Dietary Intervention and Vascular Function

NCT ID: NCT01478958

Last Updated: 2014-07-15

Study Results

Results available

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

202 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2010-05-31

Study Completion Date

2012-10-31

Brief Summary

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It is well established that diet plays an important role in both the development and progression of heart disease. Different types of dietary fat have varying effects on heart disease risk factors. The elasticity of an individual's blood vessels is strongly associated with heart disease risk and recent evidence suggests that dietary manipulation may influence elasticity of the blood vessels with dietary fat (including saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids) as a potentially important modulator. Substantial evidence exists on the effects of monounsaturated fats (type of fatty acids mainly found in olive and rapeseed oil), n-6 polyunsaturated fats (type of polyunsaturated fatty acids found in vegetable oils) and saturated fat (found mainly in animal derived products) on lipid levels. However, the influence of these dietary fats on the elasticity of blood vessels remains unclear.The main purpose of the DIVAS study is to determine the effects of the substitution of saturated fats with either n-6 polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats on blood vessel elasticity and to determine the effects of these different dietary fats on other risk factors for heart disease including lipoproteins and inflammatory biomarkers.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Cardiovascular Disease

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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high saturated fat diet

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

SFA diet

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Volunteers are following a high saturated fat diet for a 4-month period

high monounsaturated fat diet

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

MUFA diet

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Volunteers are following a high monounsaturated fat diet for a 4-month period

high n-6 polyunsaturated fat diet

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

n-6 PUFA diet

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Volunteers are following a high n-6 polyunsaturated fat diet for a 4-month period

Interventions

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SFA diet

Volunteers are following a high saturated fat diet for a 4-month period

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

MUFA diet

Volunteers are following a high monounsaturated fat diet for a 4-month period

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

n-6 PUFA diet

Volunteers are following a high n-6 polyunsaturated fat diet for a 4-month period

Intervention Type DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Adults should have a relative risk (RR) of \> 1.5 of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) based on presenting with at least one recognised risk factor for CVD:

* total cholesterol (TC) \> 6.0 mmol/l
* HDL cholesterol (HDLC) ≤ 1.0 mmol/l male, ≤ 1.3 mmol/l female
* Glucose ≥ 6 mmol/l
* Stage 1 hypertension or above i.e. a systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg
* BMI 28-35 kg/m2
* waist \>102 cm male or \> 84 cm female
* Adults with a first degree relative with either a history of premature CVD - age of onset younger than 55 y in fathers, sons or brothers or younger than 65 y in mothers, daughters or sisters, or type 2 diabetes.

Exclusion Criteria

* having suffered a myocardial infarction/stroke in the past 12 months
* diabetic (diagnosed or fasting glucose \> 7 mmol/l) or suffer from other endocrine disorders
* suffering from renal or bowel disease or have a history of choleostatic liver or pancreatitis
* on drug treatment for hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, inflammation or hypercoagulation
* no history of alcohol abuse
* planning or on a weight reducing regime
* taking any fish oil, fatty acid or vitamin and mineral supplements
* pregnant, lactating or planning a pregnancy
* smokers
Minimum Eligible Age

21 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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University of Reading

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Julie Lovegrove

Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Julie A Lovegrove, BSc PhD RNutr

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Reading

Locations

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Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading

Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom

Site Status

University of Reading

Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom

Site Status

Countries

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United Kingdom

References

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Sellem L, Eichelmann F, Jackson KG, Wittenbecher C, Schulze MB, Lovegrove JA. Replacement of dietary saturated with unsaturated fatty acids is associated with beneficial effects on lipidome metabolites: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 Jun;117(6):1248-1261. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.024. Epub 2023 Apr 11.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37062359 (View on PubMed)

Weech M, Altowaijri H, Mayneris-Perxachs J, Vafeiadou K, Madden J, Todd S, Jackson KG, Lovegrove JA, Yaqoob P. Replacement of dietary saturated fat with unsaturated fats increases numbers of circulating endothelial progenitor cells and decreases numbers of microparticles: findings from the randomized, controlled Dietary Intervention and VAScular function (DIVAS) study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 Jun 1;107(6):876-882. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy018.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 29741564 (View on PubMed)

Shatwan IM, Weech M, Jackson KG, Lovegrove JA, Vimaleswaran KS. Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism modifies fasting total cholesterol concentrations in response to replacement of dietary saturated with monounsaturated fatty acids in adults at moderate cardiovascular disease risk. Lipids Health Dis. 2017 Nov 23;16(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s12944-017-0606-3.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 29169396 (View on PubMed)

Vafeiadou K, Weech M, Altowaijri H, Todd S, Yaqoob P, Jackson KG, Lovegrove JA. Replacement of saturated with unsaturated fats had no impact on vascular function but beneficial effects on lipid biomarkers, E-selectin, and blood pressure: results from the randomized, controlled Dietary Intervention and VAScular function (DIVAS) study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jul;102(1):40-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.097089. Epub 2015 May 27.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 26016869 (View on PubMed)

Weech M, Vafeiadou K, Hasaj M, Todd S, Yaqoob P, Jackson KG, Lovegrove JA. Development of a food-exchange model to replace saturated fat with MUFAs and n-6 PUFAs in adults at moderate cardiovascular risk. J Nutr. 2014 Jun;144(6):846-55. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.190645. Epub 2014 Apr 9.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 24717370 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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N02044

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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