The Role of Endogenous Lactate in Brain Preservation and Counterregulatory Defenses Against Hypoglycemia

NCT ID: NCT02308293

Last Updated: 2016-11-25

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

30 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2015-01-31

Study Completion Date

2016-07-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

Iatrogenic hypoglycemia is the most frequent acute complication of insulin therapy in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Recurrent hypoglycemic events initiate a process of habituation, characterized by suppression of hypoglycemic symptoms, eventually leading to hypoglycemia unawareness, which creates a particularly high risk of severe hypoglycemia. Recent evidence suggest a pivotal role for (brain) lactate in the pathogenesis of hypoglycemia unawareness. Indeed, exogenous lactate administration may preserve brain function and attenuate counterregulatory responses to and symptomatic awareness of hypoglycemia. It is unknown whether endogenous elevation of plasma lactate produces the same effects and whether such effects differ between patients with T1DM with and without hypoglycemia unawareness and healthy controls.

Objective: To investigate the effect of elevated levels of endogenous lactate on brain lactate accumulation and on counterregulatory responses to, symptomatic awareness of and cognitive function during hypoglycemia in patients with T1DM with and without hypoglycemia unawareness and normal controls.

Hypothesis: The investigators hypothesize first that endogenous lactate, when raised through high intensity exercise, preserves neuronal metabolism during subsequent hypoglycemia, which in turn will attenuate counterregulatory hormone responses, appearance of symptoms and deterioration of cognitive function. Second, the investigators posit that these effects will be augmented in patients with hypoglycemia unawareness compared to healthy subjects and T1DM patients with normal awareness as a consequence of greater transport capacity of lactate into the brain.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Hypoglycemia Unawareness

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Hypoglycemia unawareness Lactate high intensity interval exercise MRS

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

High intensity exercise

Subjects will preform a high intensity training exercise (3\* 30 seconds all out sprint on a cycle ergometer) to raise plasma lactate levels

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

High intensity exercise

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

3x30 seconds 'all out' sprints

Lay down comfortably

As a control conditions, subjects wil lay down comfortably and rest

Group Type SHAM_COMPARATOR

Lay down comfortably

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

rest

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

High intensity exercise

3x30 seconds 'all out' sprints

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Lay down comfortably

rest

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Age: 18-40 years
* Body-Mass Index: 18-30 kg/m2
* Blood pressure: \<160/90 mmHg
* Recreationally active: i.e. taking part in competitive sport or regular exercise training, of a non-professional nature, once or more a week.


* Diabetes duration ≥ 1 year
* Age: 18-40 years
* Body-Mass Index: 18-30 kg/m2
* HbA1c: 42-75 mmol/mol (6-9%)
* Outcome Clarke questionnaire: 0-1
* Blood pressure: \<160/90 mmHg
* Recreationally active: i.e. taking part in competitive sport or regular exercise training, of a non-professional nature, once or more a week


* Diabetes duration ≥ 1 year
* Age: 18-40 years
* Body-Mass Index: 18-30 kg/m2
* HbA1c: 42-75 mmol/mol (6-9%)
* Outcome Clarke questionnaire: =\>3
* Blood pressure: \<160/90 mmHg
* Recreationally active

Exclusion Criteria

* Inability to provide informed consent
* Presence of any medical condition that might interfere with the study protocol, such as brain injuries, epilepsy, a major cardiovascular disease event or anxiety disorders
* Use of any medication, except for oral contraceptives
* MR(I) contraindications (pregnancy, severe claustrophobia, metal parts in body)
* Orthopedic and/or neurological diseases that impair exercise
* Cardiopulmonary disease as stated in the 2001 American heart association and 2002 American college of cardiology/American heart association guidelines


* Use of any other medication than insulin, except for oral contraceptives or stable thyroxine supplementation therapy
* complications of T1DM, including proliferative retinopathy, neuropathy or nephropathy
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

40 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Radboud University Medical Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Bastiaan de Galan, Dr.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Radboud University Medical Center

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Radboud umc

Nijmegen, , Netherlands

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Netherlands

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

van de Ven KC, van der Graaf M, Tack CJ, Klomp DW, Heerschap A, de Galan BE. Optimized [1-(13)C]glucose infusion protocol for 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3T of human brain glucose metabolism under euglycemic and hypoglycemic conditions. J Neurosci Methods. 2010 Jan 30;186(1):68-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.10.025. Epub 2009 Nov 11.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 19913052 (View on PubMed)

van de Ven KC, de Galan BE, van der Graaf M, Shestov AA, Henry PG, Tack CJ, Heerschap A. Effect of acute hypoglycemia on human cerebral glucose metabolism measured by (1)(3)C magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Diabetes. 2011 May;60(5):1467-73. doi: 10.2337/db10-1592. Epub 2011 Apr 4.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21464446 (View on PubMed)

van de Ven KC, van der Graaf M, Tack CJ, Heerschap A, de Galan BE. Steady-state brain glucose concentrations during hypoglycemia in healthy humans and patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 2012 Aug;61(8):1974-7. doi: 10.2337/db11-1778. Epub 2012 Jun 11.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22688331 (View on PubMed)

De Feyter HM, Mason GF, Shulman GI, Rothman DL, Petersen KF. Increased brain lactate concentrations without increased lactate oxidation during hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic individuals. Diabetes. 2013 Sep;62(9):3075-80. doi: 10.2337/db13-0313. Epub 2013 May 28.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23715622 (View on PubMed)

Maddock RJ, Casazza GA, Buonocore MH, Tanase C. Vigorous exercise increases brain lactate and Glx (glutamate+glutamine): a dynamic 1H-MRS study. Neuroimage. 2011 Aug 15;57(4):1324-30. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.05.048. Epub 2011 May 27.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21640838 (View on PubMed)

Wiegers EC, Rooijackers HM, van Asten JJA, Tack CJ, Heerschap A, de Galan BE, van der Graaf M. Elevated brain glutamate levels in type 1 diabetes: correlations with glycaemic control and age of disease onset but not with hypoglycaemia awareness status. Diabetologia. 2019 Jun;62(6):1065-1073. doi: 10.1007/s00125-019-4862-9. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 31001674 (View on PubMed)

Wiegers EC, Rooijackers HM, Tack CJ, Groenewoud HJMM, Heerschap A, de Galan BE, van der Graaf M. Effect of Exercise-Induced Lactate Elevation on Brain Lactate Levels During Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia. Diabetes. 2017 Dec;66(12):3105-3110. doi: 10.2337/db17-0794. Epub 2017 Sep 21.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 28935628 (View on PubMed)

Rooijackers HM, Wiegers EC, van der Graaf M, Thijssen DH, Kessels RPC, Tack CJ, de Galan BE. A Single Bout of High-Intensity Interval Training Reduces Awareness of Subsequent Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes. 2017 Jul;66(7):1990-1998. doi: 10.2337/db16-1535. Epub 2017 Apr 18.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 28420673 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

End_lac_sympt

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id