Early Versus Standard Start of Anti-HIV Therapy for Treatment-Naive Adults in Haiti

NCT ID: NCT00120510

Last Updated: 2014-10-15

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

816 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2007-07-31

Study Completion Date

2009-09-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

Anti-HIV treatment consisting of lamivudine/zidovudine (3TC/ZDV) and efavirenz (EFV) is the current standard of care for initial treatment of HIV in most areas of the world. The purpose of this study is to determine the best time to start this anti-HIV treatment in treatment-naive adults in Haiti.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

In many parts of the world, initial standard of care for HIV includes 3TC/ZDV and the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor EFV. However, it is unclear if early (CD4 count less than 350 cells/mm3) or delayed (CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3) therapy initiation leads to improved survival. This study will determine the most appropriate time to initiate ART in HIV infected individuals in Haiti. The study will enroll patients from the Haitian Study Group on Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO) Centers. Some participants in this study will have active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).

This study will last at least 3 years. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups at study entry. Group A participants will receive 3TC/ZDV twice daily and EFV once daily at study enrollment. Participants receiving TB therapy at the time of enrollment may be observed for 2 weeks prior to beginning early therapy. Dosage adjustment of EFV may be necessary for participants receiving rifampin as part of their TB therapy. Group B participants will receive 3TC/ZDV twice daily and EFV once daily when they develop clinical AIDS or their CD4 count drops below 200 cells/mm3 (WHO Stage IV). Directly observed therapy will be used for the first two months of treatment for every participant.

Group A participants will have 14 study visits after beginning treatment; the visits will occur at Months 1, 2, 3, and every 3 months thereafter. Medical and medication history, physical exams, and contraceptive counseling for women will occur at all visits. HIV counseling, blood collection, and HIV staging will occur at most visits. At some study visits, Group A participants will be asked to complete quality of life and adherence questionnaires. Group B participants will have 14 study visits after study entry and will begin treatment when they meet WHO criteria. Assessments will be the same as for Group A. Any participant who fails the first-line regimen during the study will switch to a second-line ART regimen.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

HIV Infections Tuberculosis

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

A

Randomly assigned group who will start an ART regimen of 3TC/ZDV and EFV twice daily at study entry

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Efavirenz

Intervention Type DRUG

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor dosed at 600mg taken by mouth every 24 hours at bedtime

Lamivudine/Zidovudine

Intervention Type DRUG

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor dosed at 150mg/300mg fixed dose combination taken by mouth every 12 hours

B

Randomly assigned group who will delay beginning ART regimen of 3TC/ZDV and EFC twice daily until they develop clinical AIDS or their CD4 count drops below 200 cells/mm3

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Efavirenz

Intervention Type DRUG

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor dosed at 600mg taken by mouth every 24 hours at bedtime

Lamivudine/Zidovudine

Intervention Type DRUG

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor dosed at 150mg/300mg fixed dose combination taken by mouth every 12 hours

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Efavirenz

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor dosed at 600mg taken by mouth every 24 hours at bedtime

Intervention Type DRUG

Lamivudine/Zidovudine

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor dosed at 150mg/300mg fixed dose combination taken by mouth every 12 hours

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

EFV 3TC/ZDV 3TC/AZT

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* HIV-infected
* Received pre- and post-test counseling at the GHESKIO Centers
* CD4 count between 200 and 350 cells/mm3
* World Health Organization (WHO) Stage I, II, or III HIV disease
* Willing to use acceptable forms of contraception

Exclusion Criteria

* WHO Stage IV HIV disease (AIDS)
* 7 or more days of cumulative ART prior to study entry OR on ART at time of study entry
* Active TB, if diagnostic work-up for TB is incomplete OR if decision to treat TB has not been made. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
* Recurrent active TB OR history of interrupted or incomplete TB therapy. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
* Has not been evaluated for latent TB and decision to treat latent TB with isoniazid has not been made. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
* Requires ART in the next 3 months, in the opinion of the investigator
* Other serious medical illness requiring chronic maintenance therapy (e.g., hypertension, diabetes) UNLESS the individual has completed at least 14 days of therapy prior to study enrollment AND is clinically stable
* Any psychological condition (e.g., severe depression, schizophrenia) that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the study
* Any social condition (e.g., pending emigration, pending incarceration) that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the study
* Active drug or alcohol use that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the study
* Current inflammation of the pancreas
* Allergy/sensitivity to any of study drugs or their formulations
* Requires certain medications
* Enrolled in another therapeutic or interventional clinical trial
* Pregnant or breastfeeding
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Jean William Pape, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Cornell - GHESKIO, Institut de Laboratoire et de Recherches and Division of International Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cornell University

Patrice Severe, MD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Cornell - GHESKIO, Institut de Laboratoire et de Recherches

Daniel W. Fitzgerald, MD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Division of International Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cornell University

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Les Centres GHESKIO CIPRA CRS

Port-au-Prince, , Haiti

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Haiti

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Blankson JN. Primary HIV-1 infection: to treat or not to treat? AIDS Read. 2005 May;15(5):245-6, 249-51.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15900634 (View on PubMed)

Duncombe C, Kerr SJ, Ruxrungtham K, Dore GJ, Law MG, Emery S, Lange JM, Phanuphak P, Cooper DA. HIV disease progression in a patient cohort treated via a clinical research network in a resource limited setting. AIDS. 2005 Jan 28;19(2):169-78. doi: 10.1097/00002030-200501280-00009.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15668542 (View on PubMed)

Pape JW. Tuberculosis and HIV in the Caribbean: approaches to diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis. Top HIV Med. 2004 Dec-2005 Jan;12(5):144-9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15647610 (View on PubMed)

Teck R, Ascurra O, Gomani P, Manzi M, Pasulani O, Kusamale J, Salaniponi FM, Humblet P, Nunn P, Scano F, Harries AD, Zachariah R. WHO clinical staging of HIV infection and disease, tuberculosis and eligibility for antiretroviral treatment: relationship to CD4 lymphocyte counts. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2005 Mar;9(3):258-62.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15786887 (View on PubMed)

Thorner A, Rosenberg E. Early versus delayed antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection : a review of the current guidelines from an immunological perspective. Drugs. 2003;63(13):1325-37. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200363130-00001.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12825959 (View on PubMed)

Joseph Y, Yao Z, Dua A, Severe P, Collins SE, Bang H, Antoine Jean-Juste M, Ocheretina O, Apollon A, McNairy ML, Dupnik K, Cremieux E, Byrne A, Pape JW, Koenig SP. Long-term mortality after tuberculosis treatment among persons living with HIV in Haiti. J Int AIDS Soc. 2021 Jul;24(7):e25721. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25721.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 34235862 (View on PubMed)

Collins SE, Jean Juste MA, Koenig SP, Secours R, Ocheretina O, Bernard D, Riviere C, Calnan M, Dunning A, Hurtado Rua SM, Johnson WD Jr, Pape JW, Fitzgerald DW, Severe P. CD4 deficit and tuberculosis risk persist with delayed antiretroviral therapy: 5-year data from CIPRA HT-001. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Jan;19(1):50-7. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0217.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 25519790 (View on PubMed)

Haas DW, Severe P, Jean Juste MA, Pape JW, Fitzgerald DW. Functional CYP2B6 variants and virologic response to an efavirenz-containing regimen in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014 Aug;69(8):2187-90. doi: 10.1093/jac/dku088. Epub 2014 Apr 2.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 24695352 (View on PubMed)

Koenig SP, Bang H, Severe P, Jean Juste MA, Ambroise A, Edwards A, Hippolyte J, Fitzgerald DW, McGreevy J, Riviere C, Marcelin S, Secours R, Johnson WD, Pape JW, Schackman BR. Cost-effectiveness of early versus standard antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected adults in Haiti. PLoS Med. 2011 Sep;8(9):e1001095. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001095. Epub 2011 Sep 20.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 21949643 (View on PubMed)

Severe P, Juste MA, Ambroise A, Eliacin L, Marchand C, Apollon S, Edwards A, Bang H, Nicotera J, Godfrey C, Gulick RM, Johnson WD Jr, Pape JW, Fitzgerald DW. Early versus standard antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected adults in Haiti. N Engl J Med. 2010 Jul 15;363(3):257-65. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0910370.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 20647201 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

5K24AI051966-03

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

10403

Identifier Type: REGISTRY

Identifier Source: secondary_id

CIPRA HT 001

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Reducing Antiretroviral Treatments
NCT04051970 UNKNOWN PHASE3