Brain Mechanisms of Human Motivation

Study Results

Results available

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

270 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2013-10-31

Study Completion Date

2018-01-31

Brief Summary

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This study aims to investigate reward learning across the mood disorder spectrum and to investigate the predictive validity of reward learning for subsequent symptom severity.

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Detailed Description

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The study involves five sessions. In the first session, participants will play a computer task. In the second session, participants will go through a clinical interview and will have an EEG recording while playing another computer task. In the third session, participants will undergo an fMRI scan while playing another computer task. All tasks assess reward learning. At three and six months after the final session, participants will come back for a follow-up interview session during which a clinician will assess symptom severity. There will be no intervention in this study.

Conditions

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Major Depressive Disorder Bipolar Disorder

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

CASE_CONTROL

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

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Mood disorder patients

Patients with depressive and/or manic or hypomanic symptoms

No interventions assigned to this group

Healthy controls

Participants with no lifetime history of psychiatric illness

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Written informed consent
* Right-handed
* (For mood disorder group only) Stable medication over the past 8 weeks OR absence of any psychotropic medications for at least 2 weeks (for follow-up analyses testing effects in medication-free patients):

* 6 weeks for fluoxetine,
* 6 months for neuroleptics,
* 2 weeks for benzodiazepines,
* 2 weeks for any other antidepressants
* 4 weeks for any mood-stabilizers

Exclusion Criteria

* Suicidal ideation where outpatient treatment is determined unsafe by the study clinician
* Pregnant women or women of childbearing potential who 1) have not completed a negative urine pregnancy test prior to the MRI scan and/or 2) are seeking to become pregnant or believe that they may be pregnant
* Serious/unstable medical illness (e.g., cardiovascular, renal, endocrine, neurologic disease)
* Clinical or laboratory evidence of hypothyroidism
* History of seizure disorder, history or current diagnosis of dementia, score \< 26 on the MMSE at screening
* History or current diagnosis of the following DSM-IV psychiatric illness: organic mental disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, psychotic disorder NOS, patients with mood congruent or mood incongruent psychotic features, anorexia nervosa, obsessive compulsive disorder
* Lifetime history of stimulant dependence (e.g., cocaine, amphetamines)
* Current use of Methylphenidate (Ritalin) and other ADHD medications with dopaminergic effects
* Patients with a lifetime history of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
* Failure to meet standard MRI safety requirements

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes