Biobanking of Rett Syndrome and Related Disorders

NCT ID: NCT02705677

Last Updated: 2021-08-05

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 752 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2017-09-01
• Study Completion Date: 2021-07-31

Brief Summary

The overarching purpose of this study is to advance understanding of the natural history of Rett syndrome (RTT), MECP2-duplication disorder (MECP2 Dup), RTT-related disorders including CDKL5, FOXG1, and individuals with MECP2 mutations who do not have RTT. Although all these disorders are the result of specific genetic changes, there remains broad clinical variation that is not entirely accounted for by known biological factors. Additionally, clinical investigators currently do not have any biomarkers of disease status, clinical severity, or responsiveness to therapeutic intervention. To address these issues, biological materials (DNA, RNA, plasma, cell lines) will be collected from affected individuals and in some cases from unaffected family members, initial evaluation performed to identify additional biological factors contributing to disease severity, and these materials will be stored for future characterization.

Detailed Description

At the present time, effective treatments for RTT, MECP2 Dup, or Rett-related disorders are lacking. Investigators have made substantial progress in RTT over the past eleven years such that this study represents a narrowing of focus to mutations or duplications of the MECP2 gene and related disorders, including those with phenotypic overlap. Understanding of RTT has advanced remarkably well through the Rett Syndrome Natural History Clinical Protocol (NHS) and correspondingly advancement in the basic science realm has moved forward with equivalent success. Thus, progress in clinical and basic science has led to the establishment of clinical trials and other translational studies that hold promise for additional clinical trials in future. In the process, however, investigators became aware of additional MECP2- and RTT-related disorders that were unknown at the time the original proposal was conceived and further were impressed by the substantial clinical variability in individuals with RTT that cannot be explained by differences in mutations alone. In fact, variability among individuals with identical mutations has led investigators to search for additional explanations. At the time of the initial application (2002), just three years after the identification of the gene, MECP2, as the molecular link to RTT, investigators were not aware of the variation in clinical disorders related to MECP2 mutations or to the related but quite different MECP2 Dup. Each disorder is characterized by significant neurodevelopmental features related either to alterations in the MECP2 gene or related to phenotypes closely resembling those seen in individuals with RTT. Further, the phenotypic overlap with RTT due to mutations in CDKL5 and FOXG1 was also unexplored. The investigators propose in this new study to build on the substantial progress made in understanding both classic and variant RTT and to add these related disorders, MECP2 Dup and the Rett-related disorders including CDKL5, FOXG1, and individuals with MECP2 mutations who do not have RTT. In conjunction with the longitudinal clinical assessment performed via the natural history component, investigators will systematically collect from all willing participant's blood and isolate plasma, DNA, and RNA. All participants in the Natural History Study will be asked to contribute samples at the initial visit, whereas samples will be collected repeatedly on a subset of participants in order to look for changes over time. In order to identify factors that distinguish between affected and unaffected individuals, as well as to have the potential to characterize the heritability and potential consequences of genetic changes in families, samples will be collected from unaffected family members. Additionally, on a subset of individuals chosen because of unique clinical features skin biopsies and/or hair follicles will be collected to establish cell lines. Investigators will ask all individuals providing samples to agree to potential future whole-genome sequencing in order to be able to potentially evaluate for genetic modifiers of these diseases.

These materials will be stored at a central repository (Greenwood Genetics Laboratory). The main purpose of these samples is to serve as durable materials for future analyses, however, a set of defined analyses will be performed on all samples. For the samples collected in the Rett syndrome cohort, investigators will perform X-chromosome inactivation studies and evaluate common polymorphisms in Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and determine the contribution of these known factors to disease severity. For MECP2 Dup cohort investigators will characterize inflammatory markers in the plasma and correlate these with clinical features. Also for MECP2 Dup cohort investigators will perform detailed genomic breakpoint and gene content analysis and correlate this with disease severity. Similar analysis of genomic breakpoints and gene content will be performed on people with FOXG1 Duplications. Finally, in a pilot study, investigators will perform metabolic profiling on people from all disorders and evaluate for metabolic features correlated with disease severity, and metabolic features common or unique between these disorders. This work will provide a durable resource for future analysis, extend understanding of genotype/phenotype correlations, identify other biological factors contributing to disease severity, as well as provide the framework for the development of biomarkers of disease state and severity.

Conditions

Rett Syndrome; MECP2 Duplication; CDKL5; FOXG1 Disorders

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: COHORT
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Rett syndrome

This is a biobanking project for individuals with mutations in MECP2 or meeting diagnostic criteria for classic (typical) or variant (atypical) Rett syndrome in order to identify other genetic factors such as X-chromosome inactivation or genetic background that may explain the variations noted in these individuals, including those with the same MECP2 mutation. No interventions are anticipated.

No interventions assigned to this group

MECP2 Duplication disorder

This is a biobanking project for individuals with MECP2 duplications to understand the difference in the size of the duplication and the potential impact of other genes in the duplicated segment. No interventions are anticipated.

No interventions assigned to this group

Rett-related disorders: CDKL5, FOXG1

This is a biobanking project for individuals with mutations in MECP2, CDKL5, and FOXG1 to understand the interplay of mutations in these individuals and the resultant phenotypic expression; for example, individuals with mutations in MECP2 but not meeting diagnostic criteria for Rett syndrome or individuals with mutations in CDKL5 or FOXG1 who may or may not meet diagnostic criteria for atypical Rett syndrome. No interventions are anticipated.

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Individuals of both genders and of all ages, with RTT, MECP2 Dup, and, RTT-related disorders including those with mutations or deletions in CDKL5 and FOXG1 genes, or those with RTT (atypical or typical) who are mutation negative. Additionally, unaffected family members of those people who meet the disease specific criteria stated will eligible.

Exclusion Criteria

• Individuals who do not meet the above criteria will be excluded.

• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Office of Rare Diseases (ORD)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of Alabama at Birmingham

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Alan Percy

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Jeffrey L Neul, MD, PhD

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

UCSD

Locations

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Birmingham, Alabama, United States

UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland

Oakland, California, United States

University of California San Diego

San Diego, California, United States

University of Colorado Denver

Denver, Colorado, United States

Rush University Medical Center

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Children's Hospital Boston

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare

Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Washington University School of Medicine and St. Louis Children's Hospital

St Louis, Missouri, United States

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Greenwood Genetic Center

Greenwood, South Carolina, United States

Vanderbilt University

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

Baylor College of Medicine

Houston, Texas, United States

Countries

United States

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Related Links

http://www.rettsyndrome.org/

International Rett Syndrome Foundation website

Other Identifiers

U54HD061222

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

RDCRN # 5213

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id