Adaptation of Human Gut Microbiota to Energetic Restriction

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

140 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2011-06-07

Study Completion Date

2018-09-14

Brief Summary

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Gut microbiota ecology is altered in obesity and could link obesity and its complications. Bariatric surgery enables a major and sustained weight loss therefore improving obesity related disease.

the investigators primary aim is to evaluate gut microbiota adaptation to weight loss and the specific role of energetic restriction. Furthermore we aim to compare gut flora of obese patients post bariatric surgery to that of lean healthy volunteers.

Thus, the investigators plan to compare gut microbiota from 140 obese individuals before and after either restrictive (gastric banding) procedures or gastric bypass procedures to that of 40 lean healthy volunteers at baseline.

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Detailed Description

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The prevalence of obesity is rising to an epidemic level. Yet medical and pharmacological treatments have proven their limits. Dietetic modifications contribute to adipose tissue alterations and cross talk dysfunction with other tissues linked to weight maintenance. In a previous study in a model of abrupt weight loss 6 months after Roux-en-Y Bypass, the investigators observed a rapid adaptation of the dominant gut microbiota. Conversely some species were directly linked to the improvement of low grade inflammation independently of calory intake.

Therefore the investigators hypothesized that gut microbiota in obese patients could link food consumption with obesity alterations such as metabolic impairments, energetic storage dysfunction and increased systemic and adipose tissue inflammation.

The investigators want to address the specific role of energetic restriction in gut microbiota modification after weight loss.

To answer that question the investigators will evaluate gut microbiota composition before and during the first year after either gastric banding or gastric bypass surgery. they also aim to evaluate whether gut flora post surgery evolves toward that of lean healthy subjects Our study has several objectives. The investigators also aim to assess whether gut microbiota modification is associated with systemic and tissue inflammation reduction and metabolic improvement during the follow up.

This project is based on a clinical protocol performed in massively obese subjects (BMI\>40 kg/m²). The investigators plan to recruit 70 obese patients addressed for gastric banding and 70 candidates for gastric bypass. Clinical phenotype, biochemical analysis, body composition, systemic and adipose tissue inflammation, endotoxemia and gut microbiota will be assessed at baseline and 1, 3 and 12 months after surgery. Specific food consumption will be recorded at every time point. A group of 40 lean healthy volunteers will undergo the same phenotyping.

Associations between all these clinical and biological parameters will be assessed at the different point of the follow up.

More generally, this project might lead us to elucidate a new function of gut microbiota and eventually consider novels anti obesity therapeutic strategies

Conditions

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Obesity Metabolic Diseases Nutrition Disorders Body Weight

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

OTHER

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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gastric surgery

obese patients addressed for gastric surgery

Group Type OTHER

stools sampling

Intervention Type OTHER

stools sampling at baseline, 1, 3 and 12 months

adipose tissue biopsy

Intervention Type OTHER

surgical adipose tissue biopsy during surgery, 1, 3 and 12 months

lean healthy subjects evaluated once

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

stools sampling

Intervention Type OTHER

stools sampling at baseline, 1, 3 and 12 months

adipose tissue biopsy

Intervention Type OTHER

surgical adipose tissue biopsy during surgery, 1, 3 and 12 months

Interventions

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stools sampling

stools sampling at baseline, 1, 3 and 12 months

Intervention Type OTHER

adipose tissue biopsy

surgical adipose tissue biopsy during surgery, 1, 3 and 12 months

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Obesity with BMI\> 40 kg/m² or obesity with BMI between 35 and 40 kg/M² with comorbidities (OSA, type 2 diabetes, hypertension etc…)
* Age: 18-65
* women
* weight stable for three months preceding surgery

* 19\<BMI\<25kg/m²
* Age: 18-65
* women
* non diabetic

Exclusion Criteria

* Inflammatory disease
* Pregnancy
* Lactose intolerance
* Antibiotherapy in the three months preceding surgery
* cancer
* Drugs (AINS)

Healthy group

* Inflammatory disease
* Pregnancy
* Antibiotherapy in the two months preceding the visit
* pregnancy
* Drugs (AINS) in the 48h preceding the visit

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes