nagoya, , Japan

Site Status

Kitano Hospital

Osaka, , Japan

Site Status

Saga University Hospital

Saga, , Japan

Site Status

Saitama Children's Medical Center

Saitama, , Japan

Site Status

JCHO Sendai Hospital

Sendai, , Japan

Site Status

Juntendo University Hospital

Tokyo, , Japan

Site Status

Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center

Tokyo, , Japan

Site Status

Puerto Rico Clinical & Translational Research Center

Rio Piedras, , Puerto Rico

Site Status

Servicio de Nefrologia pediatrica

Barcelona, , Spain

Site Status

Fundacio Puigvert

Barcelona, , Spain

Site Status

Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca

El Palmar, , Spain

Site Status

Royal Free Hospital

London, , United Kingdom

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States Australia France Germany Japan Puerto Rico Spain United Kingdom

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Warady BA, Pergola PE, Agarwal R, Andreoli S, Appel GB, Bangalore S, Block GA, Chapman AB, Chin MP, Gibson KL, Goldsberry A, Iijima K, Inker LA, Kashtan CE, Knebelmann B, Mariani LH, Meyer CJ, Nozu K, O'Grady M, Rheault MN, Silva AL, Stenvinkel P, Torra R, Chertow GM. Effects of Bardoxolone Methyl in Alport Syndrome. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Dec;17(12):1763-1774. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02400222. Epub 2022 Nov 21.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36411058 (View on PubMed)

Chertow GM, Appel GB, Andreoli S, Bangalore S, Block GA, Chapman AB, Chin MP, Gibson KL, Goldsberry A, Iijima K, Inker LA, Knebelmann B, Mariani LH, Meyer CJ, Nozu K, O'Grady M, Silva AL, Stenvinkel P, Torra R, Warady BA, Pergola PE. Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of the CARDINAL Trial: A Phase 3 Study of Bardoxolone Methyl in Patients with Alport Syndrome. Am J Nephrol. 2021;52(3):180-189. doi: 10.1159/000513777. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 33789284 (View on PubMed)

Kashtan CE, Gross O. Clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Alport syndrome in children, adolescents, and young adults-an update for 2020. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 Mar;36(3):711-719. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04819-6. Epub 2020 Nov 6.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 33159213 (View on PubMed)

Provided Documents

Download supplemental materials such as informed consent forms, study protocols, or participant manuals.

Document Type: Study Protocol: US Protocol

View Document

Document Type: Study Protocol: US Protocol Addendum

View Document

Document Type: Study Protocol: Europe Protocol

View Document

Document Type: Study Protocol: Germany Protocol

View Document

Document Type: Study Protocol: France Spain UK Protocol

View Document

Document Type: Study Protocol: France Spain UK Protocol Addendum

View Document

Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan: Phase 2 SAP

View Document

Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan: Phase 3 SAP

View Document

Related Links

Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.

https://www.cardinalclinicaltrial.com/

Website for the CARDINAL study

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

RTA 402-C-1603

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Phase 3 Study of Dexpramipexole in ALS
NCT01281189 COMPLETED PHASE3
MD1003-AMN MD1003 in Adrenomyeloneuropathy
NCT02961803 COMPLETED PHASE2/PHASE3
Dimethyl Fumarate in Adrenomyeloneuropathy
NCT06513533 RECRUITING PHASE2/PHASE3
ALS Phase II Study of NX210c
NCT06365216 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING PHASE2
EH301 for the Treatment of ALS
NCT03489200 COMPLETED NA