Genetic Analysis of Neural Tube and Orofacial Cleft Defects in the Irish Population

NCT ID: NCT00341068

Last Updated: 2019-12-05

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: TERMINATED
• Total Enrollment: 7451 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2000-01-01
• Study Completion Date: 2019-12-02

Brief Summary

In a collaborative effort with the Health Research Board, the national organization for medical research in the Republic of Ireland, individuals with neural tube defects (NTDs) or facial cleft defects and their parents will be studied. With the exception of a few well-described syndromes most cases of NTDs and facial clefts are not inherited in a Mendelian fashion. Nearly all incident cases occur in families with no prior history of the defects. The observed recurrence risk in families with an NTD child is 10-12 fold higher than the general population suggesting that inherited factors modify this risk. Historically, the incidence of NTDs in Ireland was 5-8 fold higher than the USA. The aim of this study is to identify the gene(s) involved in these defects using standard genetic epidemiology approaches, transmission disequilibrium testing and gene mapping strategies. We will initially evaluate genes known to be involved in folate metabolism and pattern formation (development of the body). The major outcomes measured will be aggregate allele frequencies in case groups compared to controls. Biochemical parameters in red cells and plasma will also be measured. Comparisons will be made between the presence of genetics variants, biochemical parameters and clinical phenotype. Characterizing the genes associated with these defects should provide insight into the etiology and metabolic processes that may be involved, furthering prevention and intervention efforts.

Detailed Description

In a collaborative effort with the Health Research Board, the national organization for medical research in the Republic of Ireland, individuals with neural tube defects (NTDs) or facial cleft defects and their parents will be studied. With the exception of a few well-described syndromes most cases of NTDs and facial clefts are not inherited in a Mendelian fashion. Nearly all incident cases occur in families with no prior history of the defects. However, the observed recurrence risk in families with an NTD child is 10-20 fold higher than the general population incidence suggesting that inherited factors modify this risk. Historically, the incidence of NTDs in Ireland was 5-8 fold higher than the USA. The aim of this study is to identify the gene(s) involved in these defects using standard genetic epidemiology approaches, transmission disequilibrium testing and gene mapping strategies. We will initially evaluate genes known to be involved in folate metabolism and pattern formation (development of the body). The major outcomes measured will be aggregate allele frequencies in case groups compared to controls. Biochemical parameters in red blood cells and plasma will also be measured. Comparisons will be made between the presence of genetics variants, biochemical parameters and clinical phenotype. Characterizing the genes associated with these defects should provide insight into the etiology and metabolic processes that may be involved, furthering prevention and intervention efforts.

Conditions

Neural Tube Defects (NTDs); Facial Cleft Defect; Hereditary Oral Clefts

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: COHORT
• Study Time Perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

Cleft

children and adults with a cleft lip and/or cleft palate and their parents residing in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and the United Kingdom

No interventions assigned to this group

NTD

children and adults with an NTD (neural tube defects) and their parents residing in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and the United Kingdom

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Eligible participants are children and adults with an NTD and their parents residing in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and the United Kingdom

NTDs are defined to include all forms of spina bifida aperta (meningocele, meningomyelocele), encephalocele, anencephaly, rachischisis, iniencephaly and lipomeningocele. Hydrocephalus, hydranencephaly, dermal sinus and spina bifida occulta do not qualify as NTDs.

For oral clefts, eligible participants are children and adults with a facial cleft in Ireland and their parents.

All families with NTDs or clefts will be recruited for the study.

Exclusion Criteria

Those with known syndromes will be excluded or analyzed separately.

Cases for whom both biologic parents are not available will be excluded from some components of triad (case, mother and father) analysis, although the data from the NTD case may be useful for other study components.

• Maximum Eligible Age: 85 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)

NIH

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Lawrence C Brody, Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)

Locations

National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), 9000 Rockville Pike

Bethesda, Maryland, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

OH99-HG-N053

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

999999053

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id