Antibody Conditioning Regimen For Allogeneic Donor Stem Cell Transplantation Of Patients With Fanconi Anemia

NCT ID: NCT00590460

Last Updated: 2018-05-24

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: TERMINATED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE1/PHASE2
• Total Enrollment: 5 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2001-07-31
• Study Completion Date: 2009-09-30

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to discover whether children and adults with Fanconi anemia (FA) can be safely and effectively transplanted with Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) mismatched (up to one haplotype), HLA-matched sibling, or unrelated donor stem cells, when leukocytolytic monoclonal antibodies are the sole conditioning agents (patients receiving an HLA mismatched transplant will receive Fludarabine as part of the conditioning regimen). Three monoclonal antibodies (MAb) will be used in combination. Two of them, YTH 24 and YTH 54 are rat antibodies directed against two contiguous epitopes on the CD45 (common leucocyte) antigen. They have been safely administered as part of the conditioning regimen for 12 patients receiving allografts (HLA matched and mismatched) at this center. They produce a transient depletion of >90% circulating leucocytes. The third MAb is Campath 1H, a humanized rat anti-CD52 MAb. This MAb has been widely used to treat B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and more recently has been safely given at this and other centers as part of a sub-ablative conditioning regimen to patients with malignant disease. Because these MAb produce both profound immunosuppression and significant, though transient, myelodestruction we believe they may be useful as the sole conditioning regimen in patients with Fanconi anemia, in whom the use of conventional chemotherapeutic agents for conditioning produces a high rate of short and long term toxicity. We anticipate MAb mediated subablative conditioning will permit engraftment in a high percentage of these patients with little or no immediate or long term toxicity. Campath IH persists in vivo for several days after administration and so will be present over the transplant period to deplete donor T cells as partial graft versus host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis. Additional GvHD prophylaxis will be provided by administration of the medication FK506.

Detailed Description

If clinically feasible (no aplasia, no active malignancy), the recipients marrow will be harvested and cryopreserved as a back up for use if non-engraftment/rejection is followed by failure to undergo autologous reconstitution.

For HLA Mismatched donors, harvested peripheral blood stem cells will be enriched for CD34 cells using the Clinimacs CD34 Reagent system.

Fludarabine will be given as 5 daily intravenous infusions. Campath-1H will be given as 3 daily intravenous infusions and will be followed by Anti-CD45 which will be given as four daily intravenous infusions that will be completed two days prior to stem cell infusion. Diphenydramine will be administered intravenously every 4 hours during the period of the course of each infusion.

Day -8 Campath 1H as per CAGT SOP Fludarabine 30 mg/m2 -7 Campath 1H as per CAGT SOP Fludarabine 30 mg/m2 -6 Campath 1H as per CAGT SOP Fludarabine 30 mg/m2 -5 YTH 24/54 400ug/kg over 6 hr Fludarabine 30 mg/m2 -4 YTH 24/54 400ug/kg over 6 hr Fludarabine 30 mg/m2 -3 YTH 24/54 400ug/kg over 6 hr -2 YTH 24/54 400ug/kg over 6 hr -1 -0 Stem Cell Infusion

GVHD prophylaxis will be achieved through positive selection for CD34 resulting in > 3 log T cell depletion. Previous reports have indicated that there is a low frequency of severe (Grade II/IV) GvHD after haploidentical transplants if recipients receive stem cell populations containing <5 x 10e4 CD3 positive T cells. We hope to achieve such levels with our CD34 enrichment protocol. However, pharmacologic prophylaxis will be added if the CD34 selected product contains more than 5 x 10e4 CD3+ve T cells/kg recipient weight. In addition, Campath 1H persists in the recipient circulation through the immediate transplant period and will contribute anti-GVHD activity, in vivo.

Conditions

Fanconi Anemia; Severe Aplastic Anemia

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Single Arm Study: Stem Cell Transplant

CAMPATH-1H Anti-CD45 Fludarabine Stem Cell Infusion

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

CAMPATH-1H

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

Given intravenous on days -8, -7, and -6

Anti-CD45

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

Given intravenous on days -5, -4, -3 and -2

dose is 400 micrograms/kg

Fludarabine

Intervention Type: DRUG

Given intravenous on days -8, -7, -6, -5 and -4

Dose is 30 mg/m2

Stem cell infusion

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Stem cells are infused on day 0

Interventions

CAMPATH-1H

Given intravenous on days -8, -7, and -6

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

Anti-CD45

Given intravenous on days -5, -4, -3 and -2

dose is 400 micrograms/kg

Intervention Type: BIOLOGICAL

Fludarabine

Given intravenous on days -8, -7, -6, -5 and -4

Dose is 30 mg/m2

Intervention Type: DRUG

Stem cell infusion

Stem cells are infused on day 0

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Other Intervention Names

Alemtuzumab

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Diagnosis of Fanconi Anemia or other suspected DNA breakage/chromosomal instability syndromes, such as dyskeratosis congenita or Nijmegen breakage syndrome of all ages are eligible.

Diagnosis of Fanconi anemia confirmed by studies of peripheral blood or bone marrow sensitivity to mitomycin C or DEB or clinical evidence of other DNA breakage/chromosomal instability syndrome as determined by genetic testing or clinical diagnosis by a geneticist

Severe aplasia anemia as evidenced by a hypocellular bone marrow and at least 1 of the 3 criteria below: ANC < 500/mm3 Hemoglobin < 10 gm/dl with reticulocyte count < 1% Platelet count < 50,000/mm3

Availability of an HLA matched or mismatched (up to one haplotype) family member who has been documented not to have Fanconi anemia or of an unrelated HLA matched stem cell donor. Fully matched is defined at 6/6 match by high resolution DR based DNA typing.

Life expectancy greater than 6 weeks limited by diseases other than FA

Creatinine 2X normal for age or less

Karnofsky score 70% or more

Exclusion Criteria

Patients with symptomatic cardiac disease, or evidence of significant cardiac disease by echocardiogram (i.e., shortening fraction less than 25%).

Patients with known allergy to rat serum products.

Patients with a severe infection that on evaluation by the Principal Investigator precludes ablative chemotherapy or successful transplantation.

Patients with severe personality disorder or mental illness.

Patients with documented HIV positivity.

Pregnant

NOTE: Patients who would be excluded from the protocol strictly for laboratory abnormalities can be included at the investigator's discretion after approval by the CCGT Protocol Review Committee and the FDA Reviewer.

• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

The Methodist Hospital Research Institute

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Baylor College of Medicine

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Malcolm Brenner

Professor, Director Center for Cell and Gene Therapy

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Malcolm Brenner, M.B., Ph.D.,

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Baylor College of Medicine

Locations

Methodist Hospital

Houston, Texas, United States

Texas Children's Hospital

Houston, Texas, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

H-9938

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

NCT00058565

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: nct_alias