Blended Collaborative Care for Heart Failure and Co-Morbid Depression

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE2/PHASE3

Total Enrollment

756 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2014-02-28

Study Completion Date

2020-07-31

Brief Summary

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Depression is highly prevalent among patients with heart failure (HF) and associated with lower levels of health-related quality of life and physical functioning, and higher risk of rehospitalization and mortality, and higher health costs. This Project will compare the effectiveness of a "blended" telephone-delivered collaborative care intervention for treating both HF and depression to: (1) collaborative care for HF-alone ("enhanced usual care"; eUC); and (2) doctors' "usual care" for depression (UC). If proven effective and cost-effective, the potentially more powerful, scalable, efficient "blended" care approach for treating HF and co-morbid depression could have profound implications for improving chronic illness care and stimulate development of "blended" interventions for treating other clusters of related medical conditions.

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Detailed Description

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Heart failure (HF) is an important public health problem that affects approximately 6.6 million Americans. Despite improvements in cardiac care, it remains the leading cause for hospitalization among Medicare patients and the only major cardiovascular disease whose mortality rate has remained essentially unchanged over the past decade. This failure to improve HF outcomes may be due, in part, to unrecognized and/or inadequately treated depression that is highly prevalent in HF patients. Yet while new HF treatment guidelines advocate routine screening for depression, this recommendation is unlikely to be widely adopted without trial evidence that depression care improves outcomes and efficient methods to provide it.

"Collaborative care" strategies are being increasingly utilized to improve care for HF and other chronic medical conditions, and we recently demonstrated its clinical and cost-effectiveness at treating depression following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Yet it may be impractical for health care delivery systems to support separate treatment programs for HF and depression. Thus we are encouraged by emerging evidence indicating "blended" collaborative care strategies that target both psychiatric and physical conditions produce greater improvements in mood symptoms and control of cardiovascular risk factors than programs focused solely on depression to propose testing a novel adaptation that could be provided in routine care.

The Specific Aims of this Project are to: (1) evaluate the effectiveness of a telephone-delivered "blended" collaborative care intervention for treating HF and depression that could be adopted into routine clinical practice if proven effective; and (2) advance our understanding of the moderators and mediators of depression treatment on clinical outcomes. We will screen hospitalized patients with systolic HF for depression, and then randomize 625 who screen positive and have at least a moderately elevated level of depressive symptoms at two-weeks following hospital discharge to either: (1) collaborative care for treating both HF and depression ("blended"); (2) collaborative care for treating HF alone (enhanced usual care (eUC)); or (3) their doctors' "usual care" (UC). Additionally, we will enroll 125 non-depressed HF patients to better evaluate the benefits derived from treating depression (total N=750). Our co-primary hypotheses will test whether "blended" collaborative care can produce at 12-months follow-up a: (A) 0.50 effect size (ES) or greater improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) vs. UC; and (B) 0.30 ES or greater improvement in HRQoL vs. eUC. Secondary hypotheses will evaluate the effects of our "blended" intervention on mood, functional status, adherence with guideline-consistent care, incidence of cardiovascular events, health care utilization, and costs.

Improving chronic illness care for medically complex patients is one of the major challenges facing medicine today. We propose to test the effectiveness of an innovative, efficient, scalable, and sustainable intervention that could transform the way HF and other cardiovascular disorders are treated in routine practice.

Conditions

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Heart Failure, Systolic Depression Cardiovascular Disease

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

"Blended" intervention: Blended, centralized, nurse-provided, telephone-delivered collaborative care for both heart failure and depression;

Collaborative care for heart failure: Blended, centralized, nurse-provided, telephone-delivered collaborative care for heart failure alone

Usual Care: PCPs usual care for heart failure and depression; and

Non-Depressed comparison cohort (randomly sampled, not randomized).

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Collaborative Care for Heart Failure + Depression

Collaborative care program for heart failure and depression involving a nurse care manager providing counseling and treatment advice via telephone

Interventions:

Behavioral:

Counseling for heart failure self-care Counseling for depression

Drug:

Pharmacotherapy for heart failure Pharmacotherapy for depression

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Collaborative Care for Heart Failure

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Nurse care managers will provide patients with education for their heart failure to facilitate self-management for their condition. In addition, the nurse will telephone the patient to review with their medical history, medications, diet, activity and sleep patterns, and plans for follow-up medical appointments, and offer basic care coordination relative to heart failure care including assistance attaining authorization for home health services in concert with the patient's primary care physician (PCP), and follow-up appointments.

After case review with a study internist, the care manager may send treatment recommendations to the patient's physician(s) regarding guideline-indicated care. Afterwards, the care manager will telephone the patient approximately every other week to monitor and promote adherence with recommended care, and suggest adjustments in treatment as applicable following discussion with the clinical team and notification of the patient's PCP and cardiologist.

Collaborative Care for Depression

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

The care manager will telephone patients randomized to "blended" care patient to review their psychiatric history including use of antidepressant pharmacotherapy, herbal supplements, and alcohol possibly used to self-medicate depressive symptoms; provide basic psychoeducation about depression and its impact on cardiac disease; recommend various self-management strategies (e.g., sufficient rest and exercise); and describe treatment options. They will include: (1) use of a workbook or computer program to enhance patients' understanding and ability to self-care; (2) initiation or adjustment of antidepressant pharmacotherapy prescribed under their primary care physicians' direction; or (3) referral to a local mental health specialist. The nurse will then telephone the patient to monitor symptoms and pharmacotherapy use, practice skills imparted through workbook assignments, promote adherence with recommended care, and suggest adjustments in treatment as applicable.

Collaborative Care for Heart Failure Only

Collaborative care program for heart failure and depression involving a nurse care manager providing counseling and treatment advice via telephone

Interventions:

Behavioral:

Counseling for heart failure self-care Usual care for depression

Drug:

Pharmacotherapy for heart failure

Usual Care for depression

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Collaborative Care for Heart Failure

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Nurse care managers will provide patients with education for their heart failure to facilitate self-management for their condition. In addition, the nurse will telephone the patient to review with their medical history, medications, diet, activity and sleep patterns, and plans for follow-up medical appointments, and offer basic care coordination relative to heart failure care including assistance attaining authorization for home health services in concert with the patient's primary care physician (PCP), and follow-up appointments.

After case review with a study internist, the care manager may send treatment recommendations to the patient's physician(s) regarding guideline-indicated care. Afterwards, the care manager will telephone the patient approximately every other week to monitor and promote adherence with recommended care, and suggest adjustments in treatment as applicable following discussion with the clinical team and notification of the patient's PCP and cardiologist.

Usual Care for Heart Failure and Depression

Control group will receive their doctors' usual care for heart failure and depression

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Non-Depressed Comparison Cohort

Control group will receive their doctors' usual care for heart failure

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Collaborative Care for Heart Failure

Nurse care managers will provide patients with education for their heart failure to facilitate self-management for their condition. In addition, the nurse will telephone the patient to review with their medical history, medications, diet, activity and sleep patterns, and plans for follow-up medical appointments, and offer basic care coordination relative to heart failure care including assistance attaining authorization for home health services in concert with the patient's primary care physician (PCP), and follow-up appointments.

After case review with a study internist, the care manager may send treatment recommendations to the patient's physician(s) regarding guideline-indicated care. Afterwards, the care manager will telephone the patient approximately every other week to monitor and promote adherence with recommended care, and suggest adjustments in treatment as applicable following discussion with the clinical team and notification of the patient's PCP and cardiologist.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Collaborative Care for Depression

The care manager will telephone patients randomized to "blended" care patient to review their psychiatric history including use of antidepressant pharmacotherapy, herbal supplements, and alcohol possibly used to self-medicate depressive symptoms; provide basic psychoeducation about depression and its impact on cardiac disease; recommend various self-management strategies (e.g., sufficient rest and exercise); and describe treatment options. They will include: (1) use of a workbook or computer program to enhance patients' understanding and ability to self-care; (2) initiation or adjustment of antidepressant pharmacotherapy prescribed under their primary care physicians' direction; or (3) referral to a local mental health specialist. The nurse will then telephone the patient to monitor symptoms and pharmacotherapy use, practice skills imparted through workbook assignments, promote adherence with recommended care, and suggest adjustments in treatment as applicable.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. Systolic heart failure (documented ejection fraction ≤ 40%).
2. HF symptoms meeting criteria for New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes II, III or IV.
3. Inpatient two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) screen-positive for depression; or PHQ-2 screen negative for depression and PHQ-9 \<5 if non-depressed control.
4. PHQ-9 ≥ 10 when reassessed two-weeks following hospital discharge, or PHQ-9 \<5 if non-depressed control.
5. No cognitive impairment (as documented in the record, use of donepezil or similar medications for treating cognitive impairment, or the Montreal Cognitive Assessment).
6. Able to be evaluated and treated for depression as an outpatient.
7. English speaking, not illiterate, or possessing any other communication barrier.
8. Have a household telephone.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Receiving active treatment for a mood or anxiety disorder from a mental health specialist.
2. Unstable medical condition as indicated by history, physical, and/or laboratory findings.
3. Presence of non-cardiovascular conditions likely to be fatal within 12 months (e.g., cancer).
4. Organic mood syndromes, including those secondary to medical illness or drugs.
5. Active suicidal ideation.
6. Current or history of psychotic illness.
7. Current or history of bipolar illness according to patient self-report, past medical history, and diagnostic criteria.
8. Current alcohol or other substance abuse as evidenced by chart review and the AUDIT-C questionnaire.
9. Age ≤ 21 years.

Minimum Eligible Age

21 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No