Optimizing Text Messaging to Improve Adherence to Web-Based Cessation Treatment
NCT ID: NCT02585206
Last Updated: 2021-02-16
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
1485 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2018-03-29
2020-07-10
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Phase I involves the initial development and optimization of the text message intervention. The investigators will examine the impact of 4 experimental text message intervention features on smokers' adherence to a web-based cessation intervention during the first 3 months of program enrollment. The investigators will utilize a full factorial design where participants will be randomized to 1 of 2 levels of each of the following features: 1) personalization (yes/no), 2) integration (yes/no), 3) dynamic tailoring (yes/no), and 4) message intensity (standard vs. decreasing). The primary outcome in Phase I will be a composite metric of utilization.
Phase II involves a 2-arm randomized trial that compares WEB alone to WEB plus the text message intervention from Phase I that yields optimal adherence (WEB+OA\_TXT). The randomized trial will use a repeated measures design, with assessments at baseline, 3, 9, and 15 months. Follow-ups at 3, 9, and 15 months correspond to 0, 6, and 12 months post-treatment. The primary outcome is 30-day point prevalence abstinence (ppa) at 9-months. The investigators will assess and validate smoking status at all follow-ups. Other outcomes include motivation to quit, quit attempts, and continuous abstinence.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
FACTORIAL
TREATMENT
SINGLE
Study Groups
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Arm 1
All 4 factors off - standard text message program
Personalization OFF Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity OFF
No interventions assigned to this group
Arm 2
Personalization OFF Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Message Intensity
Phase I Factor
Varying levels of text message intensity over a 12-week period.
Arm 3
Personalization OFF Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Dynamic Tailoring
Individually tailored message to remind/reinforce users about BecomeAnEX information/tools they have already used, or to prompt users to take actions they have not yet taken.
Arm 4
Personalization OFF Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Dynamic Tailoring
Individually tailored message to remind/reinforce users about BecomeAnEX information/tools they have already used, or to prompt users to take actions they have not yet taken.
Message Intensity
Phase I Factor
Varying levels of text message intensity over a 12-week period.
Arm 5
Personalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity OFF
Integration
Phase I Factor
Interactive messages to facilitate engagement via text with the 6 interactive intervention components of the BecomeAnEX web intervention:
Set your quit date Cigarette tracker Beat your smoking triggers Build your support system Choose a quit smoking aid Community
Integration will allow interaction with the web-based program via text message; for example, when a user sets a quit date via the website, it will trigger text messages tailored to the quit date; likewise, if a user sets a quit date via the text system, it will be populated in the website and drive the user experience online.
Arm 6
Personalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Integration
Phase I Factor
Interactive messages to facilitate engagement via text with the 6 interactive intervention components of the BecomeAnEX web intervention:
Set your quit date Cigarette tracker Beat your smoking triggers Build your support system Choose a quit smoking aid Community
Integration will allow interaction with the web-based program via text message; for example, when a user sets a quit date via the website, it will trigger text messages tailored to the quit date; likewise, if a user sets a quit date via the text system, it will be populated in the website and drive the user experience online.
Message Intensity
Phase I Factor
Varying levels of text message intensity over a 12-week period.
Arm 7
Personalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Integration
Phase I Factor
Interactive messages to facilitate engagement via text with the 6 interactive intervention components of the BecomeAnEX web intervention:
Set your quit date Cigarette tracker Beat your smoking triggers Build your support system Choose a quit smoking aid Community
Integration will allow interaction with the web-based program via text message; for example, when a user sets a quit date via the website, it will trigger text messages tailored to the quit date; likewise, if a user sets a quit date via the text system, it will be populated in the website and drive the user experience online.
Dynamic Tailoring
Individually tailored message to remind/reinforce users about BecomeAnEX information/tools they have already used, or to prompt users to take actions they have not yet taken.
Arm 8
Personalization OFF Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Integration
Phase I Factor
Interactive messages to facilitate engagement via text with the 6 interactive intervention components of the BecomeAnEX web intervention:
Set your quit date Cigarette tracker Beat your smoking triggers Build your support system Choose a quit smoking aid Community
Integration will allow interaction with the web-based program via text message; for example, when a user sets a quit date via the website, it will trigger text messages tailored to the quit date; likewise, if a user sets a quit date via the text system, it will be populated in the website and drive the user experience online.
Dynamic Tailoring
Individually tailored message to remind/reinforce users about BecomeAnEX information/tools they have already used, or to prompt users to take actions they have not yet taken.
Message Intensity
Phase I Factor
Varying levels of text message intensity over a 12-week period.
Arm 9
Personalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity OFF
Personalization
Phase I Factor
Personalized text messages using the participant's username and gender ("Check out the EX Community for tips/support from other men who have quit. They've been there and can help you do this, QuitForever!"). Both data points will be pulled from BecomeAnEX registration data.
Arm 10
Personalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Personalization
Phase I Factor
Personalized text messages using the participant's username and gender ("Check out the EX Community for tips/support from other men who have quit. They've been there and can help you do this, QuitForever!"). Both data points will be pulled from BecomeAnEX registration data.
Message Intensity
Phase I Factor
Varying levels of text message intensity over a 12-week period.
Arm 11
Personalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Personalization
Phase I Factor
Personalized text messages using the participant's username and gender ("Check out the EX Community for tips/support from other men who have quit. They've been there and can help you do this, QuitForever!"). Both data points will be pulled from BecomeAnEX registration data.
Dynamic Tailoring
Individually tailored message to remind/reinforce users about BecomeAnEX information/tools they have already used, or to prompt users to take actions they have not yet taken.
Arm 12
Personalization ON Integration OFF Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Personalization
Phase I Factor
Personalized text messages using the participant's username and gender ("Check out the EX Community for tips/support from other men who have quit. They've been there and can help you do this, QuitForever!"). Both data points will be pulled from BecomeAnEX registration data.
Dynamic Tailoring
Individually tailored message to remind/reinforce users about BecomeAnEX information/tools they have already used, or to prompt users to take actions they have not yet taken.
Message Intensity
Phase I Factor
Varying levels of text message intensity over a 12-week period.
Arm 13
Personalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity OFF
Personalization
Phase I Factor
Personalized text messages using the participant's username and gender ("Check out the EX Community for tips/support from other men who have quit. They've been there and can help you do this, QuitForever!"). Both data points will be pulled from BecomeAnEX registration data.
Integration
Phase I Factor
Interactive messages to facilitate engagement via text with the 6 interactive intervention components of the BecomeAnEX web intervention:
Set your quit date Cigarette tracker Beat your smoking triggers Build your support system Choose a quit smoking aid Community
Integration will allow interaction with the web-based program via text message; for example, when a user sets a quit date via the website, it will trigger text messages tailored to the quit date; likewise, if a user sets a quit date via the text system, it will be populated in the website and drive the user experience online.
Arm 14
Personalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring OFF Message Intensity ON
Personalization
Phase I Factor
Personalized text messages using the participant's username and gender ("Check out the EX Community for tips/support from other men who have quit. They've been there and can help you do this, QuitForever!"). Both data points will be pulled from BecomeAnEX registration data.
Integration
Phase I Factor
Interactive messages to facilitate engagement via text with the 6 interactive intervention components of the BecomeAnEX web intervention:
Set your quit date Cigarette tracker Beat your smoking triggers Build your support system Choose a quit smoking aid Community
Integration will allow interaction with the web-based program via text message; for example, when a user sets a quit date via the website, it will trigger text messages tailored to the quit date; likewise, if a user sets a quit date via the text system, it will be populated in the website and drive the user experience online.
Message Intensity
Phase I Factor
Varying levels of text message intensity over a 12-week period.
Arm 15
Personalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity OFF
Personalization
Phase I Factor
Personalized text messages using the participant's username and gender ("Check out the EX Community for tips/support from other men who have quit. They've been there and can help you do this, QuitForever!"). Both data points will be pulled from BecomeAnEX registration data.
Integration
Phase I Factor
Interactive messages to facilitate engagement via text with the 6 interactive intervention components of the BecomeAnEX web intervention:
Set your quit date Cigarette tracker Beat your smoking triggers Build your support system Choose a quit smoking aid Community
Integration will allow interaction with the web-based program via text message; for example, when a user sets a quit date via the website, it will trigger text messages tailored to the quit date; likewise, if a user sets a quit date via the text system, it will be populated in the website and drive the user experience online.
Dynamic Tailoring
Individually tailored message to remind/reinforce users about BecomeAnEX information/tools they have already used, or to prompt users to take actions they have not yet taken.
Arm 16
Personalization ON Integration ON Dynamic Tailoring ON Message Intensity ON
Personalization
Phase I Factor
Personalized text messages using the participant's username and gender ("Check out the EX Community for tips/support from other men who have quit. They've been there and can help you do this, QuitForever!"). Both data points will be pulled from BecomeAnEX registration data.
Integration
Phase I Factor
Interactive messages to facilitate engagement via text with the 6 interactive intervention components of the BecomeAnEX web intervention:
Set your quit date Cigarette tracker Beat your smoking triggers Build your support system Choose a quit smoking aid Community
Integration will allow interaction with the web-based program via text message; for example, when a user sets a quit date via the website, it will trigger text messages tailored to the quit date; likewise, if a user sets a quit date via the text system, it will be populated in the website and drive the user experience online.
Dynamic Tailoring
Individually tailored message to remind/reinforce users about BecomeAnEX information/tools they have already used, or to prompt users to take actions they have not yet taken.
Message Intensity
Phase I Factor
Varying levels of text message intensity over a 12-week period.
WEB
Phase II arm.
Full access to standard BecomeAnEX.org web-based smoking cessation program.
No interventions assigned to this group
WEB+OA_TXT
Phase II arm.
Full access to standard BecomeAnEX.org web-based smoking cessation program PLUS optimal-adherence text message program from Phase I.
Optimal-Adherence Text
Optimal-adherence text message intervention developed in Phase I
Interventions
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Personalization
Phase I Factor
Personalized text messages using the participant's username and gender ("Check out the EX Community for tips/support from other men who have quit. They've been there and can help you do this, QuitForever!"). Both data points will be pulled from BecomeAnEX registration data.
Integration
Phase I Factor
Interactive messages to facilitate engagement via text with the 6 interactive intervention components of the BecomeAnEX web intervention:
Set your quit date Cigarette tracker Beat your smoking triggers Build your support system Choose a quit smoking aid Community
Integration will allow interaction with the web-based program via text message; for example, when a user sets a quit date via the website, it will trigger text messages tailored to the quit date; likewise, if a user sets a quit date via the text system, it will be populated in the website and drive the user experience online.
Dynamic Tailoring
Individually tailored message to remind/reinforce users about BecomeAnEX information/tools they have already used, or to prompt users to take actions they have not yet taken.
Message Intensity
Phase I Factor
Varying levels of text message intensity over a 12-week period.
Optimal-Adherence Text
Optimal-adherence text message intervention developed in Phase I
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Current smoker
* Access to and willingness to receive text messages on a mobile phone
* Access to Internet
* Access to and willingness to receive email communication from study personnel
Exclusion Criteria
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Truth Initiative
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Amanda L. Graham, PhD
Director, Research Development
Principal Investigators
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Amanda L Graham, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Truth Initiative
Locations
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Truth Initiative
Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States
Countries
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References
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Graham AL, Jacobs MA, Cohn AM, Cha S, Abroms LC, Papandonatos GD, Whittaker R. Optimising text messaging to improve adherence to web-based smoking cessation treatment: a randomised control trial protocol. BMJ Open. 2016 Mar 30;6(3):e010687. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010687.
Graham AL, Papandonatos GD, Cha S, Amato MS, Jacobs MA, Cohn AM, Abroms LC, Whittaker R. Effectiveness of an optimized text message and Internet intervention for smoking cessation: A randomized controlled trial. Addiction. 2022 Apr;117(4):1035-1046. doi: 10.1111/add.15677. Epub 2021 Sep 28.
Graham AL, Papandonatos GD, Jacobs MA, Amato MS, Cha S, Cohn AM, Abroms LC, Whittaker R. Optimizing Text Messages to Promote Engagement With Internet Smoking Cessation Treatment: Results From a Factorial Screening Experiment. J Med Internet Res. 2020 Apr 2;22(4):e17734. doi: 10.2196/17734.
Other Identifiers
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