Methadone Maintenance for Prisoners

Study Results

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE3

Total Enrollment

211 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2003-09-30

Study Completion Date

2008-01-31

Brief Summary

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This five-year study examines the benefits of methadone maintenance treatment initiated in prison and continued in the community to male offenders who were previously, but not currently, heroin-dependent. It is anticipated that such prisoners will have more favorable outcomes in the year following release with regard to drug abuse, crime, and HIV risk behavior than either prisoners who receive counseling only or begin initiation of methadone maintenance in the community

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Detailed Description

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Most prisoners with histories of pre-incarceration heroin addiction do not receive treatment while incarcerated or upon release. Effective treatment for such prisoners is urgently needed because rapid relapse typically follows release. Relapse is associated with increased risk for HIV, overdose death, criminal activity, and reincarceration. Other than three studies of methadone maintenance with short-term jail inmates, the only study of longer-term inmates who were previously, but not currently, heroin-dependent was the investigator's pilot study with pre-release inmates. Based on that pilot study, which found that initiating maintenance treatment is feasible and facilitates post-release treatment entry, the present study provides a more rigorous examination of this unique treatment approach.

Conditions

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Heroin Addiction

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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3

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Counseling + Methadone

Intervention Type DRUG

Counseling and methadone maintenance in prison, with opportunity to continue that treatment upon release

1

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Counseling Only

Intervention Type OTHER

Counseling only in prison, with passive referral to drug abuse treatment upon release

2

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Counseling + Transfer

Intervention Type DRUG

Counseling only in prison, with opportunity to enter methadone maintenance upon release

Interventions

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Counseling Only

Counseling only in prison, with passive referral to drug abuse treatment upon release

Intervention Type OTHER

Counseling + Transfer

Counseling only in prison, with opportunity to enter methadone maintenance upon release

Intervention Type DRUG

Counseling + Methadone

Counseling and methadone maintenance in prison, with opportunity to continue that treatment upon release

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Heroin dependence in the year prior to current incarceration
* 3-6 months left to serve in prison-male pre-release inmate suitability for methadone maintenance as determined by medical evaluation
* Willingness to enroll in methadone maintenance
* Having a Baltimore address