Whole Body Vibration and External Load Exercise Training on Cardiovascular and Autonomic Function in Obese Individuals

NCT ID: NCT02679898

Last Updated: 2016-02-11

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 60 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2013-09-30
• Study Completion Date: 2015-08-31

Brief Summary

Obesity is directly related to arterial dysfunction and negatively associated to muscle strength. High-intensity resistance exercise is the favored modality to offset muscle weakness, yet, adverse effects on arterial function (pulse wave velocity, wave reflection, and aortic and brachial blood pressures) have been observed. Conventional unloaded-whole body vibration training (WBVT) has improved arterial function in overweight/obese women but appears to be low-intensity. Nevertheless, the effects of moderate-intensity (by adding external load) WBVT on arterial and muscle function are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether loaded-WBVT would induce greater benefits than unloaded-WBVT on arterial and muscle function in young overweight/obese women. Furthermore, we examined whether these changes were similar to healthy lean young women.

Detailed Description

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 6 weeks of loaded-WBVT on arterial stiffness, peripheral and aortic blood pressures, wave reflection, endothelial function, and muscle strength in overweight/obese women.

The specific aims of the study were:

1. To examine whether 6 weeks of loaded-WBVT was more beneficial than unloaded-WBVT in decreasing cardiovascular risk factors by assessing arterial stiffness (aortic, leg, and systemic), aortic blood pressures and wave reflection, brachial blood pressures, autonomic function, endothelial function, and blood flow (leg and arm).

2. To determine the extent to which 6 weeks of loaded-WBVT improved body composition measured by changes in fat and lean mass utilizing dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and waist circumference.

3. To evaluate the effect of 6 wees of loaded-WBVT on muscle strength by using the one-repetition maximum test (leg press and chest press exercises).

Conditions

Obesity

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Lean Control

This arm involves not making any changes to the subject's lifestyle at the moment of the start of the intervention and for 6 weeks.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Overweight/Obese Control

This arm involves not making any changes to the subject's lifestyle at the moment of the start of the intervention and for 6 weeks.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Unloaded-Whole Body Vibration (WBVT)

Lower-body exercise training on a vibration platform

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Unloaded-Whole Body Vibration (WBVT)

Intervention Type: OTHER

The unloaded-WBVT intervention consists of four leg exercises performed dynamically over a vibrating platform 3 times/week for 6 weeks. Dynamic movements were performed with controlled movements starting from an upright position into a 90 and 120 degree knee angle, wide-stance squat, and maximal heel elevation. The training volume increased progressively by increasing the intensity of the vibration (30-35 Hz; low-high amplitude), duration of exercise (30-60 sec), number of sets per exercise (2-8), and total during of training session, while decreasing the rest periods (60-30 sec).

Loaded-Whole Body Vibration (WBVT)

Externally loaded lower-body exercise training on a vibration platform

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Loaded-Whole Body Vibration (WBVT)

Intervention Type: OTHER

The loaded-WBVT intervention consists of four leg exercises performed dynamically over a vibrating platform 3 times/week for 6 weeks. Importantly, an external load was applied to a weight vest to account for the necessary weight to perform a specific number of repetitions (progressed from 15-8 repetitions maximum during the 6 weeks). Dynamic movements were performed with controlled movements starting from an upright position into a 90 and 120 degree knee angle, wide-stance squat, and maximal heel elevation. The training volume increased progressively by increasing the intensity of the vibration (30-35 Hz; low-high amplitude), duration of exercise (30-60 sec), number of sets per exercise (2-8), and total during of training session, while decreasing the rest periods (60-30 sec).

Interventions

Unloaded-Whole Body Vibration (WBVT)

The unloaded-WBVT intervention consists of four leg exercises performed dynamically over a vibrating platform 3 times/week for 6 weeks. Dynamic movements were performed with controlled movements starting from an upright position into a 90 and 120 degree knee angle, wide-stance squat, and maximal heel elevation. The training volume increased progressively by increasing the intensity of the vibration (30-35 Hz; low-high amplitude), duration of exercise (30-60 sec), number of sets per exercise (2-8), and total during of training session, while decreasing the rest periods (60-30 sec).

Intervention Type: OTHER

Loaded-Whole Body Vibration (WBVT)

The loaded-WBVT intervention consists of four leg exercises performed dynamically over a vibrating platform 3 times/week for 6 weeks. Importantly, an external load was applied to a weight vest to account for the necessary weight to perform a specific number of repetitions (progressed from 15-8 repetitions maximum during the 6 weeks). Dynamic movements were performed with controlled movements starting from an upright position into a 90 and 120 degree knee angle, wide-stance squat, and maximal heel elevation. The training volume increased progressively by increasing the intensity of the vibration (30-35 Hz; low-high amplitude), duration of exercise (30-60 sec), number of sets per exercise (2-8), and total during of training session, while decreasing the rest periods (60-30 sec).

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Female
• 18 to 25 years of age
• Sedentary (less than 120 min per wk)
• 15 lean (Body mass index of 18-25 kg/m²)
• 45 overweight/obese (Body mass index of 27-39.9 kg/m²)

Exclusion Criteria

• Younger than 18 or older than 25 years of age
• Body mass index lower than 18 or higher than 39.9
• Physically active or competitively active
• Smokers
• Pregnant
• Irregular menstrual cycle
• Use of dietary supplementations (e.g.,L-arginine,L-citrulline,antioxidants)
• Any contraindications to exercise and/or whole-body vibration exercise

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 25 Years
• Eligible Sex: FEMALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Florida State University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Arturo Figueroa

Associate Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Arturo Figueroa

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Florida State University

Locations

FSU College of Human Sciences

Tallahassee, Florida, United States

Countries

United States

References

Alvarez-Alvarado S, Jaime SJ, Ormsbee MJ, Campbell JC, Post J, Pacilio J, Figueroa A. Benefits of whole-body vibration training on arterial function and muscle strength in young overweight/obese women. Hypertens Res. 2017 May;40(5):487-492. doi: 10.1038/hr.2016.178. Epub 2017 Jan 12.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 28077859 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

HSC201311173

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id