Gene - Diet Interactions in Fatty Acid Desaturase 1 Gene

NCT ID: NCT02543216

Last Updated: 2015-09-10

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 59 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2015-01-31
• Study Completion Date: 2015-04-30

Brief Summary

Interactions between genes and environment, are likely to be crucial in the development of the common diseases such as type 2 diabetes. It was recently shown that FADS1 and FADS 2 genotypes are the strongest genes in a genome-wide analysis regulating serum fatty acid profile.The aim of this study is to test if subjects with the CC and TT genotypes of the FADS1 gene (rs174547) respond differentially to a diet supplemented with linoleic acid (substrate for FADS). We hypothesize that subjects with the TT genotype with more active desaturases will be more sensitive to dietary modification leading to more robust differences in serum FA profile, tissue inflammation and serum lipids.

Detailed Description

Lean and overweight subjects (BMI >20kg/m2 <29kg/m2 ) with CC and TT genotypes of FADS1 polymorphism (rs174547) were recruited from the METSIM study (METabolic Syndrome in Men, currently >10000 men included from the population living in Kuopio). The potential participants were asked to contact study nurse if willing to participate. Twenty six subjects with CC genotype were selected after matching with thirty six subjects with the TT genotype for age, BMI and medication.

Study diet were isocaloric following the habitual diet of the participants with a supplement of 30-50 ml (25-45 g) sunflower oil daily depending on body weight. Thus, approximately 16-28 g (6 E%) LA daily were provided on top of the average intake of approximately 10-12 g (4.5 E%). This dose of sunflower oil is not known to cause any side effects or adverse events and even higher doses have been safe.

Food records were collected at the beginning (4 days) and during the third week of the study (7 days) to estimate daily intake of macronutrients and specifically of different fatty acids.

Conditions

Fatty Acid

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

CC genotype

4-week study diets were isocaloric following the habitual diet of the participants with a supplement of 30-50 ml (25-45 g) sunflower oil daily depending on body weight. The same diets were instructed for both genotypes.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Sunflower oil

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Study diets were isocaloric following the habitual diet of the participants with a supplement of 30-50 ml (25-45 g) sunflower oil daily depending on body weight. Thus, approximately 16-28 g (6 E%) LA were provided daily on top of the average intake of approximately 10-12 g (4.5 E%).

TT genotype

4-week study diets were isocaloric following the habitual diet of the participants with a supplement of 30-50 ml (25-45 g) sunflower oil daily depending on body weight. The same diets were instructed for both genotypes.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Sunflower oil

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Study diets were isocaloric following the habitual diet of the participants with a supplement of 30-50 ml (25-45 g) sunflower oil daily depending on body weight. Thus, approximately 16-28 g (6 E%) LA were provided daily on top of the average intake of approximately 10-12 g (4.5 E%).

Interventions

Sunflower oil

Study diets were isocaloric following the habitual diet of the participants with a supplement of 30-50 ml (25-45 g) sunflower oil daily depending on body weight. Thus, approximately 16-28 g (6 E%) LA were provided daily on top of the average intake of approximately 10-12 g (4.5 E%).

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Participant of Metabolic syndrome in men (METSIM) cohort BMI 20-30 kg/m2 Healthy CC/TT genotype (rs 174547)

Exclusion Criteria

Type 2 diabetes Other chronic disease

• Minimum Eligible Age: 50 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 65 Years
• Eligible Sex: MALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

University of Eastern Finland

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Jussi Pihlajamäki

Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

University of Eastern Finland, Clinical Nutrition

Kuopio, , Finland

Countries

Finland

References

Meuronen T, Lankinen MA, Karkkainen O, Laakso M, Pihlajamaki J, Hanhineva K, Schwab U. FADS1 rs174550 genotype and high linoleic acid diet modify plasma PUFA phospholipids in a dietary intervention study. Eur J Nutr. 2022 Mar;61(2):1109-1120. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02722-w. Epub 2021 Oct 31.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 34718859 (View on PubMed)

Lankinen MA, Fauland A, Shimizu BI, Agren J, Wheelock CE, Laakso M, Schwab U, Pihlajamaki J. Inflammatory response to dietary linoleic acid depends on FADS1 genotype. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Jan 1;109(1):165-175. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy287.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 30624587 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

FADSDIET

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id