Smoking Cessation Via Text Messaging: Feasibility Testing of Stop My Smoking USA

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

164 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2009-06-30

Study Completion Date

2011-12-31

Brief Summary

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The investigators developed a text messaging-based smoking cessation program called SMS (Stop My Smoking) USA. It was tailored for the unique needs and smoking habits of young adults. The investigators hypothesized that those in the SMS USA intervention would be significantly more likely to be quit at 6-months compared to the attention-matched control group.

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Detailed Description

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About one in four young adults are current smokers. Although over half report the desire to quit or cut down, quit rates in this age group have remained stagnant in the last ten years. Text messaging may represent a compelling intervention delivery method for smoking cessation for young adults because it is a medium they have widely adopted. Cell phone interventions also are unique because of their 'always on' capability - interventions are never far from the young adult's reach and they are received automatically instead of requiring the participant to initiate contact in order to receive the information. Dr. Ybarra, along with Drs. Holtrop and Graham, have developed SMS Turkey, an innovative behavioral intervention that uses text messaging to deliver CBT-based smoking cessation information to participants daily. Successful use of text messaging to deliver smoking cessation programs has been reported by Rodgers and colleagues in New Zealand and a replication study they are leading in the United Kingdom. These data provide optimism for the feasibility of text messaging-based smoking cessation programs in the United States. Using qualitative methods to inform design and content, and quantitative methods to assess the feasibility of the program, we propose to design and test SMS (Stop My Smoking) USA, a cell-phone based smoking cessation program for young adults ages 18-25. This innovative smoking cessation program uses technology widely adopted by young adults, an under-targeted population, to deliver a proactive, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based intervention. Our multidisciplinary team of researchers brings together expertise in Internet health and the design of tailored smoking cessation interventions.

Conditions

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Smoking Cessation

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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SMS USA

The 6-week smoking cessation intervention

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

SMS USA

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Intervention participants receive text messages daily pre-and post-quit. Everyone receives messages 14 days prior to the Quit day, and through the day after Quit. Then, participants are 'pathed' to particular messages based upon their self-reported smoking status at Day 2 and Day 7 post quit, respectively. Those who are successful at quitting receive messages aimed at relapse prevention whereas those who have slipped receive messages aimed at getting the person to recommit to quitting and trying again.

Attention matched control

Messages aimed at improving one's sleep and increasing one's fitness, along with general messages about the most well known health dangers of smoking. Messages sent on the same schedule as the intervention group.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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SMS USA

Intervention participants receive text messages daily pre-and post-quit. Everyone receives messages 14 days prior to the Quit day, and through the day after Quit. Then, participants are 'pathed' to particular messages based upon their self-reported smoking status at Day 2 and Day 7 post quit, respectively. Those who are successful at quitting receive messages aimed at relapse prevention whereas those who have slipped receive messages aimed at getting the person to recommit to quitting and trying again.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Other Intervention Names

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Stop My Smoking USA

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* 28 cigarettes or more per week (at least 4/day) and on at least 6 days/week.
* Owning a text-capable cell phone and cognizant of how to send and receive text messages
* Currently enrolled or intending to enroll in an unlimited text messaging plan
* Enrolled with a cell phone carrier that was compatible with the program software
* Agree to verification of smoking cessation status by a significant other
* Able to read and write in English
* Informed consent