Efficacy of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Tuberculosis Prevention

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

566 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2015-03-31

Study Completion Date

2018-06-30

Brief Summary

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Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most important infectious disease in the world. Preventive treatment plays an important role in successful control of TB. For preventive therapy, the three-month (12-dose) regimen of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid (3RPT/INH) are now recommended by WHO for its non-inferiority, safety and convenience compared with 6\~9 months regimen of daily isoniazid monotherapy or 3\~4 months daily rifampicin monotherapy. And the treatment completion rate is higher compared with daily regimen. However, relevant study is lacking in China where the TB burden is high with the incidence rate of 70/100, 000. And the provision of chemoprophylaxis is not recommended in China currently.

Silicosis is a high risk factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. This is an open-label, randomized, Phase III clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of the 3RPT/INH to prevent tuberculosis (TB) compared with those who do not receive preventive treatment among silicotic patients.

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Detailed Description

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Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most important infectious disease in the world. Preventive treatment plays an important role in successful control of TB. For preventive therapy, the three-month (12-dose) regimen of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid (3RPT/INH) are now recommended by WHO for its non-inferiority, safety and convenience compared with 6\~9 months regimen of daily isoniazid monotherapy or 3\~4 months daily rifampicin monotherapy. And the treatment completion rate is higher compared with daily regimen. However, relevant study is lacking in China where the TB burden is high with the incidence rate of 70/100, 000.

Silicosis is a high risk factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. This is an open-label, randomized, Phase III clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of the 3RPT/INH to prevent tuberculosis (TB) among silicotic patients.

The PRIMARY objective of this open-label, randomized, Phase III clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of the 3RPT/INH to prevent TB compared with those who do not receive preventive treatment among eligible silicotic patients.

The SECONDARY objective:

Describe the safety profile of 3RPT/INH in China (the rates of drug discontinuation for any reason and due to adverse drug reactions associated with 3RPT/INH, the rates of any grade 3, 4, or 5 drug toxicity associated with 3RPT/INH) Describe the treatment completion rates of 3RPT/INH. Describe patterns of antibiotic resistance of M. tuberculosis isolates in patients who develop TB despite preventive treatment.

Compare the results of QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube before and after preventive treatment.

For assessment of the primary outcome, development of TB, a sample size of approximately 280 persons per arm will be required with 3 years follow-up.

Conditions

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Silicosis Tuberculosis

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Weekly Isoniazid / Rifapentine

Weekly INH / RRT given by DOT

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Weekly INH / RRT given by DOT

Intervention Type DRUG

weekly oral Rifapentine 15 mg/kg (up to 900mg) plus Isoniazid 15 mg/kg (up to 900mg) for 12 doses

No preventive treatment

Follow up without intervention

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Weekly INH / RRT given by DOT

weekly oral Rifapentine 15 mg/kg (up to 900mg) plus Isoniazid 15 mg/kg (up to 900mg) for 12 doses

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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isoniazid I INH rifapentine RPT 3 RPT/INH

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Individuals with Silica exposure or diagnosed with silicosis;
* Age between 18 to 65 years;
* Willing to provide signed informed consent, or parental consent and participant assent.

Exclusion Criteria

* Clinical or culture confirmed active TB;
* A history of treatment for \> 14 consecutive days with a rifamycin or \> 30 consecutive days with INH during the previous 2 years;
* A documented history of a completing an adequate course of treatment for active TB or latent TB infection;
* Allergy to Isoniazid, Rifampin, or Rifapentine;
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection;
* History of hepatitis B/C infection or liver cirrhosis;
* Serum Aspartic transaminase (AST) or alanine transaminase (ALT) \> 2x upper limit of normal or total bilirubin \>2.5 mg/dL;
* Receiving immunosuppressants or biological agents;
* Life expectancy \<3 years;
* Mental disorder;
* Participated in other clinical trials in recent three months;
* Other conditions that investigates consider not suitable for participate.

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

MALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No